The influence of processing parameters on aluminium alloy A357 manufactured by Selective Laser Melting
Answers
The processing parameters significantly influence the properties of aluminium alloy A357 manufactured by Selective Laser Melting (SLM).
What are the key processing parameters in Selective Laser Melting of aluminium alloy A357?In Selective Laser Melting (SLM), the processing parameters play a crucial role in determining the quality and characteristics of the manufactured aluminium alloy A357. Several key parameters need to be considered:
1. Laser Power: The laser power determines the energy input into the powder bed. Higher laser power leads to increased melting and higher density of the parts, but excessive power may cause defects and thermal distortion.
2. Scanning Speed: The scanning speed controls the rate at which the laser moves across the powder bed. Faster scanning speed can reduce the heat accumulation and promote rapid solidification, but it may also result in insufficient melting and decreased part density.
3. Hatch Spacing: The hatch spacing refers to the distance between adjacent laser scan paths. Optimal hatch spacing ensures good part density while minimizing the formation of voids and defects.
4. Layer Thickness: The layer thickness determines the height of each layer in the build. It affects the surface roughness, accuracy, and build time. Thinner layers provide better resolution but increase the build time.
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Related Questions
to cool a given room it is necessary to supply 4 ft3 /s of air through an 8-in.-diameter pipe. approximately how long is the entrance length in this pipe?
Answers
To cool a given room it is necessary to provide 4 ft³/s of air through an 8-inches diameter pipe, for this Entrance length in this pipe = 17.7 ft
Q = 4ft³/s
Diameter = D = 8 inches
Entrance length in this pipe = \(l_{e}\) = ?
By using flow rate formula:
V = Q/A
V= Q/ π/4*D²
= 4ft³/s / π/4 (8/12 ft)²
V= 11.5 ft/s
Thus, with ν = 1.57 x 10⁻⁴ft²/s (value from table)
Re = VD/ν
Re = 11.5 ft/s (8/12 ft)/1.57x10⁻⁴ft²/s
Re = 48,800 > 4000 (based on the criteria)
so, the flow is turbulent
Hence,
\(l_{e} / D\) = \(4.4 R_{e}^{1/6}\)
\(l_{e}\) = 4.4 (48,800)\(^{1/6}\) (8/12)
\(l_{e}\) = 17.7 ft
Entrance Length of an 8-inch diameter pipe = 17.7 ft
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Why is it so important that you need to know when calculate a bevel gear two (2) different numbers of gear teeth are to be know?
Answers
It is important to know the number of teeth on the two gears when calculating a bevel gear because the number of teeth determines the gear ratio, which in turn determines the torque and speed at which the gears will operate.
How to calculate the gear ratio?The gear ratio is calculated by dividing the number of teeth on the driving gear by the number of teeth on the driven gear.
If the number of teeth is not known, it would be impossible to accurately calculate the gear ratio and determine the performance of the gear set.
Additionally, the number of teeth also affects the meshing pattern and the contact ratio between gear teeth, which is also important to the gear's performance.
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Copper is an expensive metal ($2.69/lb) while aluminum is relatively inexpensive ($0.78/lb). However, the conductivity of copper higher than aluminum (6.0 x 107 (Ω-m)-1 compared to 3.8 x 107 (Ω-m)-1 ). What, if any, savings would there be by switching to aluminum wiring in a house, assuming the resistance of the wires remains constant? Useful conversion: 2.2 lb = 1 kg.
Answers
The cost savings from using cheaper aluminum wiring may outweigh the slightly higher resistance due to its lower conductivity.
To determine the potential savings by switching to aluminum wiring in a house, we need to consider the cost and conductivity of copper and aluminum.
The cost of copper is $2.69 per pound, while aluminum costs $0.78 per pound. We can convert these prices to cost per kilogram by dividing by 2.2 (2.2 lb = 1 kg):
Copper cost: $2.69/lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = $1.22/kg
Aluminum cost: $0.78/lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = $0.35/kg
Now, let's consider the conductivity of copper and aluminum. Copper has a conductivity of 6.0 x 10^7 (Ω-m)^-1, while aluminum has a conductivity of 3.8 x 10^7 (Ω-m)^-1.
Assuming the resistance of the wires remains constant, the savings from switching to aluminum can be calculated based on the relative conductivity. The higher the conductivity, the lower the resistance for a given length of wire.
Let's compare the relative conductivities:
Copper conductivity: 6.0 x 10^7 (Ω-m)^-1
Aluminum conductivity: 3.8 x 10^7 (Ω-m)^-1
The relative conductivity of aluminum compared to copper is (3.8 x 10^7) ÷ (6.0 x 10^7) = 0.633.
Therefore, aluminum has about 63.3% (or approximately two-thirds) of the conductivity of copper.
Considering the cost and conductivity, the potential savings of switching to aluminum wiring would depend on the length of the wires and the specific requirements of the electrical installation. In general, the cost savings from using cheaper aluminum wire may outweigh the slightly higher resistance due to its lower conductivity.
To calculate the exact savings, you would need to know the length and gauge (thickness) of the wires being used, as well as the specific electrical requirements of the house.
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An In Problems 1-8 state the order of the given ordinary differential equation. Determine whether the equation is linear or nonlinear by matching it with (6). 1. (1 - x)y" - 4xy' + 5y = cos x dy
Answers
The given ordinary differential equation is of second order. It is a linear differential equation.
What is the order and linearity of the given ordinary differential equation?The given ordinary differential equation is a second-order linear differential equation. It can be classified as such by comparing it to the general form of a second-order linear differential equation:
ay'' + by' + c*y = f(x)
In this case, we can see that the equation matches this form, where a = 1 - x, b = -4x, c = 5, and f(x) = cos(x)dy/dx.
To determine if the equation is linear or nonlinear, we need to check if the coefficients a, b, and c are functions of y and/or its derivatives. In this case, none of the coefficients depend on y or its derivatives, so the equation is linear.
In summary, the given ordinary differential equation is a second-order linear differential equation.
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The IRT has a vital responsibility in gathering forensic evidence, which is defined as collecting and preserving the information that can be used to reconstruct events.
a. True
b. False
Answers
Problem 1
An engine piston-cylinder assembly contains gas at a pressure of 96 kPa. The gas is compressed according to p = aV + b where a = -1200 kPa/m3 and b = 600 kPa. Determine the work done on the gas during this process if the final pressure is 456 kPa.
Answers
The work done on the gas during this process if the final pressure is 456 kPa is; -82.8 kJ
Workdone in Thermodynamics
We are given;
The initial pressure; P₁ = 96 kPa
Final Pressure; P₂ = 456 kPa
The gas is compressed according to;
p = aV + b
where;
a = -1200 kPa/m³
b = 600 kPa
Thus, at initial pressure P₁ = 96 kPa;
96 = -1200V₁ + 600
1200V₁ = 600 - 95
1200V₁ = 505
V₁ = 505/1200
V₁ = 0.42 m³
At Final Pressure P₂ = 456 kPa;
456 = -1200V₂ + 600
1200V₂ = 600 - 456
1200V₂ = 144
V₂ = 144/1200
V₂ = 0.12 m³
Formula for the workdone during the process is;
W_out = ¹/₂(P₁ + P₂)(V₂ - V₁)
W_out = ¹/₂(96 + 456)(0.12 - 0.42)
W_out = -82.8 kJ
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Segments ab and cd of the assembly are solid circular rods, and segment bc is a tube. If the assembly is made of 6061-t6 aluminum, determine the displacement of end d with respect to end a.
Answers
The displacement of end D with respect to end A is \(-0.488 \times 10^{-3}\;m\)
Given the following data:
Length = 435 mm to m = 0.435 meter.Modulus of elasticity = 68.9 GPa.Radius A = 20 mm to m = 0.03 meter.Inner radius BC = 30 mm to m = 0.03 meter.Outer radius BC = 40 mm to m = 0.04 meter.Force A = 10 kN.Force B = 15 kN.To determine the displacement of end D with respect to end A:
How to calculate the displacement.First of all, we would do a sectional cut of the circular rods at point A and then determine the sum of forces acting on it:
\(\sum F=0\\\\ 10000+N_1=0\\\\N_1 = -10000\;N\)
Mathematically, the displacement of a circular rod is given by this formula:
\(d = \frac{NL}{AE}\)
Where:
N is the normal force.L is the length.A is the area.E is the modulus of elasticity.Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;
\(d_1 = \frac{-10000 \times 0.435}{\frac{3.142 \times 0.02^2}{4} \times 68.9 \times 10^9} \\\\d_1 = \frac{-4350}{0.0003142 \times 68.9 \times 10^9}\\\\d_1 =-0.201 \times 10^{-3}\;meter\)
For section cut BC:
\(\sum F=0\\\\ 10000-20000+N_2=0\\\\N_2 = 10000\;N\)
\(radius = outer\;radius^2 - inner\;radius^2\\\\radius = 0.04^2 -0.03^2=0.0007\;m\)
\(d_2 = \frac{10000 \times 0.435}{\frac{3.142 \times 0.0007^2}{4} \times 68.9 \times 10^9} \\\\d_2 = \frac{4350}{0.00054985 \times 68.9 \times 10^9}\\\\d_2 =0.115 \times 10^{-3}\;meter\)
For section cut D:
\(\sum F=0\\\\ -20000-N_3=0\\\\N_3 =- 20000\;N\)
\(d_3 = \frac{-20000 \times 0.435}{\frac{3.142 \times 0.02^2}{4} \times 68.9 \times 10^9} \\\\d_3 = \frac{-8700}{0.0003142 \times 68.9 \times 10^9}\\\\d_3 =-0.402 \times 10^{-3}\;meter\)
For the total displacement:
The total displacement is equal to the displacement of end D with respect to end A.
\(d_T = d_1 +d_2+d_3\\\\d_T = -0.201 \times 10^{-3} + 0.115 \times 10^{-3}-0.402 \times 10^{-3}\\\\d_T = -0.488 \times 10^{-3}\;m\)
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Rigid bar ABC is supported by three symmetrically-positioned vertical rods, which are initially unstrained. After load P is applied, the normal strain in rods (2) is 0.0010 mm/mm. Determine the normal strain in rod (1) if there is a gap of 1.0 mm in the connection between rod (1) and the rigid bar at B. Report the strain in mm/mm
Answers
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
The lengths of the rods are not given.
Let us assume the length of rod 1 = 1500 mm and the length of rod 2 = 800 mm
Solution:
The normal strain is defined as the change in member length δ divided by the initial member length L. The normal strain (ε) is:
ε = δ / L
δ = εL
For rod 1:
\(\delta_2=\epsilon_2 L_2\\\\\delta_2=0.0010\ mm/mm*1500\ mm=1.5\ mm\)
The axial elongation of rod 2 is 1.5 mm. Since rigid bar ABC is attached to rod 2, the rigid bar move down by same amount.
The rigid bar moves down 1.8 mm but rods 1 will not be stretched by this amount. Because there is a gap between rod (1) and the rigid bar at B, the first deflection of 1 mm would not cause an elongation in rod 1. Therefore, the elongation in rods (1) is:
\(\delta_1=1.5\ mm-1\ mm=0.5\ mm\)
The normal strain in rod 1 is:
\(\epsilon_1=\frac{\delta_1}{L_1} =\frac{0.5\ mm}{800\ mm} \\\\\epsilon_1=0.000625\ mm/mm\)
To mitigate risk is the attempt to address risk by making the risk less serious.
True
False
Answers
False. To mitigate risk means taking actions to reduce the likelihood or impact of potential risks. Risk mitigation involves identifying potential risks and implementing measures to prevent, minimize or control them.
This process is an essential part of risk management and helps organizations prepare for and address potential threats before they can cause serious damage.
For example, an organization may mitigate the risk of a cyber attack by implementing security measures, such as firewalls, antivirus software, and employee training programs. This can help reduce the likelihood of a successful attack, as well as minimize the impact if one occurs.
It is important to note that mitigation cannot completely eliminate all risks. However, it can significantly reduce the chances of a risk materializing and can help organizations prepare for and respond to potential threats more effectively. As such, mitigation is a critical part of any risk management strategy, as it helps organizations protect their assets, reputation, and stakeholders from harm.
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What 2 things can you never eat for breakfast?
i know the answer but lets see if you do
Answers
Answer:
you can't eat your school computer or a pencil.
Assuming the non-pressurized boiling point of a 50-50 mix of coolant is 6°C higher than the boiling
point of water (100°C), and every one psi increase in pressure will raise the cooling system boiling
point by 17 °C. Calculate the coding system boiling point if a 15 psi pressure cap is used. How will
the value change if a 12 psi cap is used instead. If pure water is used rather than a 50-50 mix, then
how is the boiling point changed? What about the freezing point?
Answers
Answer:
To calculate the coolant boiling point with a 15 psi pressure cap, we need to consider the base boiling point of water, the increase in boiling point due to the 50-50 mix of coolant, and the increase in boiling point per psi of pressure.
Base Boiling Point of Water: 100°C
Increase in Boiling Point due to Coolant Mix: 6°C
Increase in Boiling Point per psi: 17°C
Calculation for a 15 psi pressure cap:
Base Boiling Point + Increase due to Coolant + (Pressure Increase × Increase per psi)
= 100°C + 6°C + (15 psi × 17°C/psi)
= 100°C + 6°C + 255°C
= 361°C
Therefore, with a 15 psi pressure cap, the cooling system boiling point would be 361°C.
Now let's calculate the boiling point with a 12 psi pressure cap:
Base Boiling Point + Increase due to Coolant + (Pressure Increase × Increase per psi)
= 100°C + 6°C + (12 psi × 17°C/psi)
= 100°C + 6°C + 204°C
= 310°C
With a 12 psi pressure cap, the cooling system boiling point would be 310°C.
If pure water is used instead of a 50-50 mix of coolant, the boiling point would remain at 100°C since there would be no additional increase in boiling point due to the coolant mix.
As for the freezing point, the presence of the coolant mix or the pressure cap does not directly affect the freezing point of water. The freezing point of water is generally 0°C, regardless of the coolant mix or pressure conditions.
Explanation:
EXERCISE 7.2 1. At a point in a strained material, the principal stresses are 100 MPa and 50 MPa both tensile, Find the normal and shear stresses at a section inclined at 60° with the axis of the major princi- pal stress. (Ans. 87.5 MPa: 21.65 MPa
Answers
The normal stress is 62.5 MPa and the shear stress is 21.65 MPa.
The principal stresses are 100 MPa and 50 MPa both tensile,
Normal stress:
We know that normal stress is given by;
Normal stress = (σ1 + σ2)/2 + (σ1 - σ2)/2 cos 2θ
where,σ1 = 100 MPaσ2
= 50 MPaθ
= 60°
Normal stress = (100 + 50)/2 + (100 - 50)/2 cos 2×60°
= 75 MPa + 25 cos 120°
= 75 - 25/2
= 62.5 MPa
Shear stress:
We know that shear stress is given by;
Shear stress = (σ1 - σ2)/2 sin 2θ
Shear stress = (100 - 50)/2 sin 2×60°
= 25√3/2
= 21.65 MPa
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THE MASS FOR OBJECT 1 is 107.01 grams what is the objects force in Newton’s answer please
Answers
Given that,
Mass of the object 1, m = 107.01 grams
To find,
Force on the object.
Solution,
The force acting on the object is gravitational force. The force is given by the formula as follow :
F = mg
g is acceleration due to gravity
F = 0.10701 kg × 9.8 m/s²
F = 1.048 N
So, the force acting on object 1 is 1.048 N.
Is the impedance of the capacitor purely reactive, and how does it compare to the nominal value of the ideal capacitor? Why or why not is it purely reactive?
Answers
In an electric field, a capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy. It has two terminals and is a passive electrical component. Capacitance refers to a capacitor's effect.
What is the impedance of an ideal capacitor?An perfect capacitor has an infinite resistance. For all frequencies and capacitance levels, the reactance of a perfect capacitor, and consequently its impedance, is negative.A capacitor that has no resistance and therefore doesn't lose any energy while it's operating is the ideal capacitor. It just possesses capacitance. There is no dielectric loss in a perfect capacitor. High temperature stability characterizes the ideal capacitor.As capacitance and frequency increase, capacitive reactance falls. Impedance is the complete opposition that reactance and resistance give.Similar to inductors, the ideal capacitor is a totally reactive device with no resistive (power dissipative) effects whatsoever. Of course, nothing is so flawless in the actual world. Capacitors, however, have the advantage of often being more pure reactive componentsTo learn more about Ideal capacitor refer to:
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please help with my economics problem
Answers
Answer:
You first get a new job, and make a new company and then by amazon to traumatize Jeff Bezos after his divorce
Explanation:
There are gauges available for checking panel flushness. TRUE OR FALSE?
Answers
Answer: true
Explanation:
because flushness means your dead so you are dead now
The ______ algorithm, developed in 1977, was the first public key encryption algorithm published for commercial use. SSL Record Protocol.
Answers
The correct answer is RSA, The RSA algorithm, developed in 1977, was the first public key encryption algorithm published for commercial use. SSL Record Protocol.
RSA vs AES, which is superior?
A more precise and beautiful encryption technique is the cipher text approach using the Advance Encryption Standard (AES). The AES algorithm surpasses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and RSA algorithms, according on test result and the text files utilized.
What purposes serve RSA?A popular form of public-key cryptography used for data encryption of email and other mobile payments via the Internet is RSA encryption, or Rivest-Shamir-Adleman encryption. Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard M. Rivest are the names of RSA's creators.
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how old are legos? Who created them? Why did they create them?
Answers
“Who created them?” Ole Kirk Christiansen.
“Why did they created them?” As a you man, Christiansen turned his love of whittling and playing with wood into a Business and, in 1916, he opened his own shop. Since times were so hard, Christiansen made the hard decision to use his wood to create inexpensive goods that might actually sell. Among them were Cheap toys.
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It is okay to download information without asking a lab instructor as long as it is for your online class. true
false
Answers
False. It is advisable to follow guideline outline by the lab or consult the lab instructor before downloading.
Why are some of the guideline in place for student when downloading?There may be unique guidelines and limitations on obtaining data or visiting particular websites at some institutions or labs. To avoid any potential problems, always verify with your lab instructor or follow the specified instructions.
These download guidelines have been put in place to avoid downloading information that might be considered sensitive, illegal, or detrimental to the operating systems.
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what physical characteristic determines the power rating of a resistor
Answers
The physical characteristic that determines the power rating of a resistor is its ability to dissipate heat.
Resistors are passive electronic components that are used to restrict the flow of electrical current in a circuit. As the current flows through the resistor, it generates heat due to the resistance. If the heat generated exceeds the power rating of the resistor, it may get damaged or even explode. Therefore, the power rating of a resistor is determined by its ability to dissipate heat without getting damaged. This depends on factors such as the size and material of the resistor, as well as its construction and design. Higher power resistors are typically larger in size and made from materials that can withstand higher temperatures.
In conclusion, the power rating of a resistor is determined by its ability to dissipate heat. It is important to select the appropriate power rating for a resistor based on the electrical requirements of the circuit to avoid damage or failure.
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A 50 g polymer sample was fractionated into six samples of different weights given in the table below. Estimate the number average and weight average molecular weights of the original sample. Would you classify the molecular weight distribution of the original sample as narrow or broad?
Answers
Molecular weight distribution is an important factor in the polymer’s physical properties. The molecular weight of a polymer, for example, influences its tensile strength, viscosity, and other properties. As a result, the average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of a polymer must be determined before it can be used in any application.
A 50 g polymer sample was fractionated into six samples of different weights given in the table below. Estimate the number average and weight average molecular weights of the original sampleSo, let us first calculate the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight by using the formulae.Number average molecular weight is given by the formula, M_n = Σ(N_iM_i)/ΣN_iwhere N_i and M_i are the mole fraction and molecular weight of ith fraction of polymer respectively.From the table given above,ΣN_i = 1.0 (sum of all mole fractions of different fractions of polymers is always equal to 1)For Number average molecular weight, M_n = (4*10^20 * 2000 + 6*10^20 * 8000 + 10*10^20 * 20000 + 15*10^20 * 40000 + 18*10^20 * 80000 + 19*10^20 * 120000)/(4*10^20 + 6*10^20 + 10*10^20 + 15*10^20 + 18*10^20 + 19*10^20)M_n
= 1,207,527 g/molWeight average molecular weight is given by the formula, M_w =
Σ(N_iM_i^2)/Σ(N_iM_i)For Weight average molecular weight, M_w = (4*10^20 * 2000^2 + 6*10^20 * 8000^2 + 10*10^20 * 20000^2 + 15*10^20 * 40000^2 + 18*10^20 * 80000^2 + 19*10^20 * 120000^2)/(4*10^20 * 2000 + 6*10^20 * 8000 + 10*10^20 * 20000 + 15*10^20 * 40000 + 18*10^20 * 80000 + 19*10^20 * 120000)M_w = 2,715,479 g/molNow let us classify the molecular weight distribution of the original sample as narrow or broad.Now, Molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) = (2,715,479/1,207,527)Molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) = 2.25The distribution is broad since the molecular weight distribution of the original sample is greater than 1, which implies a broad range of molecular weights. This indicates that the polymer sample is made up of polymers with a wide range of molecular weights.
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The point of contact of two pitch circles of mating gears is called?
Answers
Answer:
the pitch point im pritty sure what is is
The point of contact of two pitch circles of mating gears is called the pitch point.
What is the pitch point?
A pitch point is where two pitch circles frequently come into touch. A common point of contact between two pitch circles of mating gears is called a pitch point. The pitch circle and is centered on the top of the teeth. Dedendum circle, also known as the root circle, is the circle traced through the base of the tooth.
The pressure angle, often known as the “tooth shape,” is the angle at which pressure from one gear's tooth is transferred to another gear's tooth. Pure rolling motion will occur at pitch point.
Therefore, it is pressure point.
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Hard steering can be caused by
Answers
Answer:
Lack of fluid oil – lack of fluid oil in your vehicle, or a fluid leakage, can lead to heavy steering. If there is a lack of fluid oil, or a leak, this can reduce the pressure in the system, meaning the steering wheel does not receive enough supply of fluid to perform freely.
The possibility of carburetor icing exists even when the ambient air temperature is as:__________
Answers
The possibility of carburetor icing exists even when the ambient air temperature is as high as 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
Carburetor icing can occur when the temperature and humidity levels are just right, causing ice to form inside the carburetor and block the air flow. This can cause the engine to stall or run poorly. It is important for pilots and aircraft owners to be aware of the potential for carburetor icing and take steps to prevent it, such as using carburetor heat when necessary. Additionally, it is important to monitor weather conditions and be cautious when flying in conditions that could increase the risk of carburetor icing, such as high humidity and rapidly dropping temperatures.
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Tyler is developing a robot that can be sent into war zones to ensure that any mines have been detonated before soldiers are sent into the area. The government is requiring a full scale model of this robot before it is willing to purchase one
Answers
The reason a prototype is necessary before committing to a purchase in this scenario is that the robot might be very expensive.
What is a prototype?In Engineering, a prototype can be defined as a rudimentary (early) model, release, or sample of a particular product, so as to avail the developers and manufacturers an opportunity and ability to test a concept, functionality, or process within it.
This ultimately implies that, the main purpose of the prototype of a robot is to determine and show whether or not the robot and all of its features are in tandem with the design specifications and market requirements.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that the government requested for a full scale model of the robot before it would purchase one because it is most likely to be very expensive.
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Complete Question:
Tyler is developing a robot that can be sent into war zones to ensure that any mines have been detonated before soldiers are sent into the area. The government is requiring a full-scale model of this robot before it is willing to purchase one.
What explains why a prototype is necessary before committing to a purchase in the following scenario?
1. You use
switches when you
have two switches controlling one or more
lights.
single pole
4-way
2-way
3-way
Answers
3. Steam is distributed on a site via a high-pressure and lowpressure steam mains. The high-pressure mains is at 40
bar and 350◦
C. The low-pressure mains is at 4 bar. The
high-pressure steam is generated in boilers. The overall
efficiency of steam generation and distribution is 75%. The
low-pressure steam is generated by expanding the highpressure stream through steam turbines with an isentropic
efficiency of 80%. The cost of fuel in the boilers is 3.5
$·GJ−1, and the cost of electricity is $0.05 KW−1·h−1. The
boiler feedwater is available at 100◦
C with a heat capacity of
4.2 kJ·kg−1·K−1. Estimate the cost of the high-pressure and low-pressure steam
Answers
A detailed calculation considering various factors such as efficiency, fuel cost, electricity cost, and heat capacity is necessary to determine the cost the high-pressure and low-pressure steam.
To estimate the cost of high-pressure and low-pressure steam, we need to consider the efficiency of steam generation and distribution, fuel cost, electricity cost, and heat capacity. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
Determine the energy content of high-pressure steam: Calculate the enthalpy of high-pressure steam using the given pressure and temperature values. Convert it to energy units (GJ) based on the heat capacity of steam.steam.Calculate the energy content of low-pressure steam: Use the isentropic efficiency of the steam turbine to find the enthalpy of the low-pressure steam after expansion. Convert it to energy units (GJ).Calculate the total energy content of steam generated: Multiply the energy content of high-pressure steam by the efficiency of steam generation and distribution to get the total energy content.Convert energy content to fuel and electricity costs: Multiply the total energy content by the fuel cost per GJ to get the cost of fuel. Additionally, calculate the cost of electricity by multiplying the total energy content by the electricity cost per KWh.Sum up the costs: Add the cost of fuel and the cost of electricity to obtain the total cost of high-pressure and low-pressure steam.By following these steps, you can estimate the cost of the high-pressure and low-pressure steam considering the provided parameters.
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Create the following structures: Line Circle Rectangle Fill Stroke Path
Answers
A line connects two points in a 2D space, defined by their x and y coordinates. Circle: 2D shape with equidistant points from center, defined by center & radius.
What is the structures?A line maybe defined by starting as well as ending points, that are represented by their x and y relates.
Rectangles are 2D shapes with four sides and four right angles, defined by a top-left corner point, width, and height. The Fill and Stroke structures are used to specify the color, pattern, thickness, and style of a shape's interior and outline. A path is a 2D structure that connects points and defines shape boundaries or object movement. Defined by points with x and y coordinates.A circle can be delimited by allure center point and its sweep. Rectangle: A rectangle is defined by top-left corner point, width, and height. A Path is a course is a structure that shows a series of affiliated points in a 2D room. It can be used to delineate the border of a shape or the path of a affecting object.
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2. a wheel tractor-scraper is operating on a level grade. assume no power derating is required for equipment condition, altitude, and temperature. use equipment data from figure 6.10. a) disregarding traction limitations, what is the maximum value of rolling resistance (in lb/ton) over which the fully loaded unit can maintain a speed of 15 mph? b) what minimum value of coefficient of traction between the tractor wheels and the traveling surface is needed to satisfy the requirements of part a? for the fully loaded condition, 52% of the weight is distributed to the drive axle. the operating weight of the empty scraper is 74,946 lb.
Answers
We can see here that the maximum value of rolling resistance over which a loaded scraper can maintain is: 780 lb/ton
What is a maximum rolling resistance?Rolling resistance is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object on a surface. Maximum rolling resistance refers to the highest level of resistance that an object can encounter while rolling on a particular surface.
For a fully loaded condition:
15mph speed, 52% resistanceGrade resistance = 0%The total resistance = (gross + rolling) resistance
52% = 0% - rolling resistance
rolling resistance = 52%
The maximum rolling resistance = rolling resistance percentage × speed
The maximum rolling resistance = 52% (15 lb/ton)/(1% resistance)
The maximum rolling resistance = 780 lb/ton
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In each of the scenarios, two spheres of the same size and shape hang from a common attachment point. Each sphere is electrically charged and is either perfectly conductive or perfectly insulating (gray is conductive, orange is insulating). The magnitude of charge Q is greater than the magnitude of charge q.
Each pair of spheres is allowed to swing freely and comes to rest in some equilibrium position. In each scenario, determine whether the spheres come to rest in contact, or separated by some distance. Assume that the weight of the spheres is small enough that electrostatic forces are significant.
Spheres come to rest in contact:
- both gray, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges +Q and -q
- gray, charge -Q, orange, chargef +q
Spheres come to rest separated
- both gray, +Q and +q
- both gray, -Q and +q
- both orange, -q and -Q
Answers
Spheres come to rest in contact:
- both gray, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges +Q and -q
- gray, charge -Q, orange, chargef +q
Spheres come to rest separated
- both gray, +Q and +q
- both gray, -Q and +q
- both orange, -q and -Q
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The weight of the spheres is small enough that electrostatic forces are significant. Spheres come to rest in contact:
- both gray, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges -q and +q
- both orange, charges +Q and -q
- gray, charge -Q, orange, charge f +q
Spheres come to rest separated
- both gray, +Q and +q
- both gray, -Q and +q
- both orange, -q and -Q
Where can electrostatic force be found?The distance between two charges creates an electrostatic force. The distance between two charges and their respective magnitudes determine the magnitude of the electrostatic force. When two charges, either positive or negative, are brought together, they repel one another.
What is electrostatics?The phenomena and properties of electric charges that are either stationary or moving slowly are the focus of the physics branch known as electrostatics. Coulomb's law describes electrostatic phenomena, which are caused by the forces that electric charges exert on one another.
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