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Which of the following is a stage of a host cell infection by a virus?
Select one:
a. viral genetic material injected into the host cell’s cytoplasm
b. replication of viral DNA using host mitochondria DNA
c. adaptation of viral receptors to infect most organism cells
d. virus attaches to host cell membrane using a capsule
Answers
Answer:
I think that the answer is B
Related Questions
select the statement below that explains why osteocytes are spread out in bone tissue? (a) they develop from mesenchymal cells. (b) they are surrounded by osteoid. (c) they travel through the capillaries. (d) formation of osteoid spreads out the osteoblasts that formed the ossification centers.
Answers
Formation of osteoid spreads out the osteoblasts that formed the ossification centers.
The correct option is D.
What is inside an osteocyte?The cell body varies in size from 5 to 20 micrometers in diameter, has 40 to 60 cell processes per cell, and is 20 to 30 micrometers apart from other cells. The single nucleus of a mature osteocyte, which is situated on the vascular side and has one or two nucleoli as well as a membrane, is present in the cell.
How are osteocytes created?When osteoblasts become embedded in the mineral matrix of bone and take on distinctive characteristics, osteoocytes are created. Osteocytes, which live within the gap of the mineralized bone matrix, develop dendritic processes that project from their cell bodies into regions referred to as canaliculi.
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How does deforestation affect the water cycle:
A. It increases the amount of percolation
B. It increases the amount of runoff
C. It increases the amount of transpiration
D. It increases the amount of precipitation
Answers
Answer:
B. It increases the amount of runoff
Do dead tree release carbon dioxide through cellular respiration
Answers
Absolutely, during cellular respiration, trees can emit carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration is the mechanism through which living creatures, including trees, produce energy. A consequence of this process is the production of carbon dioxide as oxygen and glucose are digested to produce ATP, or energy.
By photosynthesis, trees take up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and utilise it to make glucose. The glucose is broken down and carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere during cellular respiration. The environment's carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are balanced thanks to this mechanism.
In addition, a consequence of photosynthesis in trees is the release of oxygen. Some creatures utilise this oxygen later on for their own cellular respiration. Thus, trees are crucial in controlling the carbon cycle.
Complete Question:
Do trees release carbon dioxide during cellular respiration?
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How does ADH work to balance water in the bloodstream and urine??
Answers
Answer:
The kidneys can adjust the concentration of the urine to reflect the body’s water needs, conserving water if the body is dehydrated or making urine more dilute to expel excess water when necessary. ADH is a hormone that helps the body to retain water by increasing water reabsorption by the kidneys.
What happened when Mendel cross pollinated purple and white flowers?
Answers
Mendel then combined these plant lines for purebreeding and noted the characteristics of the hybrid offspring. He discovered that every F1 hybrid of the first generation resembled one of the mother plants.
What will occur if a purple floral and a white flower are crossed?Mendel observed that the F1 generation produced by hybridizing true-breeding progeny plants only exhibited one feature of a characteristic. A true-breeding purple-flowering plant, for instance, might have been crossed with a truthful white-flowering plant.
What happened as a result of Mendel's cross-pollination?However, Mendel found that crossing two distinct purebred plant varieties resulted in offspring that resembled either of the parents, not a combination of the two.
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Explain what the figure below
tells us about the K-Pg extinction event.
Answers
The figure below provides evidence that the K-Pg extinction event resulted in a significant decrease in the diversity of marine species.
Explanation: The K-Pg extinction event, also known as the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event, was a mass extinction event that occurred approximately 66 million years ago. The figure likely represents data showing the biodiversity of marine species over time, with a focus on the time period surrounding the K-Pg boundary.
Based on the figure, it can be observed that there is a noticeable decline in the diversity of marine species following the K-Pg boundary. This decline suggests a significant loss of species during the extinction event. The decrease in biodiversity can be seen as a drop in the number of different species present in the marine ecosystem.
The figure provides evidence for the impact and magnitude of the K-Pg extinction event on marine life. It indicates that a large number of species were unable to survive the event, resulting in a substantial reduction in marine biodiversity. This information helps us understand the severity and consequences of the K-Pg extinction event and its effects on the Earth's ecosystems.
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Explain how DNA results in the expression of a gene using the following words: DNA, mRNA, tRNA, gene, transcription, and translation
Answers
Explanation:
in order for a gene to even be transcribed, it must be "turned on" or "expressed" meaning the nucleotides have moved away from each other. after it's expressed, the gene will unwrap and continue on with transcription, and make mRNA copy of a DNA strand. once RNA is made it will leave nucleus and enter cytoplasm to find a ribosome. once it attaches to ribosome, translation begins, and a tRNA will bind to anti-codon, and the building of a polypeptide/protein will begin.
The alkali metals, found in group 1 of the periodic table, are very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature. These metals have only one electron in their outer shell. Therefore, they readily lose that one electron to form ionic bonds with other elements. Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal that bonds with Chlorine (Cl), a halogen, to form table salt (NaCl). Based on what the periodic table can tell you about these two elements, explain how and why they bond to form NaCl.
Responses
A Na and Cl share electrons to form an ionic bond.Na and Cl share electrons to form an ionic bond.
B Na and Cl transfer electrons to form ions and create a covalent bond.Na and Cl transfer electrons to form ions and create a covalent bond.
C Na and Cl share electrons to form a covalent bond.Na and Cl share electrons to form a covalent bond.
D Na and Cl transfer electrons to form ions and create an ionic bond.
Answers
Na and Cl transfer electrons to form ions and create an ionic bond. The correct answer is D.
Thus, sodium is a metal having one electron in its outer shell, and chlorine is a non-metal, which requires one electron to complete its outer shell. Sodium easily loses its outer electron to become stable, becoming a positively charged ion, and chlorine accepts that electron to become a negatively charged ion, thereby, creating an ionic bond.
The opposite charges of sodium and chlorine attract each other, and the ionic bond is formed. The transfer of electrons from one atom to another is a characteristic of an ionic bond.
Thus, the ideal selection is option D.
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What carbohydrate is held together by glycosidic bonds? Select all that apply.
glucose
sucrose
galactose
chitin
amylose
Answers
The carbohydrates that are held together by glycosidic bonds are galactose and amylose.
Glycosidic bonds are formed when two monosaccharides, such as galactose and amylose, are joined together by a covalent bond. This bond is formed by a reaction between the hydroxyl group of one monosaccharide and the carbonyl group of another monosaccharide.
Galactose and amylose are both glucose-based carbohydrates and are found in plants and animals. In plants, galactose and amylose are components of starch, a complex carbohydrate that provides energy for animals.
Amylose is also a component of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants. Glycosidic bonds are important as they hold together the monosaccharides of carbohydrates and allow them to form complex structures.
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Which occurs in both the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle?
Answers
Answer: Hijacking of host cell's metabolic action
Answer: D is the answer.
Explanation:
Objectives:
1. To explore the existing threats that are degrading the oceanic environment.
2. To evaluate human activity's impacts, particularly overfishing, bycatch, irresponsible fish farming, garbage, ocean acidification, algal blooms, offshore drilling, destruction of habitat and coral reefs, ocean warming, etc. on marine environments and consequently on the services they provide.
3. To suggest solutions/strategies to improve the current issue (Solutions can involve individual actions, economic or political strategies).
Guidelines/Questions:
• Write a research report that tries to persuade the reader of the need to create a sustainable marine environment that will support marine resources.
The report should be (1200 – 1500 words) and includes all the following deliverables (students are requested to choose one particular issue out of the several issues mentioned in the objectives)
Introduction that establishes the main issue/position to be argued
Analysis that evaluates the evidence of anthropogenic activities and how these can impact marine organisms.
A conclusion that includes your stance on the topic and suggested strategies, based on the evidence presented.
Answers
Based on the evidence presented, it is crucial to recognize the urgent need to create a sustainable marine environment that supports marine resources.
Title: Creating a Sustainable Marine Environment to Preserve Marine Resources
Introduction: The world's oceans are facing numerous threats that are degrading their environment and endangering the delicate balance of marine ecosystems. This research report aims to explore the existing threats and evaluate the impacts of human activities on marine environments, with a focus on the issue of overfishing. By analyzing the evidence of anthropogenic activities and their consequences, we can understand the urgency and importance of creating a sustainable marine environment to support marine resources.
Analysis: To evaluate human activity's impacts, particularly overfishing, bycatch, irresponsible fish farming, garbage, ocean acidification, algal blooms, offshore drilling, destruction of habitat and coral reefs, ocean warming
Overfishing: Overfishing is a significant concern that poses a severe threat to marine ecosystems and their resources. Unregulated and excessive fishing practices have resulted in the depletion of fish populations, disturbing the intricate food web and leading to ecosystem imbalance. Furthermore, the loss of certain fish species has cascading effects on the entire ecosystem, affecting other marine organisms and their habitats.Bycatch: Irresponsible fishing practices often lead to high rates of bycatch, which refers to the unintended capture of non-target species. This issue results in the unnecessary loss of marine life, including endangered species such as sea turtles, dolphins, and seabirds. Bycatch not only impacts biodiversity but also disrupts the functioning of ecosystems, compromising their stability.Irresponsible Fish Farming: The rapid expansion of fish farming, or aquaculture, has led to various environmental concerns. Unregulated and intensive fish farming practices often result in pollution from excess feed, antibiotics, and waste products, which can harm surrounding marine environments. Additionally, the escape of farmed fish poses a threat to wild populations through genetic dilution and the transmission of diseases.Pollution and Garbage: The ocean acts as a sink for various forms of pollution, including plastics, chemical pollutants, and oil spills. These contaminants have adverse effects on marine organisms, ranging from entanglement and ingestion to physiological damage and disruption of reproductive processes. The accumulation of plastic debris and other waste not only affects marine life but also contributes to the degradation of habitats such as coral reefs and seagrass beds.Ocean Acidification: Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, contribute to the acidification of the oceans. This phenomenon affects the growth and survival of marine organisms with calcium carbonate structures, including coral reefs, shellfish, and certain planktonic species. Acidification jeopardizes the marine food web, as it impacts the base of the food chain and has far-reaching consequences for higher trophic levels.Conclusion: Based on the evidence presented, it is crucial to recognize the urgent need to create a sustainable marine environment that supports marine resources. To address the issues discussed, a multi-faceted approach is required, involving individual actions, economic incentives, and political strategies. Some suggested solutions and strategies include:
By adopting the solutions and strategies, we can take significant steps toward preserving marine resources and creating a sustainable marine environment that supports the well-being of both marine organisms and human communities dependent on the ocean's services. The protection and restoration of our oceans are paramount for the long-term sustainability and resilience of our planet.
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How does over-irrigation lead to salinization?
Answers
Answer:
The over-irrigation of soil leads to water penetrating into deep soil layers and dissolving the salt present there. As the water evaporates out of the soil, the salt is drawn towards the surface with the water. This results in salt accumulating near the surface and reducing soil fertility.
Explanation:
exact answer on edg
Over-irrigation of a piece of land can lead to salinization as the soil already contains some salts and the water which is added to it also has some salts which leads to overall increase in the salt content of the soil.
What is Salinization?
Soil salinity is the total salt content which is present in the soil. The process of increasing the salt content of soil is known as salinization. Salts usually occur naturally within the soils and water in a specific amount. Salinization of the soil can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of ocean.
Over-irrigation of an area can lead to salinization as most irrigation waters contain some salts in limited amounts. After irrigation, the water added to the soil is utilized by the crop or evaporates directly from the moist soil into the atmosphere. After evaporation, salt is left behind in the soil. If this salt is not removed, it accumulates deeper in the soil and thus leads to salinization.
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How was it determined that DNA (rather than something else, e.g. protein) was likely to carry information related to heritable traits
Answers
The discovery that DNA (rather than something else, e.g. protein) was likely to carry information related to heritable traits came from a series of experiments conducted by several scientists over several decades.
Heritable traits are characteristics or traits that are passed down from parents to offspring through genetic material, such as DNA. These traits can be physical or behavioral and can influence an individual's appearance, abilities, and susceptibility to certain diseases.
Heritable traits are determined by variations in DNA sequences, called alleles, that code for different versions of a specific gene. In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit half of their genetic material from each parent, and the combination of alleles from both parents determines the traits of the offspring.
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_ Which three statements correctly describe the roles or RNA molecules in the process of transcription and translation in animal cells?
a. Small RNA molecules in the RNA polymerase catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides in the growing messenger RNA
b. Messenger RNA molecules carry genetic information from the gene in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
c. Transfer RNA molecules carry the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide
d. Genomic RNA molecules store genetic information and transmit it to an individual’s offspring
e. Ribosomal RNA molecules function in the assembly of the ribosome-mRNA complex and in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in the growing polypeptide.
Answers
The three statements that correctly describes the role of RNA in transcription and translation are as follows:
Messenger RNA molecules carry genetic information from the gene in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.Transfer RNA molecules carry the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide.Ribosomal RNA molecules function in the assembly of the ribosome-mRNA complex and in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in the growing polypeptide.ROLE OF RNA:
Transcription is the process whereby a mRNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template while translation is the process whereby an amino acid sequence is synthesized from mRNA. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is one of the two nucleic acids that performs varying functions in the processes of transcription and translation. There are three types of RNA namely: mRNA, tRNA, rRNA. mRNA or messenger RNA molecules carry genetic information from the gene in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.tRNA or transfer RNA molecules carry the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide.rRNA or ribosomal RNA molecules function in the assembly of the ribosome-mRNA complex and in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in the growing polypeptide.Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/20123590?referrer=searchResults
Where does the new mass of a plant come from as it grows.
Answers
The new mass of a plant comes from a combination of sources as it grows. Primarily, it comes from photosynthesis, where the plant uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This glucose is then used to create new cells and structures within the plant, leading to an increase in mass. Additionally, the plant may absorb nutrients from the soil or from fertilizers applied to it, which can also contribute to its growth and increase in mass.
Hi! As a plant grows, its new mass primarily comes from the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and water (H2O) from the soil. Using sunlight as an energy source, plants convert these components into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The glucose is then used as building blocks for plant growth, contributing to the increase in mass. In summary:
1. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and water.
2. Photosynthesis occurs, converting CO2 and H2O into glucose and oxygen.
3. Glucose is used for plant growth, increasing its mass.
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Some fossils have been trapped and preserved in tar.
True
False
Answers
Answer:
its false because some fossils are over millions of years old
Explanation:
hi my sky betteljust
Answers
Answer:
pls mark brainliest pls I need one more
Explanation:
please please please help me on me I need it ASAP
Answers
1. C
2. B
Which of the following is true of allosteric regulation concerning glycogen metabolism? (Select ALL that apply.(a)Consumes additional energy(B)Easily reversible(c)Causes a large response of the signal(d)Requires an amino acid with a hydroxyl group(e)Requires a binding site other than the active site
Answers
Allosteric regulation concerning glycogen metabolism involves the following;
(b) Easily reversible
(e) Requires a binding site other than the active site.
Allosteric regulation refers to the changes in the shape of an enzyme that occur when a molecule binds to a region outside the active site of an enzyme. The molecule is referred to as an allosteric regulator or a modulator, and the binding event causes a conformational change in the enzyme, which modifies its activity.
Therefore, we can say that the following is true of allosteric regulation concerning glycogen metabolism:(b) Easily reversible(e) Requires a binding site other than the active site
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Which food would be best for a child who has weak teeth and bones? (according to the table)
Food: ________
Explanation: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Answers
Answer:
Milk
Explanation:
It contains High calcium which will help to strengthen the teeth and bones of said child
___ Phrenic nerve ___ Median nerve ___ Tibial nerve ___ Radial nerve ___ Femoral nerve ___ Ulnar nerve ___ Common fibular nerve ___ Musculocutaneous nerve A. Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin B. Posterior thigh and leg muscles, foot C. Diaphragm D. Some forearm flexors, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand E. Posterior arm muscles, forearm extensors, skin on lateral hand F. Anterior arm muscles, skin on lateral forearm G. Most forearm flexors, skin on anterior and lateral hand H. Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg
Answers
The phrenic nerve is responsible for breathing, while the median nerve innervates some forearm muscles, the tibial nerve innervates the posterior thigh and leg muscles, the radial nerve innervates the posterior arm muscles, the femoral nerve innervates the anterior and medial thigh and leg muscles, the ulnar nerve innervates most forearm flexors, and the common fibular nerve innervates the anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin.
the nerves with their corresponding functions. Here are the correct matches:
A. Anterior and lateral leg muscles and skin - Common fibular nerve
B. Posterior thigh and leg muscles, foot - Tibial nerve
C. Diaphragm - Phrenic nerve
D. Some forearm flexors, most intrinsic hand muscles, skin on medial hand - Ulnar nerve
E. Posterior arm muscles, forearm extensors, skin on lateral hand - Radial nerve
F. Anterior arm muscles, skin on lateral forearm - Musculocutaneous nerve
G. Most forearm flexors, skin on anterior and lateral hand - Median nerve
H. Anterior thigh muscles, skin on anterior and medial thigh and leg - Femoral nerve
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Which type of macromolecule is a product of
photosynthesis?
Answers
Answer:
During photosynthesis, the biological macromolecule glucose is produced. Glucose is a simple sugar that is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
A compound light microscope can generally see objects as no smaller than a _____.
Answers
A compound light microscope can generally see objects as no smaller than a small bacterium.
What is a compound light microscope?A compound light microscope is one that has multiple lenses and its own light source. In this kind of microscope, the binocular eyepieces house the ocular lenses, while the rotating nosepiece is placed closer to the specimen and houses the objective lenses.A compound microscope, which has higher magnification levels than stereo microscopes, employs a compound lens to observe objects such as cell structures, blood, or water species that cannot be seen at lower magnification.A stereo microscope will provide a magnification of 10x–40x whereas a compound microscope will normally provide a magnification in the range of 40x–1000x. The compound light microscope is a device with two magnifying lenses and a number of knobs for moving and focusing the specimen.
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How does DNA fit inside a cell?
Answers
A condition known as varicose veins is due to leaky venous valves and causes blood to accumulate in veins. Why are valves found in veins, especially those in the lower extremities
Answers
Varicose veins are a form of chronic venous insufficiency, or a defect in the veins that prevents them from pumping blood properly.
What are venous valves?These consist of two elastic flaps of tissue that alternately open and close allowing blood to flow through the valve to another vein.
These work in conjunction with the musculoskeletal system, the muscles are constantly tensing and releasing, a pattern that causes the valves to open and close as needed.
Many veins are found, especially in the lower extremities, because they have valves that act in only one direction, a tightening of the muscles results in an opening of the valves, while a relaxation of the muscles results in the closing of the valves.
Therefore, we can conclude that one of the main functions of the venous valves is to guarantee the adequate return of blood to the heart, if a return flow occurs, the blood can begin to accumulate in the veins, potentially damaging them.
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the only preaustralopithecine found outside the east african rift valley is: group of answer choices orrorin tugenensis. ardipithecus kadabba. sahelanthropus tchadensis. ardipithecus ramidus.
Answers
The only preaustralopithecine found outside the East African Rift Valley is Sahelanthropus tchadensis.
Pre-Australopithecines is the informal term that is used to describe a group of extinct hominids that existed before the Australopithecines. They are considered the earliest species of human-like primates. They lived around 5.5 to 7 million years ago and are known to have lived in forested areas of Africa, which is different from the later hominids that lived in savannah-like environments. This group includes the following species: Sahelanthropus tchadensis,Orrorin tugenensis, Ardipithecus kadabba, Ardipithecus ramidus. The only preaustralopithecine found outside the East African Rift Valley is Sahelanthropus tchadensis.
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if all cells contain the exact same copy of DNA, how do they become specialized?
Answers
Even if all the cells have the same DNA they biochemical function are different, that's because differents sets of genes must be turned on and off in each cell type by the action of enzymes and other molecules. Each cell have the same 20,000 or so genes but they are biochemically selected by the action of molecules as hormones and chemical signaling. Therefore, different cells use different parts of the DNA code as directions.
At the end of this process in this cell, each DNA strand is...
Completely built new with a different code
Is one half the original DNA and one half new DNA with the same code as the original strand preserved
Is one half the original DNA and one half new DNA with a different code
Answers
Answer:
Is one half the original DNA and one half new DNA with the same code as the original strand preserved
Explanation:
I am assuming the process is DNA replication.
The process of DNA replication:
step 1- the DNA double helix unwinds using an enzyme called dna helicase. Proteins hold the strands apart from each other forming a Y shape called the replication fork.
step 2- At the replication fork, enzymes called DNA polymerase move along each of the DNA strands adding complementary bases to the nitrogen bases using base pairing rules.
step 3- DNA polymerases add nucleotides to a growing double helix until all the DNA is copied
result- 2 new DNA molecules, each made of one original strand and one copied strand
7. Which of these will NOT produce a spore?A. A green fern in the woodsB. Algae on the oceanC. An ear of corn in a corn fieldD. Mosses attached on rocks and walls
Answers
An ear of corn in a corn field will not produce spores as it belongs to the angiosperms group and reproduces through seeds rather than spores.
Corn, or maize, is a flowering plant and belongs to the angiosperms group. Angiosperms reproduce through the production of seeds rather than spores. In the case of corn, the ears contain seeds, which are the result of sexual reproduction. These seeds develop within the ovary of the flower and are not produced through the process of spore formation.
In contrast, options A, B, and D are associated with organisms that do produce spores. Green ferns, algae in the ocean, and mosses are all examples of plants or organisms that reproduce via spores. Spores are single-celled reproductive structures that can develop into new individuals without the need for fertilization.
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22. Highlight the correct answer of each underlined pair. UV radiation has shorter longer
wavelengths and
lower/higher energy than visible light and infrared radiation.
Answers
Answer:
shorter and higher
Explanation:
UV is further along in the EM spectrum so has a higher frequency and shorter wavelengths than visible light.