Which among the following pairs is inefficient as buffer pair?
A) ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide
B) sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide
C) boric acid and sodium borate
D) potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate
E) potassium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid

Answers

Answer 1

Among the given pairs, the pair that is inefficient as a buffer pair is (B) sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide.

A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it. It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. For a pair to act as an efficient buffer, it needs to have a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. In the case of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), both compounds are strong electrolytes that dissociate completely in water. Sodium chloride dissociates into Na+ and Cl-, while sodium hydroxide dissociates into Na+ and OH-. Since neither NaCl nor NaOH have acidic or basic properties, they do not possess a weak acid-conjugate base or weak base-conjugate acid pair. Therefore, they cannot act as an efficient buffer pair. In contrast, options A, C, D, and E involve pairs that consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid, making them suitable as buffer pairs. They can effectively maintain the pH of a solution when small amounts of acid or base are added.  In summary, among the given options, the pair (B) sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide is inefficient as a buffer pair because both compounds are strong electrolytes without a weak acid-conjugate base or weak base-conjugate acid relationship.

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Related Questions

Plis respond all the questions there

Plis respond all the questions there

Answers

max ran father because he ran 100ft and molly ran 60ft

but molly ran faster because she ran in the least amount of seconds and max didnt

hope it helps. good luck on it

The change of state from a gas to a liquid. *
O evaporation
O condensation
O sublimation
O deposition

Answers

The process of a gas to a liquid is called condensation

Answer:

A, Condensation

Explanation:

I got it correct :)

please help me with my question ​

please help me with my question

Answers

What is the question?

The magnesium reacts with the hydrochloric acid to produce a gas and a salt.
What is the name of:
the gas?​

Answers

Answe r H2

Explanation:

Mg +HCl=MgCl2 +H2

Unit Test
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TIME REMAINING
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01:55:24
Which statement best describes the direction of heat flow by conduction between two samples of the same material?
Heat flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they are near.
Heat flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they collide.
Heat flows from slower molecules to faster molecules when they are near.
Heat flows from slower molecules to faster molecules when they collide.

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

edge 2021

According to the concept of conduction,heat  flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they collide.

Conduction is defined as a process as a means of which heat is transferred from the hotter end of the body to it's cooler end.Heat flows spontaneously from a body which is hot to a body which is cold.

In the process of conduction,heat flow is within the body and through itself.In solids the conduction of heat is due to the vibrations and collisions of molecules .

There are 2 types of conduction:1) steady state conduction 2) transient conduction.According to the type of energy conduction is of three types:

1) heat conduction

2) electrical conduction

3)sound conduction

Heat is transferred from faster to slower molecules when they collide , thus the correct option is that heat flows from faster molecules to slower molecules when they collide.

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Which of the following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity on the behavior of a molecular compound?

a. The physical properties of a molecular compound are directly related to molecular polarity.
b. A polar compound will experience stronger intermolecular forces than a non polar compound.

Answers

The following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity  is a) The physical properties of a molecular compound are directly related to molecular polarity.

b) A polar compound will experience stronger intermolecular forces than a non polar compound.

The following statements correctly describe the effect of molecular polarity on the behavior of a molecular compound are :

a) The physical properties of the  compounds is depends on the physical properties of the molecular compound such as the boiling point , the melting point , the solubility etc.

b) The polar compounds will have the stronger force of intermolecular attraction ,  the boiling point of the polar compound is high that's means it has strong intermolecular forces.

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Prediction is to nearness as Group of answer choices contingent is to noncontingent. Noncontingent is to contingent. Contiguous is to contingent. Contingent is to contiguous

Answers

Prediction is to nearness as non-contingent is to contingent.

Prediction refers to forecasting or estimating future events or outcomes. Nearness, in this context, may refer to the proximity or closeness of the prediction to the actual outcome. Non-contingent refers to something that is not dependent or conditional on other factors. Contingent, on the other hand, refers to something that is dependent or conditional on other factors.

So, in this comparison, it could be said that a prediction that is near or accurate would be considered non-contingent, while a prediction that is not accurate or is dependent on other factors would be considered contingent. It's important to note that this comparison is not absolute, as both prediction and non-contingent/contingent are broad concepts with many different contexts and nuances.

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Which of the following molecules is NOT part of the thin filament?A. actinB. titinC. troponinD. tropomyosin

Answers

The molecule that is NOT part of the thin filament is titin.

The other molecules listed, actin, troponin, and tropomyosin, are all part of the thin filament.

Myofilaments mostly come in two varieties. The two types of filaments are thin filaments and thick filaments.

The thin filaments have a diameter of 7-9 nm. They are joined to the striated muscle's z discs.

Actin, troponin, and tropomyosin are the three proteins that make up each thin filament.

However, the primary protein in the thin filament is actin.

The helical strands of the thin filament, now known as F actin (being fibrous), are made up of 300–400 globular actin molecules that are joined end to end. During the contraction phase, a myosin cross-bridge or head can bind to each actin molecule. Troponin is an additional protein found in the thin filament.

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The swimmer moves her hand down and to the left and her body goes forward
to the right. *

Which law ??

Answers

Answer:Newton’s first law

Explanation:

What patterns do you observe in the movement of the eight zebras that were tracked?

Answers

Answer:

a on and off stripe pattern of black and white

Explanation:

Which source helped the newly formed earth become a sphere in shape?

Answers

Answer:

rotation around its north-south axis. 

______cells have long projections that help carry electrical messages to other cells.
O striated
O nerve
O smooth
O muscle

Answers

Answer: Nerve cells!

its the nerve cell which carry electrical message to others cell.

The diagram shows a position (person) on Earth at 3:00 a.m. What is likely to happen to that position (person) in 12 hours? Select the best answer.
A. It will remain stationary.
B. It will rotate and be in the sun.
C. It will rotate and return away from the sun.

Answers

B.It will rotate and be in the sun.

plastic don't react with​

Answers

Answer:

Most plastic is chemically inert and will not react chemically with other substances -- you can store alcohol, soap, water, acid or gasoline in a plastic container without dissolving the container itself.

Explanation:

Answer:

Most plastic is chemically inert and will not react chemically with other substances -- you can store alcohol, soap, water, acid or gasoline in a plastic container without dissolving the container itself.

Explanation:

Hope it helps u

FOLLOW MY ACCOUNT PLS PLS

what is the name of the ionic compound made of beryllium and chlorine?

Answers

Answer:

beryllium chloride

Explanation:

Therefore a compound made from beryllium and chlorine will be named beryllium chloride.

recent advances in molecular engineering of redox active organic molecules for nonaqueous flow batteries

Answers

Recent advances in molecular engineering have allowed for the design and synthesis of redox-active organic molecules and polymers with improved performance in nonaqueous flow batteries. These advancements have led to higher energy storage capacity, improved stability, and more efficient energy conversion in flow battery systems.


One significant advancement in molecular engineering is the design and synthesis of tailor-made redox-active organic molecules. Researchers have been able to modify the chemical structure of these molecules to optimize their performance in nonaqueous flow batteries. By adjusting the functional groups, conjugation length, and backbone structure of the molecules, they can enhance their electrochemical properties and improve their stability and energy storage capacity.

For example, researchers have developed new classes of redox-active molecules, such as quinones and nitroxides, that exhibit high solubility in nonaqueous electrolytes and efficient redox processes. These molecules can undergo reversible redox reactions, allowing for efficient energy conversion and storage in flow battery systems.

Another important advancement is the use of molecular engineering to improve the solubility and stability of redox-active organic molecules. By introducing specific substituents or functional groups, researchers can enhance the solubility of the molecules in nonaqueous electrolytes, preventing precipitation and improving the overall performance of the battery.

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Compare and contrast the concepts of average mass and relative mass. Which one is more accurate, and why? Why is the one you did not choose inaccurate?

Answers

Answer:

Relative and average atomic mass both describe properties of an element related to its different isotopes.

Explanation:However, relative atomic mass is a standardized number that's assumed to be correct under most circumstances, while average atomic mass is only true for a specific sample.

Relative and average atomic mass both describe properties of an element related to its different isotopes. Out of these two Relative atomic mas is more accurate.

What is mass?

Mass defines the quantity of a substance. It is measured in gram or kilogram.  Average mass is the mass of atoms of an element that are isotopes.  It can be calculated by multiplying mass of a isotope to natural abundance of that isotope.

The relative mass is the mass that is with respect to mass of a matter that is considered as standard. In chemistry relative mass is equal to the mass of one-twelfth the mass of \(C-12\) isotope .

Out of relative and average atomic mass, relative atomic mass is more accurate as it is calculated with respect to a standard quantity.

Thus Relative atomic mass is more accurate than average atomic mass.

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Relative and average atomic mass both describe properties of an element related to its different isotopes.

Explanation: However, relative atomic mass is a standardized number that's assumed to be correct under most circumstances, while average atomic mass is only true for a specific sample.

i need the answers pleaseee! this is acids and bases for chemistry

i need the answers pleaseee! this is acids and bases for chemistry

Answers

Answer:

for pH 13 it = strong based the ph 2 is= weak acid

Explanation:

Describe the use of a filter funnel.

Answers

answer: a filter funnel is used to separate solids from liquid through a cone shaped filter placed inside the funnel.

You will use a filter funnel in this experiment to

Answer:

Separate cabbage from liquid

Assume we have 759 liters of N, at ST. What is the mass of the nitrogen gas? Give answers to the nearest whole number.

Answers

So, at STP, there are around 891 grammes of nitrogen gas in every 759 litres.

Which mass is greater, 14 or 15?

The two stable isotopes of naturally occurring nitrogen (7N) are nitrogen-14 and nitrogen-15, with nitrogen-14 constituting 99.6% of all naturally existing nitrogen. Along with one nuclear isomer, 11mN, fourteen radioisotopes with atomic masses ranging from 10 to 25 are also known.

Assuming "ST" refers to standard temperature and pressure (0°C and 1 atm), we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the mass of nitrogen gas:

PV = nRT

where n is the number of moles, P is the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature, and R is the gas constant.

The temperature and pressure are 273.15 K and 1 atm, respectively, at STP.

To solve for n, the number of moles, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation as follows:

n = PV / RT = (1 atm) * (759 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) * 273.15 K) = 31.8 mol

Now we can calculate the mass of nitrogen gas:

mass = n * molar mass = 31.8 mol * 28.01 g/mol ≈ 891 g.

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Explain why, if soil on a vehicle is in a clump, care
should be taken to keep the clump intact.

Answers

Answer:

it could harbor dangerous chemicals that damage the car if released

it could be holding parts together

it could have something dangerous inside

L-DOPA was used to treat which of the following "sleepy sickness" diseases in the 1970's, as showcased in the novel and film "Awakenings"? Your answer O a. Alzheimer's Ob.Encephalitis Lethargica OC. Goiter O d. Senioritis

Answers

L-DOPA was used to treat Encephalitis Lethargica, as depicted in the novel and film "Awakenings" in the 1970s.Option (b)

L-DOPA (levodopa) was indeed used to treat the patients suffering from Encephalitis Lethargica, commonly known as "sleepy sickness." This disease was characterized by symptoms such as excessive sleepiness, reduced movement, and sometimes a prolonged motionless state.

The novel and subsequent film "Awakenings" by Oliver Sacks depicted the use of L-DOPA in the 1970s to awaken and temporarily improve the condition of patients who had been in a catatonic state for decades due to Encephalitis Lethargica.

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Question Two: (3 points) For an FCC crystal: calculate the density of atoms (atoms/a² where a is the lattice constant) for the (100), (110) and (111) planes. az фоллоизобра

Answers

For an FCC crystal: calculate the density of atoms (atoms/a² where a is the lattice constant) for the (100), (110) and (111) planesThe unit cell of a FCC crystal is shown below:Here, each corner atom contributes 1 atom, and each face atom contributes 1/2 atoms.

For (100) plane:Length of unit cell along (100) plane direction = a Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²Density of atoms for (100) plane = 4 / a²For (110) plane:Length of unit cell along (110) plane direction = a√2Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a x a√2Density of atoms for (110) plane = 2 x 2 / (a x a√2) = 4√2 / a²

For (111) plane:Length of unit cell along (111) plane direction = a√3Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²√3/2 Density of atoms for (111) plane = 3 x 4 / (a²√3) = 4√3 / a²Hence, the density of atoms for the (100), (110) and (111) planes in an FCC crystal are as follows:For (100) plane: 4 / a²For (110) plane: 4√2 / a²For (111) plane: 4√3 / a².

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If you are given a piece of rock sugar about 2.5 cm in diameter, describe three steps you can take to dissolve it in a beaker of water in the shortest time.​

Answers

Answer:

1. Crush the sugar into powder.

2. Heat the water.

3. Dissolve it by stirring continuously

Explanation:

1. Crushing the sugar into powder increases surface area. So it increases the changes of dissolving

2. Heating the water increases the capacity of water to dissolve sugar.

3. Stirring continuously increases randomness of particles so eases mixing up thus increasing dissolving tendency.

54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation.
4Al+3O2 = 2Al2O3
O2: 32 g/mol Al2O3: 102 g/mol
How many grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2?

[?]g Al2O3

54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation.4Al+3O2 = 2Al2O3 O2: 32 g/mol Al2O3:

Answers

Answer:

136 g Al₂O₃

Explanation:

Assuming you do not need to find the limiting reactant, to find the mass of Al₂O₃, you need to (1) convert grams O₂ to moles O₂ (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles O₂ to moles Al₂O₃ (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients), and then (3) convert moles Al₂O₃ to grams Al₂O₃ (via molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given value (64.0 g).

Molar Mass (O₂): 32 g/mol

Molar Mass (Al₂O₃): 102 g/mol

4 Al + 3 O₂ -----> 2 Al₂O₃

64.0 g O₂           1 mole           2 moles Al₂O₃            102 g
-----------------  x  --------------  x  ------------------------  x   -------------  =  136 g Al₂O
                             32 g               3 moles O₂             1 mole

Answer:

Explanation:

Based of the fact that you were given 2 masses I would assume this to be a limiting reagent question. However amount on the left side both equal 2. Ignoring limiting reagents and focusing on just O2 the steps would be:

1. Make sure the equation is balanced ( already given)

2- Use given values to find the mols of O2 (mass/molar mass)

3. Mols are conserved but due to the coefficients the molar value from O2 must be divided by three and multiplied by 2 to ensure proper ratios

4. Using that amount the mass can derived using amount/molar mass

5. Use proper significant digits and units(3 in this case)

54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation.4Al+3O2 = 2Al2O3 O2: 32 g/mol Al2O3:

How do particles move when a transverse wave passes through a medium?
A. In wavelengths and amplitudes
B. Up to a crest, then down through a trough, then back
C. Through a compression followed by a rarefaction
D. Along circular or elliptical paths

Answers

Answer: In a transverse wave, particles of the medium vibrate up and down perpendicular to the direction of the wave. ... In a surface wave, particles of the medium vibrate both up and down and back and forth, so they end up moving in a circle.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

would you add to 1.5 l of this solution to completely eliminate the hard water ions (assuming complete reaction)?

Answers

This would be 1.5 * C moles of sodium carbonate. To completely eliminate the calcium ions, you would need to add an equal number of moles of sodium carbonate.  

To completely eliminate hard water ions, you would need to add a specific amount of a solution that can react with these ions. The exact amount depends on the concentration of the hard water ions and the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Let's assume that the hard water ions are calcium ions (Ca2+) and the solution you are adding is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), which can react with the calcium ions to form insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
First, determine the molar concentration of the hard water ions. If we assume the concentration is C mol/L, then the number of moles of calcium ions present in 1.5 L of the solution is 1.5 * C.
Next, find the stoichiometric ratio between the calcium ions and sodium carbonate. If the balanced equation is:
Ca2+ + Na2CO3 → CaCO3 + 2Na+,

we see that 1 mole of calcium ions reacts with 1 mole of sodium carbonate.
Therefore, to completely eliminate the calcium ions, you would need to add an equal number of moles of sodium carbonate. This would be 1.5 * C moles of sodium carbonate.
To convert moles to grams, multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of sodium carbonate. For example, if the molar mass of sodium carbonate is M g/mol, then the mass of sodium carbonate to add is (1.5 * C * M) grams.

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Compare the density values for the solid in part II. The actual density of our solid is 8.9 g/mL. Are the densities of the solid precise and accurate? Explain your answer.
[Answer on your own using the previous question as a guide.]


Part II: Density of Irregular-Shaped Solid – record volume with 1 place after the decimal
Mass of solid (g) [4]
38.951
43.830
41.418
Volume of water (mL) [5]
52.0
51.2
52.4
Volume of water and solid (mL) [6]
56.5
56.1
57.1

Answers

The values are not precise but they are accurate because they are all close to the true value of 8.9 g/mL.

What is the density?

The density of a solid refers to the ratio of the mass to the volume of the object. This ratio is an intrinsic property because we could use it to identify a substance. In this case, the density of a substance can tell us exactly what the substance is.

Now let us try to obtain the density of the object in each case;

Case 1 = 38.951/56.5 - 52.0 = 8.7 g/mL

Case 2 = 43.830/56.1 - 51.2 = 9.1 g/mL

Case 3 = 41.418/ 57.1 - 52.4 = 8.8 g/mL

It is clear that the values are not precise but they are accurate because they are all close to the true value of 8.9 g/mL.

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A liquid with high viscosity _____ flow easily and _____ effective in wetting a surface.

Answers

A liquid with high  viscosity does not flow easily and is not effective in wetting a surface.

When a metal is subjected to corrosive elements including salt, moisture, and high temperatures, a reaction called corrosion takes place inside the metal. Some foods contain metallic compounds that can corrode a material. The majority of corrosion is simply surface dis-colouration, which polishing agents may quickly remove.

Increasing viscosity and constant intermolecular water bonding together result in surface tension. Any liquid that was more viscous than water possessed a surface tension that was equal to or lower than that of water. Viscosity with surface tension decrease when temperature rises.

Therefore, a liquid with high viscosity does not flow easily and is not effective in wetting a surface.

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a chemist determined by measurements that 0.020 moles of tin participated in a chemical reaction. calculate the mass of tin that participated in the chemical reaction. round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Answers

Mass of tin = moles of tin x molar mass of tin

Mass of tin = 0.020 mol x 118.7 g/mol

Mass of tin = 2.37 g

Therefore, the mass of tin in the chemical reaction is 2.37 g.

What happens when you heat the tin?

If tin is heated, it cracks. This is caused by crystals rubbing against each other. This characteristic crackle is heard if a piece of tin is simply bent. Tin is very malleable and ductile.

What are some properties of Tin?

Some properties of tin is that it amphoteric. On reacting with both strong bases and strong acids with the evolution of hydrogen occurs. With sodium hydroxide solution, tin forms Na2[Sn(OH)6]. The reaction with acids is slow in the absence of oxygen.

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