The Kingdom of Karhide and the Commensal of Orgoreyn are engaged in a dispute over the Sinoth Valley. The King of Karhide is either Aggressive (probability p = 2/3) or Rational (probability 1 − p.) The King of Karhide sees his type and then decides if he want to Mobilize his military, or leave it Unmobilized. The Commensal sees whether the Karhide military is mobilized or Un- mobilized, but not the King of Karhide’s type. She then decides if she wants to Back down, or Stand tough. Backing down always gives the Commensal a payoff of zero. Standing tough gives the Commensal a payoff of −1 if the King is Aggressive, and 1 if the King is Rational. The King starts with a payoff of zero and adds 0 to his payoff if the Commensal Stands tough, and 3 if she backs down. An aggressive King adds 2 to his payoff for Mobilizing and zero for staying Unmobilized. A rational King adds 2 for staying Unmobilized, and 0 for Mobilizing.
a) Draw the extensive form game.
b) What are the extensive form strategies for each player?
c) Find the set of Perfect Bayes Nash Equlibrium outcomes. For each such outcome, include con- ditional beleifs which support that outcome.
Answers
a) The extensive form game can be represented as follows:
```
/ Mobilize / Stand tough
/ /
/ /
Aggressive Unmobilized King of Karhide
\ \
\ \
\ Mobilize \ Stand tough
\ \
\ \
Rational Unmobilized
Commensal of Orgoreyn
```
b) The extensive form strategies for each player are as follows:
King of Karhide: Choose between Aggressive or Rational, then choose between Mobilize or Unmobilized.
Commensal of Orgoreyn: Choose between Back down or Stand tough.
c) The set of Perfect Bayes Nash Equilibrium outcomes and their corresponding conditional beliefs are as follows:
Outcome 1: (Aggressive, Mobilize) and (Stand tough)
Conditional belief: The Commensal believes there is a 2/3 probability that the King is Aggressive and a 1/3 probability that the King is Rational.
Outcome 2: (Rational, Unmobilized) and (Stand tough)
Conditional belief: The Commensal believes there is a 1/3 probability that the King is Aggressive and a 2/3 probability that the King is Rational.
In both outcomes, the King's strategy is optimal given the Commensal's strategy, and the Commensal's strategy is optimal given the King's strategy.
Learn more about Perfect Bayes Nash Equilibrium outcomes here:
https://brainly.com/question/31795061
#SPJ11
Related Questions
Which of the following could make it difficult for you to believe that your needs are as important as the needs of others:
A. You have developed a lot of self-respect. B. You choose your own behavior. C. You are an assertive person. D. You are often around aggressive people.
Answers
What makes it hard for you to believe that your needs are as important as anyone else's is D. You are often around aggressive people
Human needs are something that is needed by humans, or human desires that must be fulfilled, in order to achieve spiritual and physical satisfaction for their survival. This need can be in the form of goods or services. Basically every human being has their own needs which are equally important, be it primary, secondary, tertiary, physical or spiritual needs.
One of the things that causes us to be unable to recognize our own needs is that we are often around aggressive people. Aggressiveness is a behavior that often has a negative impact on oneself and others and the environment. Aggressive people will have a negative impact on us. if we are too often around them, we tend to find it difficult to know that we are just as important as other people, as well as our needs are as important as the needs of others.
Learn more about aggressive people at:
https://brainly.com/question/13122345?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
Read the first four paragraphs (1-4) of the above comprehension passage and write a summary.
Your summary should be one-third (1/3) of the original text.
Our current educational system focuses on preparing today’s youth to get good jobs by developing scholastic skills. Their lives will revolve around their wages. Many will study further to become engineers, scientists, cooks, police officers, artists, writers, and so on. These professional skills allow them to enter the workforce and work for money. But there is a big difference between your profession and your business. Often, I ask people, "What is your business?" And they will say, "Oh, I’m a banker." Then I ask them if they own the bank. And they usually respond, "No, I work there." In that instance, they have confused their profession with their business. Their profession may be a banker, but they still need their own business.
2. A problem with school is that you often become what you study. So, if you study cooking, you become a chef. If you study the law, you become an attorney, and a study of auto mechanics makes you a mechanic. a. The mistake in becoming what you study is that too many people forget to mind their own business. They spend their lives minding someone else’s business and making that person rich. To become financially secure, a person needs to mind their own business. Your business revolves around your asset column, not your income column. The number-one rule is to know the difference between an asset and a liability, and to buy assets. The rich focus on their asset columns, while everyone else focuses on their income statements.
3. That is why we hear so often: "I need a raise." "If only I had a promotion." "I am going back to school to get more training so I can get a better job." "I am going to work overtime." "Maybe I can get a second job." The primary reason the majority of the poor and middle class are fiscally conservative—which means, "I can’t afford to take risks"— is that they have no financial foundation. b. They have to cling to their jobs and play it safe. When downsizing became the "in" thing to do, millions of workers found out their largest so-called asset, their home, was eating them alive. Their "asset" was costing them money every month. Their car, another "asset," was eating them alive. The golf clubs in the garage that cost $1,000 were not worth $1,000 anymore. Without job security, they had nothing to fall back on. What they thought were assets could not help them survive in a time of financial crisis.
4. I assume most of us have filled out a credit application to buy a house or a car. It’s always interesting to look at the "net-worth" section because of what accepted banking and accounting practices allow a person to count as assets. One day when I wanted a loan, my financial position did not look too good. So, I added my new golf clubs, my art collection, books, electronics, Armani suits, wristwatches, shoes, and other personal belongings to boost the number in the asset column. But I was turned down from getting the loan because I had too much investment in renting houses. The loan committee didn’t like that I made so much money from rent. They wanted to know why I did not have a normal job with a salary. They did not question the Armani suits, golf clubs, or art collection. Life is sometimes tough when you do not fit the standard profile.
Answers
The current educational system focuses on preparing youth for jobs, but it's important to differentiate between a profession and a business .
people become what they study and spend their lives working for someone else, neglecting their own business.
Financial security lies in building assets, not just relying on income. The poor and middle class struggle due to lack of financial foundation, often clinging to jobs for security. Possessions like homes and cars can become liabilities rather than assets. Traditional net-worth calculations may not account for unconventional sources of wealth, leading to difficulties in obtaining loans.
The first four paragraphs highlight the distinction between a profession and a business. While the educational system aims to equip individuals with scholastic skills for good jobs, it's crucial to understand that a profession alone might not guarantee financial independence. Many people mistakenly confuse their profession, such as being a banker, with owning a business. Financial security comes from minding one's own business and focusing on building assets rather than solely relying on income.
The second paragraph emphasizes that becoming what one studies can lead to a narrow focus on someone else's business, which often enriches others rather than oneself. To achieve financial stability, individuals need to pay attention to their own asset column. Differentiating between assets and liabilities becomes crucial. The wealthy prioritize growing their asset columns, while those who concentrate solely on their income statements struggle to achieve financial success.
The third paragraph delves into the reasons why the poor and middle class tend to be fiscally conservative and risk-averse. Lacking a strong financial foundation, they become dependent on their jobs for stability and are reluctant to take risks. Economic downturns expose the vulnerability of their so-called assets, such as homes and cars, which turn out to be burdens rather than sources of financial security.
The fourth paragraph illustrates a personal experience related to net-worth calculations and loan applications. It highlights the disparity between accepted accounting practices and unconventional wealth sources. While personal belongings like art collections, golf clubs, and expensive suits were not questioned, the committee focused on the applicant's rental property investments instead of a traditional job with a salary. This experience serves as an example of the challenges faced when deviating from the standard profile.
Overall, the passage emphasizes the importance of minding one's own business, building assets, and understanding the difference between assets and liabilities. It sheds light on the struggles faced by those without a solid financial foundation and challenges traditional notions of wealth evaluation.
Learn more about business here:
https://brainly.com/question/15826604
#SPJ11
what present amount is necessary tp attain a future amunt of 7000 in 6 months using an annual simple interest rate of 7%
Answers
The present amount is necessary tp attain a future amunt of 7000 in 6 months using an annual simple interest rate of 7% is 140000.
Only the principal, or the remaining fraction of the principal, is used to calculate simple interest. It does not take compounding into account. Simple interest may be imposed on a schedule other than yearly, such as monthly.The starting balance is B.
The amount of time periods that have passed is m, and the frequency with which interest is applied is n.
Consider a situation where a credit card holder owes $2500 and the simple annual interest rate is 12.99% per year, charged monthly. This means that interest is imposed 12 times per year. more than a month,
Learn more about simple interest:
https://brainly.com/question/25845758
#SPJ4
What will happen to the market for video games if consumer income drops?
A. Graph 1
B. Graph 2
C. Graph 3
D. Graph 4
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
which test should be run to make the strongest case that the direct response campaigns are driving incremental sales?
Answers
To make the strongest case that direct response campaigns are driving incremental sales, a controlled experiment or A/B test should be conducted.
A controlled experiment or A/B test is the most effective method to determine the impact of direct response campaigns on incremental sales. This test involves dividing the target audience into two groups: a control group that is not exposed to the campaigns and a test group that receives the campaigns.
Both groups should be similar in terms of demographics and other relevant factors. The only difference is the exposure to the direct response campaigns.
By comparing the sales performance of the control group with the test group, any significant difference in sales can be attributed to the direct response campaigns. This approach helps isolate the impact of the campaigns from other potential factors influencing sales.
It provides a clear cause-and-effect relationship, strengthening the case for the campaigns driving incremental sales.
Other analytical methods like correlation analysis or trend analysis can provide insights, but they may not establish a strong causal relationship between the campaigns and incremental sales. Therefore, a controlled experiment or A/B test is recommended for making the strongest case regarding the impact of direct response campaigns on sales.
Learn more about incremental here:
https://brainly.com/question/32065093
#SPJ11
What values does fccla emphasize? select two options.familyphysical fitnessleadershiphealth care
Answers
FCCLA emphasizes family physical fitness and leadership in health care.
What do you mean by the FCCLA?Family, Career, and Community Leaders of America is known by the acronym FCCLA. Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) students in public and private schools up to grade 12 can join this national Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO). Its original name was Future Homemakers of America. FCCLA provides students with opportunities and extracurricular resources to pursue jobs that assist families. FCCLA members have been tackling significant personal, professional, and societal concerns through Family and Consumer Sciences education since 1945, making a difference in their families, jobs, and communities.
To learn more about FCCLA, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/14651593
#SPJ4
what is the purpose of creating a prototype?
Answers
Answer:
Prototypes provide a way to see how a possible product, idea, design, etc., would function in natural environments (not in the lab/workshop), but in the real world. They also can let designers, and those building it see if there are anything that needs to be changed or altered.
In path–goal theory, which leadership style is best for managing employees who are new to dealing with ambiguous, unstructured tasks?.
Answers
Answer:
Directive Leadership
Explanation:
Directive Leadership style is a leadership style where all the power is with the leader and is highly centralized and undivided.
Kevin wants to buy a house that costs $350,000. Kevin will need to go to a bank and obtain a mortgage in order to purchase the house. The bank requires a 25% down payment. a) How much money will Kevin need for a down payment? b) If he wants to borrow the remaining amount, how much of a loan would he have to obtain?
Answers
_________________________________
a) = 25% × $350,000 ÷ 100 = $87,500b) = $350,000 - $87,500 = $262,500_________________________________
The usual purpose of an R-chart is to signal whether there has been a: ___________
a. gain or loss in dispersion.
b. change in the percent defective in a sample.
c. change in the central tendency of the process output.
d. change in the number of defects in a sample.
e. change in the consumer's risk.
Answers
It should be noted that usual purpose of an R-chart is to signal whether there has been a change in the percent defective in a sample.
An R-chart can be regarded as a type of control chart, which helps to know about change in the percent defective in a sample.
It is used to monitor the process variability and this is done at regular intervals from a process.
Therefore, option option B is correct because, with R-chart we can know whether there has been a change in the percent defective in a sample.
Learn more about R-chart at:
https://brainly.com/question/6247044
what information is provided by the receivables turnover ratio? (check all that apply.) multiple select question. that a higher ratio means faster (better) turnover the number of times the average receivables balance is collected during the period the average number of days it takes to make a sale on account that a higher ratio means slower (worse) turnover
Answers
The correct s are: - that a higher ratio means faster (better) turnover.
the information provided by the receivables turnover ratio includes:
- that a higher ratio means faster (better) turnover: the receivables turnover ratio measures how quickly a company collects its accounts receivable. a higher ratio indicates that the company is collecting its receivables more efficiently, which is considered better.
- the number of times the average receivables balance is collected during the period: the receivables turnover ratio calculates how many times, on average, the accounts receivable balance is collected during a specific period, such as a year. it provides insight into the effectiveness of the company's credit and collection policies.
- the average number of days it takes to make a sale on account: although the receivables turnover ratio does not directly provide the average number of days, it indirectly reflects the average collection period. by taking the reciprocal of the receivables turnover ratio, you can estimate the average number of days it takes for the company to collect its receivables.
Learn more about Company here:
https://brainly.com/question/30532251
#SPJ11
all of our hmo and ppo plans include a maximum out-of-pocket limit.
Answers
The given statement-'' all of our hmo and ppo plans include a maximum out-of-pocket limit'' is True because Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) and Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) plans typically include a maximum out-of-pocket limit.
This limit is the maximum amount an individual or family will have to pay for covered medical expenses in a given year. Once the out-of-pocket limit is reached, the insurance plan typically covers 100% of the remaining eligible expenses for the remainder of the coverage period.
This limit provides financial protection to individuals by capping the amount they have to spend on medical services and helps prevent excessive financial burdens associated with healthcare costs.
It is important for individuals to review their specific plan details to understand the specific out-of-pocket limits and coverage provisions.
To know more about Health Maintenance Organization refer to-
https://brainly.com/question/4466826
#SPJ11
How do I find my TN unemployment account number?
Answers
To find your TN unemployment account number, you will need to log in to your online account through the Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development's website. The website will ask you to enter your Social Security number and other personal information to log in.
If you are looking for your Tennessee unemployment account number, you are in the right place. The Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development provides all the necessary information to find it.
Once you have logged in, you can go to the "My Account" page to find your TN unemployment account number. Additionally, you can contact the Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development by phone or email to request your TN unemployment account number.
know more about unemployment here
https://brainly.com/question/14227610#
#SPJ11
how can foreign employment play a significant role in raising the economic standard of people? (●-●)
Answers
Answer:
Answer to the following question is as follows;
Explanation:
Foreign work raises people's living standards and has become a significant source of international money. Foreign employment helps a country's unemployment crisis. Due to a lack of suitable employment opportunities in the domestic labour market, about 800,000 youngsters have gone abroad until Asar 2064.
How important is money
Answers
Answer:
very important
Explanation:
money is a global income source for everyone. we all have different types but it is all still money. now say one country got rid of money and had people pay for stuff using other things. if china did that lots of different countries wouldn't be able to get stuff from there unless they had so much of that product they could just give it up.
You have a very simple business with just four T-accounts. One has a credit balance of $34,888. The other three have debit balances of $23,322, $4,312, and $5,675. Are your accounts in balance?
a) Yes
b )No
Answers
The total debits ($33,309) do not equal the total credits ($34,888), the accounts are not in balance. Based on the given information, the accounts are not in balance.
In order to determine if the accounts are in balance, we need to understand the concept of debits and credits in accounting.
Debits and credits are used to record the increases and decreases in account balances. Debits increase asset and expense accounts, while credits increase liability, equity, and revenue accounts.
In this case, we have four T-accounts. One account has a credit balance of $34,888, while the other three accounts have debit balances of $23,322, $4,312, and $5,675.
To determine if the accounts are in balance, we need to compare the total debits to the total credits. If the total debits equal the total credits, then the accounts are in balance.
Let's calculate the total debits and credits:
Total debits: $23,322 + $4,312 + $5,675 = $33,309
Total credits: $34,888
Since the total debits ($33,309) do not equal the total credits ($34,888), the accounts are not in balance.
In conclusion, based on the given information, the accounts are not in balance.
To know more about total debits visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2587502
#SPJ11
Question 3 of 25
Which of the following statements best explains why some people get life
insurance and others don't?
A. Life insurance is a cost that has no direct benefit.
B. Some people have more than one life-insurance policy.
C. Different people are willing to face different kinds of risks.
D. Some life insurance companies go out of business before you die.
Answers
Which statement best describes the current price for the good shown in this
Answers
Answer:
The Current price will result in a low supply for the good.
Explanation:
The senior accountant for Carlton Co., a public company with a complex capital structure, has just finished preparing Carlton's income statement for the current fiscal year. While reviewing the income statement, Carlton's finance director noticed that the earnings per share data has been omitted. What changes will have to be made to Carlton's income statement as a result of the omission of the earnings per share data
Answers
Answer: b. Carlton's income statement will have to be revised to include the earnings per share data
Explanation:
The options to the question are:
a. No changes will have to be made to Carlton's income statement. The income statement is complete without the earnings per share data.
b. Carlton's income statement will have to be revised to include the earnings per share data.
c. Carlton's income statement will only have to be revised to include the earnings per share data if Carlton's market capitalization is greater than $5,000,000.
d. Carlton's income statement will only have to be revised to include the earnings per share data if Carlton's net income for the past two years was greater than $5,000,000.
From the question, we are informed that the senior accountant for Carlton Co., a public company with a complex capital structure, has just finished preparing Carlton's income statement for the current fiscal year and that while reviewing the income statement, Carlton's finance director noticed that the earnings per share data has been omitted.
The changes that will have to be made to Carlton's income statement as a result of the omission of the earnings per share data is that Carlton's income statement will have to be revised to include the earnings per share data.
alpha engineers, inc. needs a specific drill to continue its operations and orders one from mining supply company at a cost of $1,500. alpha tells the supplier that it must receive the drill by tuesday or it will lose $5,000 (the profit from a job they have scheduled on tuesday). mining supply agrees to sell the drill and to have the drill delivered to alpha by monday. mining supply ships the drill late and alpha does not receive the drill until thursday. as a result, it cannot perform the job scheduled for monday. alpha sues mining supply for breach of contract. alpha can recover:
Answers
The amount of damages that Alpha can recover would depend on the specific details of the case and the evidence presented in court.
Define and solve the question in proper manner?In this case, Alpha can sue Mining Supply for breach of contract and may be able to recover damages. The damages that Alpha can recover would depend on the terms of the contract and the specific circumstances of the case.
If the contract included a liquidated damages clause, which specifies the amount of damages that will be paid in case of a breach, then Alpha may be able to recover the full $5,000. However, if there was no such clause, then Alpha would need to prove that it suffered losses as a result of the breach.
In this case, Alpha can argue that it suffered a loss of $5,000 due to Mining Supply's breach of contract, as it was unable to perform the scheduled job on Monday. Additionally, Alpha may also be able to recover the cost of any additional expenses incurred as a result of the breach, such as the cost of renting another drill to complete the job.
Ultimately, the amount of damages that Alpha can recover would depend on the specific details of the case and the evidence presented in court.
To know more about damages, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29429806
#SPJ1
A nation whose interest rate is rising relatively fast will see its securities become ________ attractive to foreigners. Its currency will __________.
-more; depreciate
-more; appreciate
-less; depreciate
-less; appreciate
Answers
A nation whose interest rate is rising relatively fast will see its securities become more attractive to foreigners. Its currency will appreciate.
When a nation's interest rate rises rapidly, it makes its securities, such as bonds and other financial instruments, more attractive to foreign investors. Higher interest rates offer the potential for greater returns on investments. As a result, foreign investors are more likely to buy these securities, increasing the demand for the nation's currency.
The increased demand for the currency leads to an appreciation of its value in the foreign exchange market. The currency's exchange rate strengthens, meaning it can buy more of other currencies. Therefore, a nation whose interest rate is rising relatively fast will see its securities become more attractive to foreigners, and its currency will appreciate.
Learn more about currency appreciation here: brainly.com/question/9659755
#SPJ11
You have examined photographs of Hoovervilles in different states. What do they show about life in Hoovervilles all across the country?In one or two sentences, explain what the photographs say about how people adjusted to Hooverville life.
Hooverville residents did the best they could under difficult circumstances. Hooverville residents formed their own communities and learned to fend for themselves. Hooverville residents tried to make their towns and lives as normal as possible.
Answers
Life in the Hoovervilles became pretty tough and those tried their first-class to get via as they may.
Life in Hoovervilles usually shared certain characteristics which include.
A resident dwelling in unsanitary situations
citizens being pressured to beg or depend upon charity for food
Hoovervilles have been created in the course of the top notch depression as thousands and thousands of human beings misplaced their jobs and have become too terrible to have enough money right housing. As a end result, they created ghettos where they could live on temporarily.
Living in these ghettos become difficult due to the fact:
situations were unsanitary - the housing was now not constructed as much as the proper wellknown and sewage systems were missing. This caused very unsanitary conditions and caused disorder.
food became scarce - the ones living within the ghetto have been normally unemployed and could not come up with the money for meals so they needed to beg for it from other people in addition to approach charitable businesses.
life is the belongings that distinguishes count with and with out biological tactics, such as signaling and self-sustaining methods, and is described by way of its ability for boom, response to stimuli, metabolism, electricity conversion, and duplicate.
Learn more about life here:-https://brainly.com/question/24793479
#SPJ4
What is the main difference between wealth and income?
Answers
Wealth and income are related but distinct concepts. Income refers to the money that a person earns from employment, investments, or other sources on a regular basis, typically measured on a yearly or monthly basis.
It is considered a flow of money, meaning that it is received periodically over time.
Wealth, on the other hand, refers to a person's net worth, or the total value of their assets minus their liabilities. It is a stock concept, meaning it represents a snapshot of a person's financial situation at a specific point in time.
In simple terms, income is the money a person earns, while wealth is the money a person has saved and accumulated. So, a person can have a high income but low wealth if they spend all their money and have few assets or a high wealth but low income if their assets generate little or no regular income.
To know more about wealth here
https://brainly.com/question/17011735
#SPJ4
You work on salary. Normally, you make $375.00 a week. This week you worked 52 hrs.
How much is your gross pay?
Answers
Answer:
658
Explanation:
3. What are personal, property, and liability risks? What are examples of personal, property, and liability risk?
Answers
please help me answer these questions
Answers
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
1. Inelastic demand occurs when a change in price doesn't really have an effect on the quantity of the goods demanded. Examples of products with inelastic demand are salt and prescription drugs.
2. Elasticity for demand helps in the determination of the prices of factors of production. It is also vital in knowing how price changes will affect the revenue of the firm.
3. Normal goods are the goods that when income increases, the demand for them increases as well e.g. household appliances
For inferior goods, when Income increases, their quantity demand reduces. These are common with extremely cheap products.
Which industry is the second-largest employer of teens
and young people?
What percentage of employed teens are employed by
the government?
I got it
is retail trade
and 7%
Answers
Answer:
I. Retail industry
ii. 7%
Explanation:
Retail industry is the second largest employers of teen and young people next to health sector which is the largest employer.
Retailing involves buying goods either from the producers or wholesaler and selling them to the final consumers. Some services are also offered in these retailing such as call center representative, those who work in innovation lab. etc
In the United States, about 7% of teens and young people are in the employment of government , while retail industry is the largest employer of teen and young people because it provides flexibility and also do not involve much academic qualifications.
Example of these retail jobs are those who work in call center, sales representatives and those who works in stores.
Answer:
Retail Trade
7%
Explanation:
Edge 2020
What is Jack doing to ensure savings for a new car?
Answers
Answer:
Could you add more context?
Explanation:
Answer:
He could be putting the money into the bank.
Explanation:
Which situation is an ethical dilemma?
A. reporting the actions of a supervisor regarding his use of a company car for personal errands
B. launching a new product catering to the elite section of society
C. hiring female employees for top management jobs in the company
D.opening a new plant that offers jobs to the economically weaker sections of society
Answers
Answer:
The answer is A. reporting the actions of a supervisor regarding his use of a company car for personal errands
Explanation:
Trust me, I just took the quiz. This is the correct answer.
Determine the total first-year cost of car ownership for Milagros. She just purchased a vehicle valued for $ with the following costs: Auto Loan : Amount, $; Duration, 4 years; APR, percent Property Taxes : percent of vehicle value/year Sales Taxes : percent of the sales price Title and Tags : $/year Insurance : $/year Maintenance and Usage : $/year
Answers
Once this information is provided, the total first-year cost of car ownership can be calculated by adding up all of the costs associated with owning and operating the vehicle for the first year. This would include costs such as the auto loan payments, property taxes, sales taxes, title and tag fees, insurance premiums, and maintenance and usage costs.