The given statement "the glass transition temperature is always above the melting temperature of an amorphous material" is false and the reason is mentioned below :
The glass transition temperature (Tg) can be above or below the melting temperature (Tm) of an amorphous material, depending on the specific material and its molecular structure. Tg represents the temperature at which an amorphous material transitions from a hard, brittle state to a rubbery, more flexible state, while Tm is the temperature at which the material transitions from a solid to a liquid state.
In some cases, Tg may be lower than Tm, meaning that the material can transition from a glassy state to a liquid state without going through a distinct melting phase (known as a "reversible transition"). However, in other cases, Tg may be higher than Tm, indicating that the material must first melt before it can transition to a more rubbery state.
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30 Points please answer ASAP
Here watch video https://youtu.be/CUZCAuh_Dek
is a beautiful slow-motion capture of several different hydrogen balloons, highlighting combustion at it's finest. Why is one explosion larger than the other? It looks like there's approximately the same size balloon to start with, so what's going on?
hydrogen combustion
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) --> 2 H2O (g)
In combustion, [A] is always a reactant. In the hydrogen only balloon, [B]. In the mixed balloon, [C].
I got Oxygen for A is that correct?
Options for B and C
1.the reaction can start right away
2.the reaction is delayed until just before the balloon pops
3.the pressure outside the balloon slows the reaction down
4. the balloon needs to pop before the H2 can mix with any O2
For question B, 2. the reaction is delayed until just before the balloon pops
For question C, 1.the reaction can start right away
What is the reaction?Based on the fact that the hydrogen-only swell contains immaculate hydrogen gas, whereas the blended swell contains both hydrogen and oxygen gasses.
When the fire is added, the hydrogen in both inflatables will burn, but within the hydrogen-only balloon, the response will take longer to reach unstable levels since there's no oxygen display to respond with the hydrogen.
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What is the mean rate of reaction 3.4g of copper sulphate was produced in 3 days?
please help me
Answer:
8.1×10^-8 mols-1
Explanation:
Now we have the mass of copper sulphate produced after three days. Recall that the rate of reaction is given as;
Rate= change in the concentration of product/time
At the beginning of the reaction, there was 0 moles of copper sulphate
After 72 hours or 259200 seconds, there was 3.4g/160gmol-1 = 0.021 moles of copper sulphate.
Note that 160gmol-1 is the molar mass of copper sulphate.
Hence;
Rate of reaction= 0.021 moles /259200 seconds
Hence, the rate of reaction is 8.1×10^-8 mols-1
Rate of reaction= 8.1×10^-8 mols-1
Calculate ΔH for the reaction CO(g) + H2(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g)
Given:
2 C(s) + O2(g) → 2 CO(g)... ∆H = -222 kJ
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)... ∆H = -394 kJ
2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)... ∆H = -484 kJ
The value of ΔH for the reaction CO(g) + H₂(g) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(g) is -1272 kJ.
To calculate the enthalpy change (ΔH) for the given reaction, we can use Hess's law, which states that the overall enthalpy change of a reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes of the individual reactions involved.
Given the enthalpy changes:
1. 2 C(s) + O₂(g) → 2 CO(g)... ∆H = -222 kJ
2. C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)... ∆H = -394 kJ
3. 2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 H₂O(g)... ∆H = -484 kJ
We need to manipulate these reactions to obtain the desired reaction:
1. Reverse reaction 2: CO₂(g) → C(s) + O₂(g)... ∆H = +394 kJ
2. Multiply reaction 2 by 2 to balance carbon atoms: 2 CO₂(g) → 2 C(s) + 2 O₂(g)... ∆H = -788 kJ
3. Leave reaction 3 unchanged: 2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 H₂O(g)... ∆H = -484 kJ
By adding reactions 2 and 3, we obtain the desired reaction:
CO(g) + H₂(g) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)... ∆H = -788 kJ + (-484 kJ) = -1272 kJ
Therefore, the value of ΔH for the given reaction is -1272 kJ.
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Order the following chemicals from lowest to highest melting point.
Copper (II) chloride
Lead
Tungsten
Caffeine
Silver
Sodium chloride
Answer:
Caffeine, lead, Copper(ii) chloride, Sodium chloride, silver and tungsten
Trimix is a breathing gas consisting of oxygen, helium and nitrogen and is used in deep commercial diving. A tank containing 1300torr O2, 4000N2 and He is prepared with a total pressure of 7000torr. What is the partial pressure of He in this tank
The partial pressure of helium in the tank is 1700torr.
First, let's calculate the partial pressure of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) in the tank:
Partial pressure of O2 = (Percentage of O2/100) * Total pressure
Partial pressure of O2 = (1300torr/7000torr) * 7000torr
Partial pressure of O2 = 1300torr
Partial pressure of N2 = (Percentage of N2/100) * Total pressure
Partial pressure of N2 = (4000torr/7000torr) * 7000torr
Partial pressure of N2 = 4000torr
Now, we can find the partial pressure of helium by subtracting the partial pressures of O2 and N2 from the total pressure:
Partial pressure of He = Total pressure - Partial pressure of O2 - Partial pressure of N2
Partial pressure of He = 7000torr - 1300torr - 4000torr
Partial pressure of He = 1700torr
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a solution is prepared by dissolving 99.7 g of nai in enough water to form 895 ml of solution. calculate the mass % of the solution if the density of the solution is 1.06 g/ml.
The mass % of the solution if the density of the solution is 1.06 g/ml is 10.51%
The mass of NaI = 99.7 g
Volume of the solution = 895 ml
Density of the solution = 1.06 g/ml
To calculate the mass % of the solution, we have to calculate the mass of the solution first.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for density is given by:
Density = Mass/Volume
Or,
Mass = Density × Volume
Now, we will calculate the mass of the solution.
Mass = Density × Volume
= 1.06 × 895= 948.7 g
Now, we will calculate the mass % of the solution.
Mass % = (Mass of solute/Total mass of solution) × 100
Mass of solute = 99.7 g
Total mass of solution = 948.7 g
Mass % = (99.7/948.7) × 100
= 10.51%
Therefore, the mass % of the solution is 10.51%.
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Why did J.J. Thomson reason that electrons must be a pare of the atoms of all elements?
A) Cathode rays are negatively charged particles
B) Cathode rays can be deflected by magnets
C) An electron is 2000 times lighter than a hydrogen atom
D) Charge-to-mass ratio of electrons was the same, regardless of the gas used
Answer:
a
Explanation:
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP!!! What are examples of Exothermic or Endothermic processes found at home?
Answer:
Explanation:
Example for Endothermic include melting ice cubes, cooking eggs, or baking breads.
Example for Exothermic include Burning candles, lighting match, or hot packs
Glacier striations (scrapings) were found in the deserts of Africa. What did Wegener suggest about these deserts long ago?
Wegener suggested that the deserts of Africa were once covered in ice and that the striations were formed by the movement of the ice across the desert floor.
Glacier striations are grooves or scratches in the bedrock that have been created by a glacier sliding over the surface. They are typically found in areas where the ice has melted away, revealing the bedrock beneath.
Wegener suggested that the deserts were once wetter and lusher. He proposed that the climate has gradually changed over time, making the deserts arider. This is supported by evidence of ancient riverbeds and lakes in the Sahara Desert.
Glacier striations can be used to help researchers learn about the history of a particular glacier and the climate in the area where it is located. For example, the direction of the striations can indicate the direction the glacier was moving and the depth of the striations can give clues about how deep the glacier was.
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can the atomic mass of an element vary? can the atomic mass of an element vary? no, it is fixed; otherwise a new element will be formed. yes. adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element. yes. adding or losing protons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element. yes. adding or losing electrons will substantially change the atomic mass.
Answer:Yes. Adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.
Explanation: Brainly
h2o how many molecules
Answer:
1 mole H2O has 6.02 × 10^23 molecules
Explanation:
What is the action of a catalyst
Answer: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up and remains chemically unchanged itself .
Explanation: For a reaction to take place the particles must collide with enough energy for bonds to break and reaction to occur .
BUT when a catalyst is present the reactants are able to react in a way that requires less energy ,leading to more successful collision so the reaction speeds up without the chemical composition of the catalyst being affected
NOTE: the catalyst must be chosen to suit the particular reaction
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2. The change in internal energy for the expansion of a gas sample is -4750 J. How much work is done if the gas sample loses 1125 J of heat to the surroundings? Is this work done by the gas or done by the surroundings?
Answer:
The work done by the gas expansion is 5875 J,
Since the work done is positive, the work is done by the gas on the surroundings.
Explanation:
Given;
change in internal energy, ΔU = -4750 J
heat transferred to the system, Q = 1125 J
The change in internal energy is given by;
ΔU = Q - W
Where;
W is the work done by the system
The work done by the system is calculated as;
W = Q - ΔU
W = 1125 - (-4750)
W = 1125 + 4750
W = 5875 J
Since the work done is positive, the work is done by the gas on the surroundings (energy flows from the gas to the surroundings).
Therefore, the work done by the gas expansion is 5875 J
Ionic compounds and polar-covalent compounds tend to dissolve in water because of: Why?
Answer:When you immerse an ionic compound in water, the ions are attracted to the water molecules, each of which carries a polar charge. If the attraction between the ions and the water molecules is great enough to break the bonds holding the ions together, the compound dissolves.
Explanation:
All of the following cleaning and disinfection guidelines are true about fan brushes EXCEPT:
a. rinse well
b. clean with acetone
c. preclean with soap and water
d. immersek in an approved EPA registered cleaner
I apologize, but without any specific cleaning and disinfection guidelines mentioned, it is impossible to determine if any statement is true or false.
It is important to refer to reliable sources and follow appropriate cleaning and disinfection protocols for different types of brushes, including fan brushes. Generally, fan brushes can be cleaned with mild soap and water, and disinfected with a solution of 70% alcohol or a disinfectant spray. It is important to thoroughly rinse and air-dry the brushes after cleaning and disinfection to prevent any residue from affecting the quality of the brush or causing skin irritation.
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Helppp ! Please :’)
Calculate the wavelength (in nanometers) of a photon emitted by a hydrogen atom when its electron drops from the n = 5 state to the n = 3 state.
Answer:
\( \boxed{\sf \lambda \: = 1.282 \times {10}^{ 3} nm}\)
Explanation:
Suppose an electron makes transition from n initial (ni) to n final (nf) then formula for wavelength is given by,
\( \frac{1}{ \lambda} = R_H {Z}^{2} \big(\frac{1}{{n_f^2}} - \frac{1}{{n_i^2}} \big)\)
Where,
λ is wavelength of photonRʜ is rydberg constant, the value of Rʜ is109690 Cm-¹ in Puri Sharma Pathania standard book of physical chemistry &
109737 Cm-¹ according to Wikipedia
Z is the atomic number of atom, for hydrogen Z =1,& according to given data, ni = 5, nf = 3
Solution:
Let's solve for wavelength,
Substituting all the given data in above formula,
\( \frac{1}{ \lambda} = 109690 \times {1}^{2} \big(\frac{1}{{3^2}} - \frac{1}{{5^2}} \big)\)
\( \frac{1}{ \lambda} = 109690 \times {1}^{2} \big(\frac{1}{{9}} - \frac{1}{{25}} \big)\)
\( \frac{1}{ \lambda} = 109690 \times {1}^{2} \times \frac{25 - 9}{25 \times 9} \)
\(\frac{1}{ \lambda} = 109690 \times {1}^{2} \times \frac{16}{225} \)
\( \frac{1}{ \lambda} = 7800.18 \: \: cm ^{ - 1} \)
\( \lambda = 1.282 \times {10}^{ - 4} cm\)
Now we know that, 1 cm = 10000000 nm,
Converting the wavelength from Cm → Nm
\( \lambda \: = 1.282 \times {10}^{ - 4} \times {10}^{7} \)
\(\lambda \: = 1.282 \times {10}^{ - 4 + 7} \)
\( \sf \lambda \: = 1.282 \times {10}^{ 3} nm\)
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Based on the balanced equation : 2 K + Cl2 → 2 KCl If you start with 4 K, how many KCl can you make?
The law of conservation of mass is obeyed by a balanced chemical equation. The number of moles of KCl produced from 4K is 4KCl.
What is a balanced chemical equation?An equation in which the amount of the reactants and products on both sides of the reaction are equal is defined as the balanced chemical equation. In a balanced equation the number of atoms of each element is same on both sides.
According to the law of conservation of mass, mass can neither be created nor be destroyed. All the balanced chemical equation satisfies this law.
Here when 4K is used the amount of KCl produced is given as:
4K + 2Cl₂ → 4KCl
Here there are 4 'K' atoms and 4 'Cl' atoms. Hence the number of the respective atoms are equal on both sides of the equation.
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what carbonyl compound and grignard reagent could be used to prepare 2-butanol?
To prepare 2-butanol using a carbonyl compound and a Grignard reagent, you could use acetone as the carbonyl compound and 2-bromobutane as the Grignard reagent. The reaction between acetone and 2-bromobutane in the presence of a strong base, such as lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), would yield 2-butanol as the main product.
What is 2-butanol?2-Butanol, also known as sec-butyl alcohol, is a secondary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H10O. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a slightly pungent, fruity odor. It is used as a solvent, a fuel additive, and in the production of chemicals such as butyl acetates, glycol ethers, and alkyd resins. It is also found in small amounts in some fruits and fermented foods. 2-Butanol is not as toxic as primary alcohols like methanol or ethanol, it is still considered a poison if ingested or inhaled in large amounts.
Thus, to prepare 2-butanol, acetone as the carbonyl compound and 2-bromobutane as the Grignard reagent could be used.
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please HELP!! will mark brainiest
What is the subscript charge?
Answer:
Lose 3
Explanation:
Aluminum has a full outer shall, ergo, when it forms an ion it can only lose.
Carl and Sally designed an experiment to compare and contrast the properties of compounds. After designing their experiment, Carl and Sally tabulated the data in the table seen here. Based on their data, compound B most likely represents.
A - a covalent compound
B- a metallic compound
C- an ionic compound
Based on the tabulated data, compound B represents B) a metallic compound. Hence, option B) a metallic compound is the correct answer.
What are metals ?Characteristics of metals are:
They have a high melting and boiling points.They are a very Good conductors of heat and electricity.They are malleable that is they can be made into different shapes without breaking.They are ductile that is they can be molded into wiring.They have luster They are sometimes magnetic.Because electrons are mobile in metallic solids , they are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metallic solids are also malleable and ductile due to the ability of the metal nuclei to move past each other without disrupting the bonding.
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Answer:an ionic compound
Explanation:
How to find the molar mass of FeCl3
The molar mass of FeCl3 is 162.2 g/mol.
To find the molar mass of FeCl3 (iron(III) chloride), you need to determine the atomic masses of the elements in the compound and add them up according to the number of atoms of each element in the formula.
The molar mass is expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).
The atomic masses of the elements in FeCl3 are:
Iron (Fe) = 55.85 g/mol
Chlorine (Cl) = 35.45 g/mol (the atomic mass of chlorine is based on its most abundant isotope, which has a mass number of 35)
The formula for iron(III) chloride is FeCl3, which indicates that there is one atom of iron and three atoms of chlorine in each molecule of the compound. Therefore, to calculate the molar mass of FeCl3, you can add up the atomic masses of one iron atom and three chlorine atoms:
Molar mass of FeCl3 = (1 x 55.85 g/mol) + (3 x 35.45 g/mol)
= 162.2 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of FeCl3 is 162.2 g/mol.
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The base peak in the mass spectrum of a ketone or aldehyde is often due to a alpha-fragmentation, or cleavage of the bond adjacent to the carbonyl group. This cleavage yields a(n) ________ ion, which has a high abundance bc it is ________ stabilized
The cleavage yields a carbonyl cation or "acylium" ion, which has a high abundance because it is resonance stabilized.
The ion that is formed as a result of alpha-fragmentation in a ketone or aldehyde mass spectrum is called the acylium ion. This ion is stabilized by resonance, which is why it is typically observed as the base peak in the mass spectrum. The acylium ion is a cationic species that contains a positive charge on the carbonyl carbon and a lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom. This charge distribution allows for resonance stabilization, as the positive charge can be delocalized across the carbonyl carbon and the adjacent carbon atom. The acylium ion is also a reactive intermediate that can undergo further fragmentation or reactions with other molecules. Overall, the observation of the acylium ion as the base peak in a ketone or aldehyde mass spectrum provides valuable information about the structure and stability of these compounds.
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solid barium iodide is slowly added to 125 ml of a sodium phosphate solution until the concentration of barium ion is 0.0463 m. the maximum amount of phosphate remaining in solution is
According to the question the maximum amount of phosphate remaining in solution is 5.6016 mol.
What is phosphate?Phosphate is an inorganic chemical compound that contains phosphorus, oxygen and other elements. It is a key component of DNA and RNA, and serves as an important energy source for cells and organisms.
To calculate the maximum amount of phosphate remaining in solution, we need to first determine the amount of barium iodide needed to reach the desired concentration of barium ion.
Using the equation:
Concentration of Barium Ion = Amount of Barium Iodide/Volume of Solution
We can calculate that the amount of barium iodide required is 0.0576 mol.
Next, we need to calculate the amount of phosphate that is consumed when the barium iodide is added. According to the solubility product of barium phosphate, the amount of phosphate that is consumed is equal to the amount of barium iodide added, 0.0576 mol.
Therefore, the maximum amount of phosphate remaining in solution is
125 ml x 0.0463 mol/L - 0.0576 mol
= 5.6016 mol.
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What are the spectator ions when k2s and mgcl2 are combines
The spectator ions of when k2s and mgcl2 are combined are 1. Cl- (aq) and 2. K (aq)
the balance equation of MgCl2 and K2S is as follows:
MgCl2(aq) + K2S(aq) ------> MgS(s) + 2KCl(aq)
the net ionic equation is as follows:
Mg 2+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) + 2K (aq) + S 2- (aq) = MgS(s) +2 Cl- (aq) + 2K (aq)
The overall reaction is as follows:
Mg 2+ (aq) + S 2- (aq) = MgS(s)
Thus the spectator ions are the following:
Cl- (aq)
K (aq)
If we compare the solutions before and after the reaction, sodium and nitrate ions are present in both the solutions. They do not undergo any chemical exchange at all. These ions are called spectator ions since they don't participate in the chemical reaction at all (they simply "watch").
Compare the reactant and product sides of the rewritten reaction and cross out the spectator ions. Any dissolved ions that appear in the same form on both sides are spectator ions.
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where are multivalent ions located on the periodic table
Multivalent ions are located in the right hand side of periodic table in a zig-zag order.
Multivalent ions are defined as the elements with more than one stable ion. Generally, Ionic compounds containing multivalent elements must have Roman numerals in their names in order to indicate which ions is forming that compound. Basically, the roman numeral is written in brackets after the element to indicate the charge
The Five Multivalent Metals present in the modern periodic table are copper. Cu 1+ copper(I) Cu 2+ copper(II) iron. Fe 2+ iron(II) Fe 3+ iron(III) mercury. Hg2 2+ mercury(I) Hg 2+ mercury(II) lead. Pb 2+ lead(II) Pb 4+ lead(IV) tin. Sn 2+ tin(II) sn 4+ tin(IV).
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can some kind soul help me plss
convert propanamine to propylalcohol
Answer:
Yeah
Explanation:
Propylene glycol can be dehydrated to propionaldehyde which can in turn be reductively aminated to propylamine.
Propionaldehyde can be converted to n-propyl amine in two steps.
Conversion of propionaldehyde to oxime
Propionaldehyde is treated with hydroxyl amine in weakly acidic medium to form imine product known as propionaldoxime.
CH₃CH₂CHO+NH₂OH->CH₃CH₂CH=N-OH+H₂O
Reduction of imine to form amine
In this step,propionaldoxime is reduced by proper reducing agent like Na in ethanol to form n-propyl amine.
CH₃CH₂CH=NO-Na-C₂H5OH-> CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂
It accounts for the differences in the behavior of particles in different states. *
Answer:
Matter
Explanation:
Solids, liquids, and gases are the three types of matter that can be found in the world around us today. In solids, all of the particles are close together. They move more in liquids, but they are spread out in gas.
1. Which type of matter has the molecules packed closer together?
a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gas
d. Plasma
2. Matter is made up of __________.
a. Molecules
b. Particles
c. Atom
d. All of them
3. Particles with more energy move ________ than particles with less
energy.
a. Slower and closer together
b. Slower and farther apart
c. Faster and farther apart
d. Faster and closer together
4. Which best describes the particles in a liquid?
a. More freely moving than a gas
b. More freely moving than a
solid
c. Less freely moving than a
solid
d. Completely unmoving
5. Which of the following statements describes a mass?
a. The force of attraction between two bodies.
b. The force of gravity exerts on a body of mass.
c. The amount of matter in an object.
d. The weight of the object from place to place.
Answer:
1. Solid
2. atom
3. faster and farther apart
4.more freely moving than a solid
5.The amount of matte in an object
Explanation:
Answer:
1. Solid
2. Atom
3. Faster and farther apart
4. More freely moving than a solid
5. The amount of matter in an object.
Provide two arguments on why you don't notice the land moving beneath you, defend your answer.
Answer:
The reference point is the ground.
Explanation:
•Moves slow that you don't notice hope this helps you :) god loves you :)
the atomic number of an element x is 14 and it's relative atomic mass is 28
To get the number of neutrons use the formula i.e. No. of neutrons=mass number-atomic number. Therefore , 28–14 = 14neutrons.
Which element has a relative atomic mass of 28?Silicon-28 atom is the stable isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 27.9769265.
How is relative mass determined?By multiplying the proton and neutron counts of the exact isotope that interests you, you may always find the relative mass of an element. For instance, an atom of carbon-12 has a relative atomic mass of 12 due to its composition of 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
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