Write the electron configuration for element 53. Use the noble gas notation.

The mass number of the daughter nuclide will remain the same as Thorium-234 (mass number 234). The correct answer is D. 234, 91.

When there are too many protons or neutrons in a nucleus, one of the protons or neutrons will turn into the other, which is known as beta decay. During beta minus decay, a neutron transforms into a proton, electron, and antineutrino.

A daughter nuclide is created when a neutron in the nucleus decays into a proton during beta decay. While the mass number stays constant, the atomic number rises by 1.

We know the daughter nuclide will have an atomic number one unit higher than thorium (atomic number 90) because thorium-234 (Th-234) undergoes beta decay. The daughter nuclide will continue to have the same mass number as thorium-234 (mass number 234).

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A mortar mixture of Portland cement, sand, and water, but no hydrated lime, would probably produce a mortar with lower workability and less durability.
Mortar is a mixture of cement, sand, and water that is used to bind bricks or stones together in construction. Hydrated lime is often added to the mixture to improve its workability and durability. Without the addition of hydrated lime, the mortar would have lower workability, meaning it would be harder to spread and work with. Additionally, it would have less durability, meaning it would not hold up as well over time and could potentially crack or crumble more easily. Therefore, it is important to include hydrated lime in the mortar mixture in order to produce a strong, long-lasting mortar.

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Answer:

\(\huge\boxed{\sf 14}\)

Explanation:

Atomic number = 13

Mass number = 27

= Mass number - Atomic number

= 27 - 13

\(\rule[225]{225}{2}\)

Answer:

Negative, because the potential energy of the reactants is higher than the potential energy of the products

Explanation:

Exothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat is released to surrounding. This is due to the fact that the heat content of the reactant is higher than the heat content of product thus producing a negative enthalpy change (ΔH) i.e

Enthalpy change = Heat of product – Heat of reactant

ΔH = Hp – Hr = negative

Considering the options given in the question above, the correct answer is:

Negative, because the potential energy of the reactants is higher than the potential energy of the products

The molarity of 5 grams of lead(IV) fluoride in 0.0888 L of solution is 3.84 M.

The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.

In this case, we are given that the mass of lead(IV) fluoride is 5 grams and the volume of the solution is 0.0888 L.

The number of moles of lead(IV) fluoride, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass of lead(IV) fluoride, which is 330.2 g/mol.

Number of moles of lead(IV) fluoride = 5 g / 330.2 g/mol = 0.01513 mol

Now, we can calculate the molarity using the formula:

Molarity (M) = Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution in L

Molarity (M) = 0.01513 mol / 0.0888 L = 3.84 M

Therefore, the molarity of 5 grams of lead(IV) fluoride in 0.0888 L of solution is 3.84 M.

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Formation of precipitate is usually an evidence of a chemical change. The precipitate is a new substance that gets created due a chemical reaction between two or more different substances.  The precipitate can be the formation of a solid within a liquid or the formation of a solid within a solid due to a chemical reaction or change. The solid formation within a liquid is known as precipitate. This kind of chemical reaction can be seen in normal and daily life, as well as in laboratories.

To calculate the molar solubility of lead thiocyanate (Pb(SCN)2) in pure water, we need to use its solubility product constant (Ksp). The Ksp value represents the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the compound into its constituent ions.

The balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of lead thiocyanate is Pb(SCN)2 ⇌ Pb2+ + 2SCN-

The Ksp expression for this reaction is:

Ksp = [Pb2+][SCN-]^2 Since lead thiocyanate is a sparingly soluble salt, we can assume that its dissociation is complete, which means the concentration of the lead (Pb2+) ions will be equal to the solubility of the compound (s). Thus, we can write the Ksp expression as:

Ksp = s * (2s)^2

Given that the Ksp value is not provided, The molar solubility is directly related to the square root of the Ksp value. Therefore, without the Ksp value, we cannot determine the molar solubility of lead thiocyanate in pure water.

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Answer:

1. Zinc

Zinc also plays a vital role in our body because it is the main component of all cells and also provides protection against microbes. It is also needed for the production of DNA and protein. Zinc is good to take when you are feeling sick with a cold or even a sore throat. But Zinc in excess amount can cause copper deficiency, upset stomach aches, and diarrhea

2.Iron

Iron is a major component of hemoglobin which is responsible for the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to all cells of the body. Women take to iron a lot to give them energy after childbirth because they become iron deficient. Iron in excess can have a negative effect on our body such as it causes liver disease (cirrhosis, cancer), heart attack, diabetes and sometimes it causes death.

Explanation:

Answer:wth does this even mean

Explanation:

Answer:

Yes, energy can be released when matter changes. In physical changes, such as phase changes, energy is released when changing from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. An example of this is when gaseous water condenses into the liquid phase.

Yes, energy is always either released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. This is because all chemical reactions involve energy. In any chemical reaction, energy is required to break the bonds in reactions, and energy is released when new bonds form after the reaction.

And no energy cannot change in matter or take place in which energy is neither releasedreased nor absorbed.

Explanation:

Rutherford conclusion was: Inside of the gold atom consists of empty spaces.

Rutherford theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.

This was famous Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment: he bombarded thin foil of gold with positive alpha particles (helium atom particles, consist of two protons and two neutrons).

Rutherford observed the deflection of alpha particles on the photographic film and notice that most of alpha particles passed straight through foil.

That is different from Plum Pudding model, because it shows that most of the atom is empty space.

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(i) The initial-boundary value problem for the given scenarios are as follows:

a) Scenario a:

PDE: ∂u/∂t = k * ∂²u/∂x²

Initial condition: u(x, 0) = 100 (boiling water temperature)

Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 10, u(L, t) = 10 (constant temperature at the ends)

b) Scenario b:

PDE: ∂u/∂t = k * ∂²u/∂x²

Initial condition: u(x, 0) = 100 (boiling water temperature)

Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 0 (temperature at x=0), ∂u/∂x(L, t) = 0 (thermal insulation at x=L)

(iii) The solution for the temperature distribution as time approaches infinity can be found by solving the appropriate steady state equation.

(i) The initial-boundary value problem formulation states the partial differential equation (PDE) governing the temperature distribution in the aluminum bar, along with the initial condition and boundary conditions.

In scenario (a), both ends of the bar are immersed in a medium with a constant temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, while in scenario (b), the end at x=0 is immersed in a medium with temperature 0 degrees Celsius and the end at x=L is insulated.

(ii) As time approaches infinity, the temperature distribution in the bar tends to reach a steady state.

In scenario (a), the temperature throughout the bar will eventually approach a constant value of 10 degrees Celsius, since both ends are immersed in a medium with that temperature.

In scenario (b), the temperature at x=0 will approach 0 degrees Celsius, while the temperature at x=L will remain constant due to thermal insulation.

(iii) To find the solution as time approaches infinity, we need to solve the appropriate steady state equation.

In scenario (a), the steady state equation is ∂²u/∂x² = 0, which implies that the temperature gradient is zero throughout the bar, resulting in a constant temperature of 10 degrees Celsius.

In scenario (b), the steady state equation is ∂²u/∂x² = 0 with the boundary condition u(0) = 0, which implies a linear temperature distribution from 0 degrees Celsius at x=0 to a constant temperature at x=L due to insulation.

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The atomic radius, Pauling ionic radius, and first ionization energy of Bromine (Br), Chlorine (Cl), Magnesium (Mg), and Sodium (Na) are given in the attachment.

A chemical element's atomic radius, which is typically the average or normal distance between the nucleus's center and the outermost isolated electron, serves as a gauge for the size of its atom.

Only by measuring the separation between the centers of two adjacent atoms and halving that distance can one determine the radius of an atom.

The ionic radius is the size of an ion.

The first ionization energy is the energy required to remove the first electron from an atom

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To produce a 0.40 M solution of KCl from a 0.15 M solution, you must add 1.53 grams of KCl.

To solve this problem, you need to use the formula for dilution, which is:

M1V1 = M2V2

where M1 and V1 represent the concentration and volume of the starting solution, and M2 and V2 represent the concentration and volume of the final solution.

Plugging in the values from the problem, we have:

M1 = 0.15 M

V1 = 500 mL

M2 = 0.40 M

V2 = ?

Solving for V2, we get:

V2 = M1V1 / M2 = (0.15 M)(500 mL) / (0.40 M) = 375 mL

Since 1 mL of water has a mass of 1 gram, you can use the volume of the final solution to calculate the mass of KCl you need to add:

Mass of KCl = (375 mL)(1 g/mL) = 375 g

Therefore, you need to add 1.53 grams of KCl to 500 mL of a 0.15 M KCl solution to produce a 0.40 M solution.

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Magnesium and calcium are 2nd group elements with 2 valence electrons. They are metals in room temperature and easily lose these electrons to nonmetals such as oxygen.

Magnesium is 12th element in periodic table. It is 2nd group element and is a called alkaline earth metals. Its group members are calcium, strontium, and barium.

They contains 2 valence electrons which can be easily lost to a non-metal. Oxygen is highly electronegative element and it contains 6 valence electrons and need two more electrons to achieve octet.

Al is 13th group element it is not as much electropositive as alkaline earth metals. It contains 3 valence electrons and thus it need to lose all these 3 electrons to achieve octet. Hence, Al is less reactive towards O2 in comparison with Mg and Ca.

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Answer:

When two or more atoms chemically bond together, they form a molecule. Sometimes the atoms are all from the same element. For example, when three oxygen atoms bond together, they form a molecule of ozone (O3). If a molecule forms from atoms of two or more different elements, we call it a compound.

Explanation:

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When a metal is subjected to pressure, such as a blow from a hammer, the metal cations easily slide past one another. This is due to the unique properties of metallic bonding and the arrangement of atoms in a metal lattice.

In a metal, the atoms are held together by metallic bonds, which are formed by the sharing of valence electrons among all the atoms in the lattice. These delocalized valence electrons move freely throughout the metal, creating a sea of electrons that surround and hold the metal cations together. The metal cations, which are positively charged ions, are arranged in a regular and repeating pattern within the lattice.

When pressure is applied to a metal, the metal cations are pushed closer together. However, due to the presence of the delocalized electrons, the metal cations can easily slide past one another without the crystal structure shattering. This ability of metal cations to slide past each other is known as plastic deformation, and it is a characteristic feature of metals.

The delocalized electrons act as a lubricant, reducing the resistance between the metal cations as they slide. This phenomenon allows metals to be malleable and ductile, meaning they can be bent, shaped, and drawn into wires without breaking.

It is important to note that during this process, there is no transfer of valence electrons from one metal atom to another. The delocalized electrons remain within the metal lattice, maintaining the metallic bonding. The movement of the valence electrons facilitates the flow of electrical current in metals, contributing to their high electrical conductivity.

In summary, when a metal is subjected to pressure, the metal cations easily slide past one another due to the presence of delocalized electrons. This property allows metals to be malleable and ductile, distinguishing them from other types of materials.

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Answer:

8.81849

Explanation:

i believe the whole number would be this but usually i round to the second decimal point, i dont know if you could do that in chemistry tho

When you use a soap or detergent to wash, the surfactant molecules will interact with the dirt and oils to help wash them away. During this interaction, something called a micelle is formed.

A micelle is a cluster of surfactant molecules that are formed when soap or detergent molecules are mixed with water. When soap or detergent is added to water, the hydrophobic tails of the molecules (which do not mix with water) cluster together, while the hydrophilic heads (which are attracted to water) point outwards towards the water.

Micelles are formed by the hydrophobic tails of the surfactant molecules clustering together in the center, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward.

The soap or detergent's molecules' hydrophobic tails attract oils and dirt, while the hydrophilic heads attract water molecules. The hydrophobic tails of the detergent molecules encircle the dirt and oil particles, while the hydrophilic heads point outward toward the water, creating a micelle.

The micelles disperse the dirt and oil particles throughout the water so that they can be washed away.

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5.8 grams of Be(OH)₂ is equivalent to 7.69 × 10²² particles. 2.9 moles of Be(OH)₂ is equal to 124.78 grams. 6.29 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O is equivalent to 18.81 grams. 7.91 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O is equal to 13.12 moles.

Apply the idea of Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³ particles per mole) and the molar masses of the provided compounds to resolve these molar conversion calculations. Let's go through each computation one by one:

Convert 5.8 grams of Be(OH)₂ to particles:

The molar mass of Be(OH)₂ must first be calculated by adding the atomic masses of all the constituent elements:

Be: 9.01 g/mol

O: 16.00 g/mol

H: 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass of Be(OH)₂ = (9.01 g/mol) + (16.00 g/mol × 2) + (1.01 g/mol × 2) = 43.03 g/mol

Now, determine the number of particles using the molar mass and Avogadro's number:

5.8 g × (1 mol / 43.03 g) × (6.022 x 10^23 particles / 1 mol) = 7.69 × 10²² particles

Thus, 5.8 grams of Be(OH)2 is equivalent to 7.69 × 10²² particles.

Convert 2.9 moles of Be(OH)₂ to grams:

Using the molar mass of Be(OH)₂ (43.03 g/mol), it is possible to convert moles to grams:

2.9 moles × (43.03 g/mol) = 124.78 g

Thus, 2.9 moles of Be(OH)₂ is equal to 124.78 grams.

Convert 6.29 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O into grams:

To convert particles of H₂O to grams, we need to determine the molar mass of H₂O:

H: 1.01 g/mol (there are two hydrogen atoms in H₂O)

O: 16.00 g/mol

Molar mass of H₂O = (1.01 g/mol × 2) + 16.00 g/mol = 18.02 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the mass in grams:

6.29 × 10²⁴ particles × (1 mol / 6.022 × 10²³ particles) × (18.02 g/mol) = 18.81 g

Therefore, 6.29 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O is equivalent to 18.81 grams.

Convert 7.91 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O to moles:

We can use Avogadro's number to convert particles to moles:

7.91 × 10²⁴ particles × (1 mol / 6.022 × 10²³ particles) = 13.12 moles

Thus, 7.91 × 10²⁴ particles of H₂O is equal to 13.12 moles.

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Answer:

exaggerate

Explanation:

There are many possible verbs for this.  I suggest exaggerate, but one many also consider:

"make a false claim"

"misrepresent"

Answer:

A climograph is a graphical representation of the climate of a particular location over a period of time. It typically shows the average temperature and precipitation for a specific location over the course of a year, with the temperature plotted on the y-axis and the months of the year plotted on the x-axis.

The primary function of a climograph is to provide a visual representation of the climate of a particular location, which can be useful for understanding the weather patterns and temperature ranges that are typical for that location. Climographs can also be useful for comparing the climate of different locations, as they provide a convenient way to see how temperature and precipitation patterns differ from one place to another.

It's the last one. They all have the same number of electrons in their outer ring. They're also called valence electrons.

Hope this helped!

To address the crevice corrosion issue in the high-pressure connectors and piping of the SWRO plant, several remedies can be considered, A SWRO (Sea Water Reverse Osmosis) plant is a water desalination facility that uses reverse osmosis technology to treat seawater or brackish water and produce freshwater

Material Selection: Evaluate the material compatibility with the operating conditions, especially the chloride ion concentration and temperature. Consider using corrosion-resistant alloys such as duplex stainless steel (e.g., 2205) or super duplex stainless steel (e.g., 2507) that have better resistance to chloride-induced corrosion compared to 316L or 317L stainless steel.

Surface Treatment: Apply appropriate surface treatments to enhance corrosion resistance. Passivation or pickling can remove surface contaminants and create a protective oxide layer on the metal surface, reducing the susceptibility to corrosion.

Design Modifications: Evaluate the design of the connectors and piping to minimize crevices and stagnant areas where corrosion can occur. Smooth transitions, avoiding sharp angles or crevices, can help promote better fluid flow and prevent the accumulation of corrosive substances.

Cathodic Protection: Implement cathodic protection methods, such as impressed current or sacrificial anodes, to protect the connectors and piping from corrosion. This technique involves introducing a more easily corroded metal (anode) to the system, which sacrifices itself to protect the connected metal (cathode) from corrosion.

Monitoring and Maintenance: Regularly monitor the corrosion levels and condition of the connectors and piping. Implement a maintenance program that includes periodic inspections, cleaning, and repairs, if necessary, to prevent corrosion from progressing.

It is important to consult with corrosion experts and engineers who specialize in SWRO plant operations to assess the specific conditions, perform material testing, and provide tailored solutions to mitigate the crevice corrosion problem effectively.

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Answer: The standard potential is  -0.141 V

Explanation:

To calculate the Gibbs free energy for given value of equilibrium constant we use the relation:

\(\Delta G=-RTlnK\)

where,

= standard Gibbs free energy = ?

R = Gas constant = 8.314 J/Kmol

T = temperature = 298 K

K = equilibrium constant =

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\(\Delta G=40853J\)

Also \(\Delta G=-nFE^0\)

where n = no of electrons gained or lost = 3

F = Faradays constant = 96500 C

\(E^0\) = standard potential = ?

\(40853=3\times 96500\times E^0\)

\(E^0=-0.141V\)

Thus the standard potential is -0.141 V

The different chemicals emit different colors of light because it will depends on the energy of the photons emitted.

The color of the light emitted will depends on the energy of the photons that is emitted. The emission of the photons take place when the electron jump from the higher energy state to the lower energy state. When the electrons comes to the lower energy state it will emits photons in form of the light.

The light emitted by the photons are different for the different chemicals because no two elements will have the same set of the energy levels.

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