What is the Vertex-Cover problem? Does P NP? - For a given set of Vertices can the answer be checked in P or NP time? What data structure could we use for E'? Is there anyway we can organize E' better to make line 6 faster? What was the importance of showing how a solution to Vertex Cover could be used to solve the Clique problem? What is the com ement of a graph? Can we use Approx-Vertex-Cover to find a Vertex Cover of a specific size? What would it mean if we could use Approx-Vertex-Cover to find a Vertex Cover of a specific size? APPROX-VERTEX-COVER (G) 1 C = 0 2 E' = G.E 3 while E' 0 4 let (u, v) be an arbitrary edge of E' C = CU{u, v} 5 6 remove from E' every edge incident on either u or v 7 return C
Answers
The Vertex-Cover problem is NP-complete, and it asks whether there exists a vertex cover of a certain size in a given graph.
What is the Vertex-Cover problem and its complexity?The Vertex-Cover problem is a computational problem in graph theory that asks whether there exists a vertex cover of a certain size in a given graph. A vertex cover is a subset of vertices in which every edge in the graph is incident to at least one vertex in the subset.
The complexity of the Vertex-Cover problem is known to be NP-complete, which means that no known polynomial-time algorithm exists to solve it. It is an important problem in the field of computational complexity theory, particularly in the study of NP-completeness.
For a given set of vertices, checking whether it forms a vertex cover can be done in polynomial time, falling under the class P. The algorithm iterates through the edges of the graph and verifies if each edge is incident to at least one vertex in the given set.
The data structure that could be used for E', which represents the set of edges in the graph, is typically an adjacency list or an adjacency matrix. These data structures allow efficient access to the edges incident to a particular vertex.
To make line 6 faster, we can organize E' in a way that enables efficient removal of edges incident on either u or v. This can be achieved by using a data structure such as a hash table or a binary search tree, which allows for fast removal of elements.
The importance of showing how a solution to the Vertex-Cover problem can be used to solve the Clique problem lies in the fact that these two problems are closely related. A vertex cover in a graph corresponds to a clique in the complement graph (where edges are present between non-adjacent vertices). By establishing this connection, it becomes possible to use algorithms and insights from one problem to solve the other.
The comment of a graph refers to additional information or annotations associated with the graph. It can include details about the graph's properties, its purpose, or any other relevant notes.
Approx-Vertex-Cover is an approximation algorithm that provides an approximate solution to the Vertex-Cover problem. It may not find an optimal vertex cover, but it guarantees to find a vertex cover that is within a certain factor of the optimal solution. However, it does not specifically find a vertex cover of a specific size.
If we could use Approx-Vertex-Cover to find a vertex cover of a specific size, it would imply that we have a more efficient algorithm for solving the Vertex-Cover problem. This would have significant implications for computational complexity theory, potentially suggesting that the problem lies in a different complexity class than currently known.
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Related Questions
which xxx completes countprobation( ) to return the number of students with a gpa below parameter lowgrade? public class roster { private arraylist studentlist; public int countprobation(double lowgrade) { int count
Answers
To complete the `countProbation()` method in the `Roster` class to return the number of students with a GPA below the parameter `lowGrade`, you can use the following code:
```java
public class Roster {
private ArrayList<Student> studentList;
public int countProbation(double lowGrade) {
int count = 0;
for (Student student : studentList) {
if (student.getGPA() < lowGrade) {
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
}
```
In the code above, we iterate through each `Student` object in the `studentList` ArrayList. For each student, we check if their GPA (accessed using the `getGPA()` method) is less than the `lowGrade` parameter. If it is, we increment the `count` variable. Finally, we return the `count` variable, which represents the number of students with a GPA below the `lowGrade` threshold.
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What potential downsides can you see to Face book’s Groups for Schools initiative
Answers
Answer:
Probably hate speech, and invasion of privacy on face book xD
With respect to iot security, what term is used to describe the digital and physical vulnerabilities of the iot hardware and software environment?
a. Traffic Congestion
b. Device Manipulation
c. Attack Surface
d. Environmental Monitoring
Answers
Answer: Answer Surface
Explanation:
1) Man should feed ______ to a computer in order to improve the efficiency of computer vision.
pls plz help me
Answers
Answer:images
Explanation:i saw this on the quizlet for my school
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
How can aspiring illustrators hone their skills?
Aspiring illustrators can hone their talent and skills using _____________ software.
Help asap
100 POINTS
Answers
Answer:
Aspiring illustrators can hone their talent and skills using Adobe Illustrator software.
Explanation:
By using this software we enroll graphics for out Television.Computer etc ..You want to create a new user account on a Windows system that can create and edit private files, start and stop the system, install applications, and add new device drivers. Which group should this user be a member of?
Answers
To have access to functions like creating and editing private files, starting and halting the system, installing programmes, and adding new device drivers, the user must belong to the "Administrators" group.
Users who belong to the "Administrators" group in Windows have full access to the system's resources, including the ability to install programmes, modify system settings, and control user accounts. Members of this group have complete control over the system and are able to carry out functions that are inaccessible to regular users, such as managing device drivers, editing system files and registry keys, and reading system logs. Due to the increased risk of security breaches and system faults brought on by granting too many users this level of access, it is advised to keep the number of users who belong to this group to a minimum.
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Which security feature in windows 10 prevents malware by limiting user privilege levels?.
Answers
"User Account UAC" is a security thing in Windows 10 that prevents malware besides limiting user privilege levels.
What is defined as the term user privilege levels?Privilege levels allow you to specify which commands consumers can issue after logging into a network device."
Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) has 16 privilege levels ranging from 0 to 15. Users with lower privilege levels have access to fewer commands than those with higher privilege levels.User Account Control (UAC) is a generic term term for a group of technologies that make it easier to use Windows with fewer privileges, such as registry as well as file virtualization, honesty levels, and elevation prompts. Protected Administrator (PA) accounts were created with consumers in mind, enabling Windows to be utilized with standard user privileges most of the time, and yet privileges can be elevated to filled administrator rights without the need for a separate user account's credentials. If the served its purpose the elevation request, UAC adds the necessary rights to the user's security token.Thus, "User Account UAC" is a security thing in Windows 10 that prevents malware besides limiting user privilege levels.
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Set the last data point (March Net Income) as a total. CIS 250 Practice 2-3: Excel Chapter 3 (2019v1)
Answers
Choose the cells that you want to turn into a table. Click Format as Table under the Styles group on the Home menu. Select the style you want to use by clicking it in the Table Styles gallery.
It is the true data generated from a measurement or investigation, and it can be displayed as a numerical data point, a statistical display, or a graph in a statistical or analytical context. A data point can simply be a number, word, or even actual object. The maximum and minimum values in the data set, the lower and upper quartiles, and the median make up a summary's five values. These values are shown collectively and in ascending order.
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Most jet engines today use what type of design?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The 5 Main Types of Aircraft Jet Engines
Turboprop Engine.
Turbojet Engine.
Turboshaft Engine.
Turbofan Engine.
Ramjet Engine.
qbasic write a program to input number of keyboard to purchase and display the total amount to be paid for with dry run and output step by step
Answers
Answer:
DIM cost, amount
cost=8
INPUT "How many do you want to purchase";amount
PRINT "Total cost: ";amount*cost
Explanation:
What do you mean by dry run?
Draw Lewis structures of the following, giving formal charges where applicable. In each case, the first atom is the central atom. Then give the molecular geometry of the compound and indicate whether it would have a net dipole or not. CBr
2
F
2
NCl
3
2. Draw reasonable resonance structures for SO
3
2−
. Give the average bond length and average charge. 3. Which would you expect to have the biggest dipole: CF
4
or CHF
3
or CH
2
F
2
? Explain your reasoning. 4. Indicate which would best meet the description and explain your reasoning: 3. Strongest base: HSO
4
∘
or HSO
3
∗
Strongest base: PH
2
∗
or NH
2
∗
Answers
CF4 would have the largest dipole moment.This is because CF4 is a tetrahedral molecule with four polar C-F bonds pointing towards the four corners of the tetrahedron.
Which compound among CF4, CHF3, and CH2F2 would have the largest dipole moment?1. Lewis structures and molecular geometry of CBr2F2, NCl3, and molecular dipole:
CBr2F2: The Lewis structure of CBr2F2 consists of a carbon atom in the center bonded to two bromine atoms and two fluorine atoms. The carbon atom has two lone pairs of electrons. The molecular geometry is tetrahedral, and it has a net dipole moment due to the unequal distribution of the electronegativity of the atoms. NCl3: The Lewis structure of NCl3 shows a nitrogen atom in the center bonded to three chlorine atoms. The nitrogen atom has one lone pair of electrons. The molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal, and it has a net dipole moment due to the asymmetrical arrangement of the chlorine atoms and lone pair.2. Resonance structures, average bond length, and average charge of SO3^2-:
Reasonable resonance structures for SO3^2- include the delocalization of the double bonds between sulfur and oxygen atoms. This results in three equivalent resonance structures. The average bond length of the S-O bonds in SO3^2- is shorter than a single bond but longer than a double bond. The average charge on each oxygen atom is -2/3.
3. Comparing dipole moments of CF4, CHF3, and CH2F2:
Among CF4, CHF3, and CH2F2, CF4 would have the biggest dipole moment. This is because CF4 is a tetrahedral molecule with four polar C-F bonds pointing towards the four corners of the tetrahedron. In contrast, CHF3 and CH2F2 have different molecular geometries that result in the cancellation of dipole moments, making them less polar overall.
4. Determining the strongest base between HSO4^- and HSO3^-:
HSO3^- is the stronger base compared to HSO4^-. This is because HSO3^- can easily donate a proton, forming H2SO3 (sulfurous acid). On the other hand, HSO4^- is a weak base as it requires a more significant loss of a proton to form H2SO4 (sulfuric acid).
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The program gets an input value into variable numBaths. Write code that outputs the value of variable numbaths. End with a newline.
Answers
The code that that outputs the value of variable numbaths when the program gets an input value into variable numBaths. will be;
#include <iostream>
int main() {
int numBaths;
std::cin >> numBaths;
std::cout << numBaths << std::endl;
return 0;
What is a program?A program is a predetermined set of sequential activities that a computer is programmed to carry out. The computer executes the program's one-at-a-time series of instructions. The application is often stored in a location that the computer can access.
A program, or software program, is a set of instructions that tells a computer's hardware how to carry out a task. In this case, the code is depicted above.
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CALCULATE THE MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE (M.A.).
DATA: R= 85 Kg; a= b/3; L= 8 m
The answer has 2 decimals.
Answers
The mechanical advantage (M.A.) of the lever system is calculated to be approximately 0.33.
To calculate the mechanical advantage (M.A.) of the lever system,
Therefore, the mechanical advantage (M.A.) of the lever system is approximately 0.33.
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The complete question may be like:
A lever system consists of a resistance (R) of 85 kg, an effort arm (a) equal to one-third of the distance (b), and a total length (L) of 8 meters. Calculate the mechanical advantage (M.A.) of the lever system, rounding the answer to two decimal places.
which statements compares the copy and cut commands
Answers
The statement that accurately compares the copy and cut commands is 2)Only the cut command removes the text from the original document.
When using the copy command, the selected text is duplicated or copied to a temporary storage area called the clipboard.
This allows the user to paste the copied text elsewhere, such as in a different location within the same document or in a separate document altogether.
However, the original text remains in its original place.
The copy command does not remove or delete the text from the original document; it merely creates a duplicate that can be pasted elsewhere.
On the other hand, the cut command not only copies the selected text to the clipboard but also removes it from the original document.
This means that when the cut command is executed, the selected text is deleted or "cut" from its original location.
The user can then paste the cut text in a different place, effectively moving it from its original location to a new location.
The cut command is useful when you want to relocate or remove a section of text entirely from one part of a document to another.
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Question: Which statement compares the copy and cut commands?
1. only the copy command requires the highlighting text
2. only to cut command removes the text from the original document
3. only the cut command uses the paste command to complete the task
4. only the copy command is used to add text from a document to a new document
consider the following numeric values. binary 1011 binary 1101 decimal 5 decimal 12 which of the following lists the values in order from least to greatest? responses decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101 decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101 decimal 5, decimal 12, binary 1011, binary 1101 decimal 5, decimal 12, binary 1011, binary 1101 decimal 5, binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 12 decimal 5, binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 12 binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 5, decimal 12
Answers
We need to convert them to the same base before making comparisons. In this case, we converted the Binary values to their decimal equivalents for easier comparison.
we need to first understand the values of binary and decimal numbers. Binary is a base 2 numbering system, meaning it only uses two digits (0 and 1) to represent any number. Decimal, on the other hand, is a base 10 numbering system, meaning it uses ten digits (0 through 9) to represent any number.
Now, let's compare the given values. Binary 1011 represents the decimal value 11. Binary 1101 represents the decimal value 13. Decimal 5 is the same in both numbering systems, and decimal 12 is larger than both binary 1011 and decimal 5 but smaller than binary 1101.
Therefore, the correct order from least to greatest is: decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101. This is the first option provided in the list of responses.
It's important to note that when comparing numbers with different bases, we need to convert them to the same base before making comparisons. In this case, we converted the binary values to their decimal equivalents for easier comparison.
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write a program asking for the user to input his name and marks in computer. If marks are greater than 40,then display a message saying you have passed in computer. otherwise you display you have failed in computer.
Answers
Answer: We can enter the mark into our c program and the script will try to find out the grade by using a series of else if condition checking. Each if else condition checks for a mark for a particular grade and if it is TRUE then all other checkings ( else if ) are omitted.
Getting the Grade by using input mark in C programming by using if else condition check
When reading electronic texts, it is important to _____.
a) set a purpose for research before reading
b) evaluate the reliability of the source
c) only read texts that support your own point of view
d) look for texts that have strong opinions on a subject
Answers
Answer:
b) evaluate the reliability of the source
A device is sending out data at the rate of 1000 bps. A. How long does it take to send out 10 bits? b. How long does it take to send out a single character (8 bits)? c. How long does it take to send a file of 100,000 characters?.
Answers
Answer:
0.01s, 0.008s, 800s.
Explanation:
To send 10 bits at 1000 bps, it would take 0.01 seconds.
To send a character that is 8 bits, it would take 0.008 seconds.
To send out 100,000 characters, it would take 800 seconds (just over 13 minutes).
Note that a good internet speed is 25Mbps, or 2.5e+7 bps.
pls answer dis question when i'm not connected and i open bluestacks 5 it will be working but if i am connected it wil not work again. Pls how can i fix it
I will give u 100 pts if u answer my question
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
idek man your guess is as good as mine
In an ssl data packet, the field that indicates whether the packet carries data, an alert message, or is negotiating the encryption key is:__________
Answers
The field that indicates whether the packet carries data, an alert message, or is negotiating the encryption key is "Content Type."
The data transmitted over SSL connection is contained in a series of records, which are then broken down into fragments for transmission. Each record contains a header that contains information such as the length and type of the data, as well as a data field that contains the actual data. The Content Type field, which is a part of the SSL/TLS Record header, specifies the type of the message it carries.
The value of this field may indicate that the packet carries data, is an alert message, or is negotiating the encryption key. There are three types of messages: Handshake messages are used to establish a secure connection between the client and server.
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vious
16
Pretest: Successful an
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
recovery services.
Toject
involve a third-party service provider that provides
involve the immediate delivery of ready-to-ship systems to a company in cases of disaster.
is the most expensive disaster recovery plan, whereas
results in the longest system downtime.
Answers
An organization's comprehensive disaster recovery (DR) strategy outlines in great detail how to deal with unanticipated events including natural disasters, power outages, cyberattacks, and other disruptive occurrences.
Thus, In order for an organization to continue operating or swiftly resume critical functions, the plan includes tactics to reduce the effects of a disaster.
Disruptions can result in lost sales, harm to a company's reputation, and disgruntled clients; the longer it takes to recover, the more detrimental the effect on the company's bottom line.
Therefore, regardless of the cause of the disruption, a strong disaster recovery strategy should enable quick recovery.
Thus, An organization's comprehensive disaster recovery (DR) strategy outlines in great detail how to deal with unanticipated events including natural disasters, power outages, cyberattacks, and other disruptive occurrences.
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What is Internet Service Provider ?
Answers
Answer:
A company that provides subscribers with access to the internet.
Explanation:
Answer:
A company that supplies wifi service to access, use or participate in the internet.
Explanation:
Some examples would be Comcast, Verizon, Time Warner or ISP.
To print preview a document, navigate to the _____ tab and select the Print option. File Page Design View Insert
Answers
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
The process of viewing the print preview option in MS word is as follows -
a) First of all click on the File tab
b) After clicking on file tab, click on the print button at the left hand side
c) In the new tab that open up after clicking on the print button will provide an option of print preview.
Hence, option A is correct
Answer:
b. page layout
Explanation:
Describa la clasificación de los recursos educativos digitales abiertos. vea este video, para hacer eso
Answers
hola una pregunta dónde está el vídeo ?
hola una pregunta dónde está el vídeo ?
What type of degree do web masters tend to have?
at least a master’s degree, possibly a Ph.D
at least a bachelor’s degree, possibly a master’s degree
at least an associate's degree, possibly a bachelor’s degree
at least a high school diploma, possibly an associate's degree
Answers
Answer:
so whats the answer?
Explanation:
Answer: A. at least a bachelor's degree
Explanation:
what is pirating means in technical terms?
Answers
Answer:
the illegal copying, distribution or use of software
Pirating refers to the unauthorized copying, distribution, or use of copyrighted material, such as software, music, movies, or books, without the permission of the copyright holder.
Here,
In technical terms pirating refers to the unauthorized copying, distribution, or use of copyrighted material.
This can include activities such as downloading or sharing copyrighted content without paying for it or using cracks to bypass licensing or copy protection mechanisms.
Pirating is considered illegal and unethical because it infringes upon the rights of the copyright holder and can result in legal consequences.
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What version of windows 8.1 does not have the ability to lock the hard drive so that it is unusable if removed from a laptop?
Answers
The version of windows 8.1 that does not have the ability to lock the hard drive so that it is unusable if removed from a laptop is known to be Windows 8.1 Core.
What is Windows 8.1 Core?Windows 8 (is known to be a window that is known to be called referred to as Windows 8 (Core) to set it apart from the OS itself.
Note that is seen as the basic form of Windows for the IA-32 and x64 architectures.
Hence, The version of windows 8.1 that does not have the ability to lock the hard drive so that it is unusable if removed from a laptop is known to be Windows 8.1 Core.
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Working with text in presentation programs is very ____ using text in other applications.
A.) different from
B.) similar to
Answers
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
Because you are using text in both.
Hope this helps!
How is COBIT used for evaluating ITGCs?
Answers
COBIT helps organizations assess ITGCs by focusing on key areas such as risk management, resource optimization, and compliance with relevant regulations.
The steps to use COBIT for evaluating ITGCsTo use COBIT for evaluating ITGCs, organizations typically follow a structured approach that involves several steps.
First, they identify the ITGCs that are relevant to their business processes and risks. These could include controls related to access management, change management, backup and recovery, and others.
Next, they use COBIT to define the control objectives and activities that are required for each ITGC. This involves mapping the ITGCs to specific COBIT domains, such as Planning and Organization, Acquisition and Implementation, Delivery and Support, or Monitoring and Evaluation.
Once the control objectives and activities have been defined, organizations can use COBIT to assess whether the controls are operating effectively. This may involve performing tests of controls, reviewing documentation, and interviewing key personnel.
Finally, organizations can use COBIT to identify any gaps or weaknesses in their ITGCs and develop a plan to remediate them. This could involve implementing new controls, improving existing controls, or modifying business processes to reduce risk.
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Edhesive 6.8 lesson practice
question 1: a ____________ variable is available throughout a program.
question 2:
val = 25
def example():
global val
val = 15
print (val)
print (val)
example()
print (val)
what is output?
question 3:
val = 50
def example():
val = 15
print (val)
print (val)
example()
print (val)
what is output?
Answers
For question 1, the answer is "global" as a global variable is available throughout a program.
For question 2, the output will be "15 15 15" as the variable "val" is declared as global within the function "example()" and then reassigned a value of 15 before being printed three times.
For question 3, the output will be "15 15 50" as the variable "val" is declared and assigned a value of 50 outside the function "example()", but a new local variable "val" is declared and assigned a value of 15 within the function and printed twice before the original "val" value of 50 is printed.
Here are the answers to your questions: 1. A global variable is available throughout a program, meaning it can be accessed and modified by any part of the code. 2. In the given code, the output will be:
15
15
15
This is because the 'global val' statement inside the 'example()' function makes 'val' a global variable, changing its value to 15 and then printing it twice. Finally, the last 'print(val)' statement outside the function also prints the modified value of 15.
3. In this code, the output will be:
15
15
50
The 'example()' function has a local variable 'val' with a value of 15, so when it prints, it prints 15 twice. However, the last 'print(val)' statement outside the function refers to the global variable 'val' with a value of 50, so it prints 50.
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