When the antibiotic chloramphenicol binds to the 50S portion of the ribosome, the effect is to inhibit protein synthesis.
Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that targets bacterial ribosomes, specifically the 50S subunit. The ribosome is responsible for protein synthesis, a vital process for bacterial growth and survival. When chloramphenicol binds to the 50S subunit, it interferes with the ribosome's function and inhibits protein synthesis.
The ribosome consists of two subunits, the smaller 30S subunit and the larger 50S subunit. These subunits work together to translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. The 50S subunit plays a crucial role in catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids during protein synthesis.
Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, specifically to the peptidyl transferase center, which is responsible for the formation of peptide bonds. By binding to this site, chloramphenicol prevents the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, inhibiting the elongation of the growing peptide chain. As a result, protein synthesis is halted, leading to the inhibition of bacterial growth.
The binding of chloramphenicol to the ribosome is reversible, allowing the antibiotic to dissociate from the ribosome once its concentration decreases. This reversibility is an important characteristic of chloramphenicol and contributes to its effectiveness in treating bacterial infections.
Overall, the binding of chloramphenicol to the 50S subunit of the ribosome disrupts protein synthesis, leading to the inhibition of bacterial growth and the potential eradication of the infection.
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how is volume meausred
Answer: Volume is measured in cubic meters or cm
Explanation: In the International System of Units (SI), the standard unit of volume is the cubic meter (m3). The metric system also includes the liter (L) as a unit of volume, where one liter is the volume of a 10-centimeter cube. Thus 1 liter = (10 cm)3 = 1000 cubic centimeters = 0.001 cubic meters, so.
Answer:
Volume can be measured in many ways. It can be found in a cube by length*width*height. It can be found in a cylinder by doing pi*radius^2*height. For a sphere it can be found by using (4 × π × r^3)/3. It can be found in a cone by doing (π × r^2 × h)/3. In a pyramid you can use (B × h)/3.
Explanation:
which is an abiotic factor that functions as a limiting factor for the autrophs in the ecosystem below?
Answer:
i hope it helps you
Examples; of biotic factors include any animals, plants, trees, grass, bacteria, moss, or molds that you might find in an ecosystem.
Explanation:
In general, biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem and are sorted into three groups: producers or autotrophs, consumers or heterotrophs, and decomposers or detritivores.
please MARK ME AS BRAINLIEST PLEASE MARK ME AS BRAINLIEST PLEASE
Which valves that prevent blood from backing up into the ventricles of the heart and are named for their crescent moon shape?
The valves that prevent blood from backing up into the ventricles of the heart and are named for their crescent moon shape are the semilunar valve.
The semilunar valves are a pair of cardiac valves found in the arteries leading out of the heart. The heart has two semilunar valves: the pulmonary valve and the aortic valve. The pulmonary valve is positioned in the pulmonary artery and stops blood from flowing back into the right ventricle of the heart. The aortic valve is placed in the aorta and stops blood from flowing back into the heart's left ventricle. These valves open and close in response to changes in cardiac pressure, ensuring that blood flows correctly through the heart and out to the body. Semilunar valve dysfunction can lead to heart disease and other health problems.
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Will the sequences 5′GGCC–3′ and 3′–GGCC–5′ in a double-stranded DNA molecule be cut by the same restriction enzyme?
Adenine and thymine form bonds; guanine and cytosine form bonds. 3'TGACGACTACAACTTAATCT 5' (That is true.)
What do you meant by double-stranded DNA molecule?Two polynucleotide chains, each of which has a nitrogenous base bonded to a hydrogen atom by a hydrogen bond, make up double-stranded DNA. Because of the anti-parallel sugar-phosphate backbone orientation and the complementary nature of the A-T and C-G base pairing, one strand in this arrangement replicates the other. Non-covalent (hydrogen) bonds typically hold the two strands of DNA together in DNA molecules. In a helical pattern, the strands are entangled. Nucleotide sequences are what make up DNA. A deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of the four nucleobases (A, T, G, or C) make up each nucleotide. The DNA's double-stranded structure provided evidence of a replicating process. Unnoticed was the fact that it also acted as a template for fixing replication-related damage and errors, helping to maintain genomic stability.To learn more about double-stranded DNA molecule refer to:
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You were looking at a cell under a microscope. It had a large central vacuole, a nucleus, a cell wall and mitochondria. You concluded that it is a:
Responses
Eukaryotic animal cell
Eukaryotic animal cell
Hybrid of a plant and animal cell
Hybrid of a plant and animal cell
Eukaryotic plant cell
Eukaryotic plant cell
Prokaryotic bacterial cell
On the presence of a large central vacuole, a nucleus, a cell wall, and mitochondria, the cell you were looking at is most likely a eukaryotic plant cell. Option C is correct.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex and larger than prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and most organelles. Eukaryotic cells are found in animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
However, Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, and a cytoskeleton. Plant cells, in addition to these organelles, also have a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. The presence of a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and mitochondria in the cell you observed suggest that it is a plant cell.
Hence, C. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"You were looking at a cell under a microscope. It had a large central vacuole, a nucleus, a cell wall and mitochondria. You concluded that it is a: Responses A) Eukaryotic animal cell B) Hybrid of a plant and animal cell C) Eukaryotic plant cell D) Prokaryotic bacterial cell."--
Pollution
10. Discuss why people choose to pollute the environment instead of being environmentally friendly.
11. In this situation identify the "commons"
I can’t find the answer to the second question in this article called tragedy of the commons by garrett hardin 1969
Answer:
Explanation:
I found an exaple
Solutions to the tragedy of the commons include the imposition of private property rights, government regulation, or the development of a collective action arrangement. Historical examples of tragedies of the commons include the collapse of the North Atlantic Cod fisheries and the extinction of the dodo bird.
maybe this well help as well
human activity is causing environmental degradation, which is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution.
Normal (or average) body temperature of humans is often thought to be 98.6 ∘
F. Is that number really the average? To test this, we will use a data set obtained from 67 healthy female volunteers aged 18 to 40 that were participating in vaccine trials. We will assume this sample is representative of a population of all healthy females. The mean body temperature for the 67 females in our sample is 98.85 ∘
F and the standard deviation is 0.852 ∘
F. The data are not strongly skewed. Use the Theory-Based Inference applet to find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean body temperature for healthy females. Round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 0.75. The confidence interval is to eTextbook and Media Based on your confidence interval, is 98.6 ∘
F a plausible value for the population average body temperature or is the average significantly more or less than 98.6 ∘
F ? Explain how you are determining this. eTextbook and Media In the context of this study, was it valid to use the theory-based (t-distribution) approach to find a confidence interval? Yes No eTextbook and Media
Answer:
Explanation:
To find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean body temperature of healthy females, we can use the theory-based (t-distribution) approach since the sample size is relatively small (n = 67) and the population standard deviation is unknown.
Using the information provided, the mean body temperature for the sample is 98.85 °F, and the standard deviation is 0.852 °F. The formula for the confidence interval is:
Confidence Interval = sample mean ± (t-value * standard error)
First, we need to determine the t-value for a 95% confidence level with (n-1) degrees of freedom. In this case, the degrees of freedom are 67 - 1 = 66. Using a t-table or statistical software, the t-value for a 95% confidence level and 66 degrees of freedom is approximately 1.997.
Next, we calculate the standard error, which is the standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size:
Standard Error = standard deviation / √sample size
= 0.852 / √67
≈ 0.104
Now we can calculate the confidence interval:
Confidence Interval = 98.85 ± (1.997 * 0.104)
Simplifying the calculation:
Confidence Interval ≈ 98.85 ± 0.208
Rounding to two decimal places, the 95% confidence interval for the population mean body temperature is approximately (98.64, 99.06) °F.
To determine whether 98.6 °F is a plausible value for the population average body temperature, we need to check if it falls within the confidence interval. In this case, since 98.6 °F is within the confidence interval of (98.64, 99.06) °F, it is a plausible value for the population average body temperature. This means that based on the sample data, there is no strong evidence to suggest that the average body temperature significantly differs from 98.6 °F.
In terms of using the theory-based (t-distribution) approach to find the confidence interval, it is valid in this study because the sample size is small and the population standard deviation is unknown. The t-distribution accounts for the uncertainty introduced by using the sample standard deviation to estimate the population standard deviation.
I need help answers these questions?
Bohr’s ""planetary model"" states that electrons are in specific energy levels or ""orbits"" around the nucleus. Explain how this is not possible using heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
The speed and precise location of the electrons as they passed through the atom cannot be determined in accordance with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Bohr believed that electrons traveled along circular routes as they orbited the nucleus; but, in the contemporary understanding, atomic electron structure is more akin to three-dimensional standing waves.
Rutherford's theory of the atom was expanded upon by Bohr. The majority of the atom's mass is concentrated there, in the region we now refer to as the nucleus, and electrons form a sort of cloud around the positive mass. The model's explanation utilizing the quantified energy was Bohr's most important contribution. He thought that electrons traveled in a circle around the nucleus with quantized potential and kinetic energy.
In theory, it is still thought that the model's quantification component is accurate. The concept of circular orbits for electrons is the major issue.
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle, which states that it is impossible to know a particle's position and momentum at the same time, is not satisfied by this. It also fails to account for the fact that atoms are arranged in three dimensions. The 3D structure of an atom is unlikely to exist if the orbitals are circular.
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Retrograde transport from the Golgi apparatus would entail a protein traveling where?
Answer:
ik its a long explanation, sorry
Explanation:
Retrograde transport from the Golgi apparatus would entail a protein traveling back to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or to the cis-Golgi from the trans-Golgi. This is the opposite direction of the normal flow of proteins through the secretory pathway.
During retrograde transport, proteins are transported from the Golgi back to the ER or to earlier Golgi compartments, in order to recycle or correct misfolded proteins. This process is essential for maintaining the proper function of the secretory pathway and preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which can be toxic to cells.
The retrograde transport of proteins is facilitated by specialized transport vesicles that bud off from the Golgi and transport cargo back to the ER or earlier Golgi compartments. These vesicles are coated with proteins, such as COPI, that mediate the specificity of cargo selection and the formation of the vesicle.
Overall, retrograde transport plays a critical role in maintaining the proper function of the secretory pathway by recycling and correcting misfolded proteins.
hope this helped!
how is the forest advantageous to us?
Explanation:
That is how the forest is advantageous to us please rate brainlest
Answer:
Advantages of forest:
Forest provides us with numerous amount of things and protects us from many disasters. Listed below are the advantages of forest.
*They help maintain oxygen levels in the atmosphere, facilitating breathing of humans and other animals.
*Forests help regulate the climate.
*They help the ground absorb during floods, reducing soil loss and property damage by slowing the flow.
*Forests are of vital economic importance to humans. For example, the plantation of forests provides humans with wood and timber, which can be exported and used a wide range of applications.
*Forests serve as a habitat to millions of animals.
*Forests help in the regulation of ecosystems.
*Forests help reduce certain types of pollution such as noise pollution.
*Forests provide many important natural medicines.
*Forests help to control the Earth’s temperature and combat global warming.
*The natural beauty associated with forests is valuable.
*Forests are responsible for several jobs.
This very important component of the heart's conduction system is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium, near the entrance of the superior vena cava:
The sinoatrial node is very important component of the heart's conduction system that situated close to the site of superior vena cava connection on the posterior wall of the right atrium (SA node). The SA node, which is made up of autorhythmic cells, acts as the heart's "pacemaker" by producing the action potentials that cause contraction to begin.
What is sinoatrial node or important component of the heart's conduction system?The SA node, which is made up of autorhythmic cells, acts as the heart's "pacemaker" by producing the action potentials that cause contraction to begin. Bachman's bundle, a unique band of swiftly conducting tissue that quickly transmits the action potential to the left atrium, is hypothesised to help the two atria contract concurrently.
The atrioventricular node (AV node), which is situated in the right atrium's floor close to the interatrial septum, senses the action potential. The internodal pathways are once again specialised conduction routes that swiftly transfer the action potentials from the SA node to the AV node. The action potential is then "delayed" by the AV node for around 0.15 seconds, enabling the atria to contract before the ventricles.
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Groundwater can be _________ by landfills and septic tanks.
emptied
drained
contaminated
filled
Answer:
contaminated
Explanation:
Groundwater can be contimated by landfills and septic tanks
Michael and Andrew are pushing a desk across the room. To be funny, Michael decides to push against Andrew instead of with him. Michael can push with a force of 30 N. Andrew can only push with a force of 28 N. In which direction will the desk move?
Answer:
towards Andrew
Explanation:
The direction in which the desk will move would be towards Andrew.
This is a simple case of resultant force. If both Michael and Andrew had pushed the desk together across the classroom, the resultant force would have been the addition of their individual's applied forces - neglecting any other extraneous forces. However, since they decided to push against each other, the resultant force would the subtraction of their individual forces and the desk will move towards the person with who applied the lower forces out of the two.
Since Michael applied force was 30 N and that of Andrew was 28 N, the resultant force would therefore be 2 N in the direction of Andrew. In other words, the desk would move towards Andrew.
What can happen if cells do not duplicate correctly?
Answer:
If the cell has not properly copied its chromosomes, an enzyme called cyclin dependent kinase, or CDK, will not activate the cyclin, and the cell cycle will not proceed to the next phase. The cell will undergo cell death.
Explanation:
The diagram below shows reservoir interactions with the phosphorus cycle: Image shows arrows that point counterclockwise. Label A is over the water. An arrow points from there to label B, which is dead fish. From there, an arrow points to label C, which is rock under water. From there, an arrow points to label D, which is plants. Which statement best describes label C? Phosphorus is evaporating from the water into the atmosphere. Bacteria convert phosphate in dead organisms into phosphorus. Organisms, such as fish, absorb phosphorus from their food (plants and other animals). Sedimentary rocks are the largest source of phosphorus.
The sedimentary rοcks beneath the water are depicted by label C in the diagram. In the phοsphοrus cycle, sedimentary rοcks are οne οf the largest phοsphοrus reservοirs.
Minerals in rοcks that cοntain phοsphοrus weather οver time, releasing phοsphοrus intο the water and sοil, where plants and οther οrganisms can use it.
Which statement best describes label C?As a result, the statement that mοst accurately explains label C is: Phοsphοrus cοmes primarily frοm sedimentary rοcks.
Sedimentary rοcks: what are they?οne οf the three main types οf rοcks, sedimentary rοcks are fοrmed when οrganic materials, mineral fragments, and sediment cοmbine οver time. Sediments can travel by wind, water, οr ice and be depοsited in layers befοre being cοmpacted and cοnsοlidated intο sοlid sedimentary rοcks.
There are three main types οf sedimentary rοcks: οrganic, clastic, and chemical. Sandstοne, shale, and cοnglοmerate are examples οf preexisting rοck fragments that make up clastic sedimentary rοcks.
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Label C in the diagram represents the sedimentary rοcks that are present belοw the surface οf the sea. Sedimentary rοck fοrmatiοns are amοng the greatest reservοirs οf phοsphοrus in the phοsphοrus cycle.
When minerals in phsphrus-cοntaining rοcks weather οver time, phosphorus is released intο the water and sοil, where plants and οther οrganisms can use it.
What definitiοn best fits label C?The phrase "Phοsphοrus οriginates predοminantly frοm sedimentary rοcks" sums up label C the best.
What precisely are sedimentary rοcks?Sedimentary rοcks, οne οf the three majοr types οf rοcks, fοrm thrοughοut time as a result οf the fusiοn οf οrganic mοlecules, mineral fragments, and silt. Befοre being cοmpacted and cοllided intο deep sedimentary rοcks, sediments can be transpοrted by wind, water, οr ice. They can alsο be depοsited in layers.
There are three main types οf sedimentary rοcks: οrganic, clastic, and chemical. Sandstοne, shale, and cοnglοmerate are examples οf preexisting rοck fragments that make up clastic sedimentary rοcks.
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If we want to investigate bacteria, we're going
to have to figure out how to keep them alive. If
we were doing this experiment in class, how
would keep the bacteria we find alive when we
bring samples back to our classroom?
Answer:
in a container with a lid
Explanation:
the lid would keep it aliveand keep in a refrigator
Lipids are considered the building blocks of plasma membranes. What could be the reason a
cell is unable to synthesize lipids?
Answer:
phospholipids
Explanation:
The fundamental building blocks of all cell membranes are phospholipids which are amphipathic molecules, consisting of two hydrophobic fatty acid chains linked to a phosphate-containing hydrophilic head group.
The carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals that are vital to an organism’s survival are found in...
(1) oxygen
(2) carbon dioxide
(3) food
(4) water
3. Food
This is the answer..
The predator-prey relationship is a key factor in balancing the resources in the ecosystem. Population size can be affected if this relationship is not balanced. How does the predator-prey relationship affect population size?
Answer:
a predator kills off the pray, take the predator away and u get too much prey so they eat all the grass or berries and die of starvation
pelase write the human organs list
The brain, The lungs, The bladder, The kidneys, The heart, The stomach are the internal human organs list.
An organ is a collection of tissues connected together in a structural unit to serve a common purpose in biology. An organ is located between tissue and an organ system in the biological hierarchy. Tissues are made up of cells of the same type that work together to perform a purpose.
Tissues of many sorts join together to form an organ with a specific function. The gut wall, for example, is made up of epithelial and smooth muscle tissue. An organ system, also known as a biological system or body system, is made up of two or more organs that operate together to provide a certain physiological function.
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Full Question: Please write the internal human organs list?
The element nitrogen is present in all of the following except A) proteins.B) nucleic acids.C) amino acids.D) DNA.E) monosaccharides.
Nitrogen is present in all of the options listed except for monosaccharides. Thus, correct option is (E).
A crucial component of biological compounds is nitrogen. Nitrogen is a component of proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), amino acids (which serve as the building blocks for proteins), and DNA. Amino acids, which make up proteins, contain nitrogen as a necessary part of their structure.
Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine/uracil are nitrogenous bases that are essential for the operation of nucleic acids, including DNA. Monosaccharides, simple sugars and the fundamental unit of carbohydrates, do not, however, include nitrogen. Instead, the majority of their atoms are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
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Starting with the somatic ovarian cell used as the source of the nucleus in the cloning process, explain how this outcome occurred.
Answer:
The process of cloning using a somatic ovarian cell as the source of the nucleus is known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The basic steps of SCNT are:
Explanation:
The nucleus of a somatic ovarian cell (a cell that is not involved in reproduction) is removed.
The nucleus is then inserted into an egg cell (oocyte) from which the nucleus has been removed.
The egg cell is then stimulated with an electric pulse or chemical agents, which causes it to begin the process of cell division.
The resulting cloned cell divides and develops into a ball of cells called a blastocyst, which is similar to a very early stage embryo.
The blastocyst is then implanted into the uterus of a surrogate mother or a laboratory dish for further development.
The cloned embryo will develop into an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which the somatic cell was taken.
Genetically identical animals, including sheep, cattle, and other species, are produced using this method. The genetic and molecular mechanisms of development, illness, and aging are also studied using it in research. Cloning has been used to generate animals that are genetically identical and employed in medical research, as well as animals that have been genetically altered to produce useful proteins in their milk and other body fluids.
what is a pathogenicity island? a. a biofilm-based pathogen community b. a block of virulence genes in bacterial chromosome c. an isolated community with rare infections d. a section within the human chromosome that encodes multiple antimicrobial factors
Option a) A biofilm-based pathogen community is a pathogenicity island.
The term "pathogenicity islands" (PAI) was first used in 1990 to refer to a specific class of genomic islands that microbes have acquired through horizontal gene transfer. Animal and plant infections both have islands of pathogenicity. Furthermore, both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria have PAIs. They are transferred via plasmid, phage, or conjugative transposon transfer, among other horizontal gene transfer mechanisms. Consequently, PAIs aid in the evolution of microbes. In the genomes of pathogenic organisms, either chromosomally or extra chromosomally, there are gene clusters known as pathogenicity islands (PAIs), which are typically missing in nonpathogenic members of the same or closely related species. They might be found on a bacterial chromosome, transported within a plasmid, or contained in the genomes of bacteriophages.
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alleles are: question 30 options: different versions of a particular gene. different types of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). defective chromosomes that are missing a few key genes. chemicals or other environmental agents that are known to cause birth defects.
Answer:
Explanation:
alleles is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location.
The cycle that involves the conversion of nitrogen gas into a usable form by bacteria is the:
a.
carbon cycle
c.
water cycle
b.
nitrogen cycle
d.
none of the above
Please help asap
When performing a gxt and taking measures once per stage, when do you measure blood pressure and other measures?
Blood pressure should be taken before starting the exercise and again at the end of each stage.
What are Graded Exercise Testing Protocols or Bruce protocols?The Bruce protocol, developed by Robert A. Bruce, maybe a diagnostic test used in the evaluation of cardiac function. Bruce, an American Cardiologist.For assessing cardiovascular health, it is a standardized multistage treadmill test.According to the original Bruce protocol, in a graded exercise test the patient with electrodes on the chest to monitor walks on an uphill treadmill. Every 3 min the speed & incline of the treadmill are increased. Only extremely fit athletes can complete all seven stages.The modified Bruce Protocol is an alteration within the protocol so that the treadmill rather than uphill is initially horizontal, with the first few intervals increasing the treadmill slope only.Therefore, blood pressure should be taken before starting the exercise and again at the end of each stage.
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How come one type of matter can be converted to a totally different one?
Answer:
Explanation:
En física, la materia es todo aquello que se extiende en cierta región del espacio-tiempo, que posee energía y está sujeto a cambios en el tiempo y a interacciones con aparatos de medida. Se considera que es lo que forma la parte sensible de los objetos perceptibles o detectables por medios físicos.
Etimológicamente, proviene del latín materia, que significa «sustancia de la que están hechas las cosas» y que también alude a la «madera dura del interior de un árbol»;1 la palabra está relacionada con māter («origen, fuente, madre»)2 y se corresponde con el griego hyle3 (de hylos: «bosque, madera, leña, material»)45 que es un concepto aristotélico de la teoría filosófica del hilemorfismo.6
El uso moderno del término va más allá de la noción clásica de sustancia, y los físicos denominan materia a cualquier entidad cuya presencia en una cierta región del espacio-tiempo conlleva que el tensor energía-impulso para dicha región es diferente de cero.
what feature listed not part of the groundwater system?
A-confined water
B-underwater spring
C-lake
Answer: Lake
Explanation:
How is the function of a leaf different from that of a stem or root?
Answer:
the leaf of a plant takes the sunlight and converts it into food the stem and roots are for stability and for water absorbtion
Explanation:
Answer:
Seed plants have three main parts that serve specialized functions: roots, stems, and leaves. Roots help to anchor the plant in the ground as well as absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. ... Leaves carry out photosynthesis, which is the most important way that plants produce the energy to live.
Explanation: