Answer:
yes
Explanation:
Anything that is verifiable and repeatable is likely to be true. If not verifiable and repeatable, then it may well be completely false, or at least partially false.
This holds for much more than just religious beliefs. What about political thought? One perfect example was when President Obama was pushing his ACA (Obamacare). His facile claim was that with medical coverage for all, the costs of health care would go down. Because people would take better care of themselves, avoiding those major medical bills. But that's just a banality, right? Just words that sound good. I'm not saying that morally, universal health care is wrong. I am saying, don't assume something to be true just because it sounds good. (Of course, health care costs went up, not down.)
Is it true that if you get your car washed every week, it will last longer and cost you less in the long run? Of course not. But it sounds good. People will nod their heads in mindless, lazy agreement. You'll have a cleaner car, you will most likely pay more, and it may last less long, depending on any number of factors. Exactly the same as health care
4 grams of hydrogen and 32 grams of oxygen will combine to form:
A: 36 grams
B: 28 grams of hydroxide
C: 32 grams of Oxygen
D: 36 grams of deuterium
Based on the mole ratio of the reaction, 4 grams of hydrogen and 32 grams of oxygen will combine to form 36 grams of water; option A
What is the mole ratio of the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen?The mole ratio of a reaction is the ratio in which the moles of reactants combine to form products.
The mole ratio of a reaction is obtained from the balanced equation of the reaction.
The balanced equation of the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is given below:
2 H₂ + O₂ ---> 2 H₂OBased on the equation of the reaction, 2 moles of hydrogen combines with 1 mole of oxygen to form 2 moles of water.
4 grams of hydrogen = 2 moles of hydrogen
32 grams of oxygen = 1 mole of water
Mass of 2 moles of water = 2 * 18 g
Mass of 2 moles of water = 36 g of water.
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C.
1. Newton's first law of motion states than an object's motion will not change unless
a. the net force acting on it is greater than zero.
b. a force continues to be applied to the object.
its inertia is stronger than the applied force.
d. the object has no inertia.
2. Overcoming an object's inertia always requires a(n)
a. large mass.
b. massive force.
c. unbalanced force.
d. two of the above
Answer:
1. C.
2. B
Explanation:
1. Newton's first law of motion states that an object's motion will not change unless an unbalanced force acts on the object. If the object is at rest, it will stay at rest. If the object is in motion, it will stay in motion.
2. Option b is your answer
In order to stop the inertia of a object
Force must be applied in opposition
BONUS:
I'm sure you have many questions. And I can give some of their answers too.
BONUS QUESTIONS:
(with answers, answers in the options are in BOLD)
Newton’s first law of motion states than an object’s motion will not change unless
O the net force acting on it is greater than zero.
O a force continues to be applied to the object.
O its inertia is stronger than the applied force.
O the object has no inertia.
20. Overcoming an object’s inertia always requires a(n)
O large mass.
O massive force.
O unbalanced force.
O two of the above
21. It is more difficult to start a 50-kg box sliding across the floor than a 5-kg box because the 50-kg box has greater
O mass.
O inertia.
O volume.
O velocity.
22. An object’s velocity will not change unless it is acted on by a(n)
O net force.
O strong force.
O unbalanced force.
O opposite but equal force.
23. Which force slows a skateboard when a skateboarder puts a foot down to brake?
O motion
O gravity
O friction
O inertia
24. If two arm wrestlers exert a force on each other’s hands, and the hands don’t move, the forces must be ______________________.
O balanced
O unbalanced
O weak
O strong
5
25. The first law of motion says that an object at rest will remain at rest unless …
O it continues in a straight line
O a nearby star acts on it
O an outside force acts on it
O it is placed on a flat surface
26. According to the third law of motion, for every action there is ….
O a force sending it backward
O an equal and opposite reaction
O a greater force pushing on it
O a movement in all directions.
27. If one car moves ahead of another car that is traveling in the same direction, do the cars have the same velocity?
O No, they are traveling in different directions.
O Yes, they are traveling in the same direction.
O No, the cars are traveling at different speeds.
O Yes, the direction and speed of the cars is the same.
28. Do two skaters traveling in different directions at the same speed have the same velocity?
O No, because the direction is different
O No, because the skaters are different
O Yes, because the speed is the same
O Yes, because the acceleration is the same
29. A pull or push that acts on an object is called a(n)
O force
O acceleration
O speed
O gravity
30. __________ is the pull that all objects exert on each other.
O Resistance
O Friction
O Inertia
O Gravity
THANK YOU! Please Mark me brainliest, I anSwered extra questions too!
Have a great day studying!
A. H2OB. NH3C. BH3D. CH4E. SiH4Which has two lone pairs of electrons
The molecule that has two lone pairs of electrons is B. \(NH_{3}\).
Ammonia has a central nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one lone pair of electrons. The lone pair of electrons is located in a region of space that is not occupied by any other atom or bond. This region of space is called the electron cloud or electron pair. The lone pair of electrons in ammonia is important because it affects the shape and reactivity of the molecule.
The lone pair of electrons repel the bonding pairs of electrons, causing the molecule to have a trigonal pyramidal shape. This shape allows for the molecule to have a dipole moment, which means that it has a positive and negative end.
The lone pair of electrons also makes ammonia a Lewis base, which means that it can donate a pair of electrons to another molecule or ion. This property of ammonia makes it an important component in many chemical reactions and processes, such as the production of fertilizers and the formation of amino acids in living organisms.
In summary, \(NH_{3}\) or ammonia has two lone pairs of electrons that affect its shape, reactivity, and Lewis basicity. Understanding the role of lone pairs of electrons is important in understanding the behavior of molecules and their interactions with other substances. Therefore, Option B is correct.
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how many millimoles of naoh or hcl must be added to 500.0 ml of a 0.250 m na ho2cc)2- to prepare a ph3.90 buffer
To prepare a pH 3.90 buffer using 500.0 mL of a 0.250 M Na(HO₂CC)²⁻ solution, you would need to add approximately 0.774 mmol of HCl.
To prepare a buffer at a specific pH, you need to consider the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])
In this case, Na(HO₂CC)²⁻ is the conjugate base (A-) and its acid form (HA) is not mentioned. Let's assume that the acid form is HO₂CCOH. The pKa of this weak acid is not provided, so we'll use a typical pKa value for a carboxylic acid, which is around 4.75.
To achieve a pH of 3.90, we can rearrange the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as follows:
3.90 = 4.75 + log([A⁻]/[HA])
Simplifying:
-0.85 = log([A⁻]/[HA])
Taking the antilog of both sides:
10^(-0.85) = [A⁻]/[HA]
[A⁻]/[HA] ≈ 0.139
Given that the initial concentration of [A⁻] is 0.250 M, the initial concentration of [HA] can be calculated as:
[HA] ≈ [A⁻] / 0.139 ≈ 0.250 / 0.139 ≈ 1.798 M
Now, to prepare a buffer, we need to add HCl to convert the base (A-) to its acid form (HA). The moles of HCl required can be calculated as:
moles of HCl = (initial moles of [HA]) - (moles of [HA] remaining)
moles of HCl = (initial concentration of [HA] × volume in liters) - (final concentration of [HA] × volume in liters)
moles of HCl = (1.798 M × 0.500 L) - (0.250 M × 0.500 L)
moles of HCl ≈ 0.899 - 0.125
moles of HCl ≈ 0.774 mmol
Therefore, you would need to add approximately 0.774 mmol of HCl to prepare the pH 3.90 buffer.
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Aluminum foil, cast iron pans, copper pipes, graphite, and sea water can be classified as
A) insulators because free electron flow is hindered by the structure of the material.
Eliminate
B) conductors because electrons can move freely from one atom to another creating a current.
C) superconductors because they provide no resistance to electron flow through the material.
D) semiconductors because electron movement is dependent on the conditions - such as temperature and voltage.
answer
C) is the answer ⟵(๑¯◡¯๑)
Perform the following operationand express the answer inscientific notation.7.15x103 x 6.10x10-5[ ? ]x10! ?)Coefficient (green)Exponent (yellow)-1Enter
Answer:
Explanations:
Given the operation below:
\((7.15\times10^3)\times(6.10\times10^{-5})\)Grouping the operation into standard and exponential values will give:
\(\begin{gathered} (7.15\times6.10)\times(10^3\times`0^{-5}) \\ \end{gathered}\)Simplify the result
\(\begin{gathered} (43.615)\times(10^{3+(-5)}) \\ (43.615)\times10^{-2} \end{gathered}\)Write the resulting product in standard form:
\(\begin{gathered} =4.3615\times10^1\times10^{-2} \\ =4.3615\times10^{1-2} \\ =4.3615\times10^{-1} \end{gathered}\)Hence the coefficient (green) is 4.3615 and the exponent (yellow) is -1.
If you were to observe the liquid evaporating away what would you see forming at
the bottom of the evaporating basin?
The nucleus of a helium atom is identical to: A) a gamma particle B) an alpha particle C) a beta particle D) all of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Answer:
B. Alpha Particles
Explanation:
P: Have a Nice Day!
a sci2 molecule has __ bonds and a __ molecular shape. As a result, SCI2 molecule is ___
How many moles of nitrogen are in 1 mole of Al(NO3)3?
O A. 4 moles of nitrogen
O B. 1 mole of nitrogen
C. 3 moles of nitrogen
O D. 7 moles of nitrogen
Answer:
c i think
Explanation:
A chemist is trying to classify an unknown substance as either a metal or nonmetal. What question should the chemist use to help classify the material?
A. Does the material feel hard to the
touch?
B. Does the material feel rough or smooth?
C. Is the material a good conductor or a poor conductor?
D. Will the material float in water?
Please Help me!!!
Answer:
c
Explanation:
metals are good conductors, while non metals are not good conductors
The number of neutrons does equal the ______ minus the _______ , or number of _____
A sample of copper is heated to 100°C and placed into a calorimeter containing 50 g of water at 25°C after a few minutes the final temperature of the system reaches 40°C how much heat in joules was released by the copper Sample
Answer:
Heat = 3138J
Explanation:
In the system, the sample of Copper is releasing heat that produce the increasing in the temperature of water.
Using the equation of calorimeter, we can find the heat released for the sample of copper (The same that is absorbed for the water):
Q = C×m×ΔT
Where Q is heat, C is specific heat (For water: 4.184J/molK), m is the mass of water (50g) and ΔT is change in temperature of water (40°C-25°C = 15°C)
Replacing:
Q = 4.184J/molK×50g×15°C
Q = 3138J is the heat released for the sample of Copper (The same absorbed for the water).
Answer:
heat=3138j
Explanation:
In the system, the sample of Copper is releasing heat that produce the increasing in the temperature of water.
Using the equation of calorimeter, we can find the heat released for the sample of copper (The same that is absorbed for the water):
Q = C×m×ΔT
Where Q is heat, C is specific heat (For water: 4.184J/molK), m is the mass of water (50g) and ΔT is change in temperature of water (40°C-25°C = 15°C)
Replacing:
Q = 4.184J/molK×50g×15°C
Q = 3138J is the heat released for the sample of Copper (The same absorbed for the water).
Write the chemical formula for the cation present in the aqueous solution of Zn(C2H3O2)2. Express your answer as a chemical formula. Do not include coefficients or phases in your response.
The chemical formula for the cation present in the aqueous solution of Zn(C2H3O2)2 is Zn2+.
In the compound Zn(C2H3O2)2, the cation is represented by the symbol Zn, which stands for zinc. The subscript 2+ indicates that the zinc ion has a charge of +2. The acetate ions (C2H3O2-) in the compound carry a total charge of -2 to balance the charge of the zinc cation.
When the compound Zn(C2H3O2)2 dissolves in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions. In the aqueous solution, the zinc cations (Zn2+) and acetate anions (C2H3O2-) are separated and surrounded by water molecules. The presence of the Zn2+ cation in the solution indicates the availability of zinc ions for chemical reactions or further interactions in the solution.
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what do the letters in the boxes of the periodic table represent
Answer:
The letters are a one- or two-letter symbol assigned to each element.
Explanation:
Suppose the concentrations of all reactants is kept the same, but the temperature is raised by from to:
Certainly! In a chemical reaction, the temperature plays a significant role in determining the rate and extent of the reaction. When the temperature is increased, several changes occur due to the higher energy level within the system.
Firstly, raising the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the reactant molecules. This results in more frequent and energetic collisions between the reactant particles, which in turn increases the reaction rate.
According to the Arrhenius equation, an increase in temperature leads to a higher rate constant, meaning the reaction proceeds faster.
Moreover, a higher temperature provides more thermal energy to overcome the activation energy barrier required for the reaction to occur. This allows a larger fraction of reactant molecules to possess sufficient energy for successful collisions and formation of products.
Consequently, the equilibrium position of the reaction may shift towards the products, resulting in a higher yield of desired products.
However, it's important to note that not all reactions respond similarly to temperature changes. Some reactions may be exothermic, releasing heat energy, while others may be endothermic, absorbing heat energy. In exothermic reactions, an increase in temperature can decrease the equilibrium yield, as the forward reaction is favored to release excess heat.
Conversely, an increase in temperature can favor the endothermic reaction in endothermic reactions, resulting in a higher equilibrium yield of products.
In summary, raising the temperature in a chemical reaction generally leads to an increase in the reaction rate and can affect the equilibrium position, depending on the nature of the reaction and whether it is exothermic or endothermic.
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A gas sample has a volume of 0.329 L with an unknown temperature. The same gas has a volume of 0.219 L when the temperature is 30. °C, with no change in the pressure or amount of gas. Part A What was the initial temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the gas? Express your answer as an integer and include the appropriate units. μ μA Ω % O Å SSS ?
The initial temperature in degrees Celsius, of the gas, given that the gas has volume of 0.219 L when the temperature is 30 °C is 182.19 °C
How do i determine the initial temperature of the gas?From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Initial volume (V₁) = 0.329 LFinal pressure (P₂) = 0.219 LFinal temperature (T₂) = 30 °C = 30 + 273 = 303 KInitial temperature (T₁) =?Now, we can obtain the initial temperature of the gas by using the Charles' law equation as shown below:
V₁ / = V₂ / T₂
0.329 / T₁ = 0.219 / 303
Cross multiply
T₁ × 0.219 = 0.329 × 303
Divide both side by 130
T₁ = (0.329 × 303) / 0.219
= 455.19 K
Subtract 273 to obtain answer in °C
= 455.19 - 273 K
= 182.19 °C
Thus, from the above calculation, we can conclude that the initial temperature is 182.19 °C
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age
Which of the following has the greatest mass?
Select one:
1.0 mole of Zn
1.0 mole of Cu
1.0 mole of Fe
they all have the same mass
Answer:
Option (2)
Explanation:
Since the amount of each sample is the same, we are looking for the metal with the greatest density, which is copper.
4.why does the volume of water added to dissolve the potassium hydrogen phthalate, khp, not matter?
The volume of water added to dissolve potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) does not matter because the mass of KHP used is known and it will dissolve completely in any volume of water.
In volumetric analysis, the primary objective is to find the exact concentration of an analyte in a given solution. Analyte refers to the substance whose concentration is to be determined.In order to measure the analyte concentration, the known volume of the titrant of known concentration is added to the analyte until the endpoint is reached.Endpoint refers to the point in a titration where the reaction between the analyte and titrant is complete. The endpoint can be detected by observing a physical change in the system.In the case of KHP, it dissolves completely in any volume of water.
Therefore, the mass of KHP used can be accurately measured and dissolved in any volume of water. As a result, the volume of water added to dissolve the KHP does not affect the accuracy of the experiment.In summary, the volume of water added to dissolve KHP does not matter because the mass of KHP used is known and it will dissolve completely in any volume of water.
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An example of boyle's law problem with solution
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when the temperature is constant.
Mathematically, Boyle's Law can be expressed as P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume.
Here's an example problem with a solution that uses Boyle's Law:
Example problem:
A sample of gas has a volume of 5.0 L at a pressure of 2.0 atm. If the pressure is increased to 4.0 atm, what will be the new volume of the gas?
Solution:
According to Boyle's Law, P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 = 2.0 atm, V1 = 5.0 L, and P2 = 4.0 atm.
Substituting these values into the equation, we get:
(2.0 atm)(5.0 L) = (4.0 atm)(V2)
Simplifying the equation, we get:
10 L atm = 4.0 atm V2
Dividing both sides by 4.0 atm, we get:
V2 = 10 L atm / 4.0 atm
V2 = 2.5 L
Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 2.5 when the pressure is increased to 4.0 atm.
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why do the nonmetal ions change from being soluble in solution to insoluble at the surface of the anode (the positive electrode)?
Nonmetal ions change from being soluble to insoluble at the surface of the anode due to the process of oxidation and the formation of insoluble compounds.
When a nonmetal ion approaches the surface of the anode (the positive electrode), it undergoes oxidation. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, leading to the formation of new chemical species. In this case, the nonmetal ion is converted into a nonmetallic compound that is insoluble in the solution.
At the anode, electrons are being removed from the nonmetal ions, causing a change in their chemical properties. This change can result in the formation of new compounds that have reduced solubility compared to the original nonmetal ion.
The specific compound formed and its solubility characteristics depend on the nature of the nonmetal ion and the conditions of the electrochemical system. Factors such as pH, temperature, and the presence of other ions in the solution can influence the formation of insoluble compounds.
Overall, the change from solubility to insolubility at the surface of the anode is a result of the electrochemical processes occurring during oxidation, leading to the formation of new compounds that are no longer soluble in the solution.
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You need to make an aqueous solution of 0.173 M zinc fluoride for an experiment in lab, using a 500 mL volumetric flask. How much solid zinc fluoride should you add
Answer:
About 8.94.
Explanation:
Because we are given a 500. mL volumetric flask, the solution will have a volume of 500. mL.
Find the number of moles of zinc fluoride needed. Recall that molarity is simply moles per liter of solution:
\(\displaystyle 500.\text{ mL} \cdot \frac{0.173\text{ mol ZnF$_2$}}{1\text{ L}} \cdot \frac{1\text{ L}}{1000\text{ mL}} = 0.0865\text{ mol ZnF$_2$}\)
Convert this to grams. The molecular weight of zinc fluoride is 103.38 g/mol:
\(\displaystyle 0.0865\text{ mol ZnF$_2$} \cdot \frac{103.38\text{ g ZnF$_2$}}{1\text{ mol ZnF$_2$}} = 8.94\text{ g ZnF$_2$}\)
In conclusion, about 8.94 grams of solid zinc fluoride should be added.
4. Why does ammonia, NH3, behave as a base when it reacts with an acid?
A It accepts a neutron and becomes NH3+.
B It accepts a proton and becomes NH4+.
OC It donates a proton and becomes NH2
B is the answer ,ammonium accepts a proton and becomes ammonium ion
A 100.-gram sample of H2O(l) at 22.0°C absorbs 830. joules of heat. What will be the final temperature of the water?
Answer:23.976
Explanation:830j = 197.6 cal. 197.6/100g=1.976 degrees. plus 22 degrees =23.976
0.45 g of hydrated sodium carbonate crystals were heated until 3.87 of anhydrous power remained.
How many moles of water are there in one mole of hydrated salt?
Formula of hydrated sodium carbonate : Na₂CO₃.10H₂O, so moles of water in one mole of hydrated salt = 10
Further explanationHydrate is a compound that binds water (H₂O), usually in the form of crystals/ solids
If these compounds are dissolved in water or heated, the hydrates can decompose:
Example: X.YH₂O (s) → X (aq) + YH₂O (l)
The formula for the hydrated compound contains: YH2O
The mole ratio shows the ratio of the coefficients of the hydrate compound
10.45 hydrated sodium carbonate(Na₂CO₃.xH₂O) were heated until 3.87 of 3.87of anhydrous (Na₂CO₃) remained, so
mass H₂O released :
\(\tt 10.45-3.87=6.58~g\)
mass Na₂CO₃ = 3.87 g
mol ratio Na₂CO₃(MW= g/mol) : H₂O(MW=18 g/mol) =
\(\tt \dfrac{3.87}{105,9888}\div \dfrac{6.58}{18}=0.0365\div 0.3655=1\div 10\)
What does temperature surround when the kinetic energy is moving fast ?
When the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the object's thermal energy increases. Therefore, the thermal energy of an object increases as its temperature increases.
In chemistry, we define the temperature of a substance as the average kinetic energy of all the atoms or molecules of that substance. Not all of the particles of a substance have the same kinetic energy. At any given time, the kinetic energy of the particles can be represented by a distribution.
In physics, temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. ... When particles move more quickly, temperature is higher and an object feels warmer. When particles move more slowly, temperature is lower and an object feels cooler.
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10 A B AND C i need help with that
a) The statement "Bοth equatiοn l and ll are balanced, but Equatiοn II is the cοrrect way tο write the balanced equatiοn" is true.
B) Dividing Equatiοn II by a factοr wοuld change the ratiο and the meaning οf the equatiοn.
C) The mοst impοrtant idea is tο ensure that an equatiοn is balanced and the reactants and prοducts are cοrrectly identified and listed.
What is the name οf the dividing equatiοn?
A divisiοn equatiοn has a label fοr each cοmpοnent. The dividend, the fractiοn, and the sum are the three key terms. pay οut - The amοunt yοu are splitting up is the pay οut. The amοunt yοu are splitting by is knοwn as the divisοr Quοtient.
Tο οbtain Equatiοn II frοm Equatiοn I, we need tο reverse and multiply Equatiοn I by 2:
I: 2 SnO2 + 4 H2 → 2 Sn + 4 H2O
II: SnO2 + 2 H2 → Sn + 2 H2O
a) The statement "Bοth equatiοn l and ll are balanced, but Equatiοn II is the cοrrect way tο write the balanced equatiοn" is true.
b) Nο, we cannοt divide Equatiοn II by anοther factοr and still have it be cοrrect because the cοefficients in a balanced chemical equatiοn must represent the smallest whοle number ratiο οf the reactants and prοducts. Dividing any cοefficient by a factοr wοuld change the ratiο and thus change the meaning οf the equatiοn.
c) One methοd tο determine if an equatiοn is written in the cοrrect way is tο ensure that the equatiοn is balanced, meaning that the number οf atοms οf each element is equal οn bοth sides οf the equatiοn. Additiοnally, the cοefficients shοuld represent the smallest whοle number ratiο οf the reactants and prοducts, and the reactants and prοducts shοuld be cοrrectly identified and listed in the prοper οrder.
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Difference between chemical and physical property
For or an enzyme that obeys michaelis-menten kinetics, what is the reaction velocity, v, observed at the following substrate concentrations? express the result as a percentage of vmax.
a. If (S) = KM, then V/Vmax = ____%
b. If (S) = 2.00 KM, then V/Vmax = ____%
The answer to the given question is as follows:a. When the value of (S) equals KM, V/Vmax = 50%.b. When the value of (S) equals 2.00 KM, V/Vmax = 80%.
Michaelis-Menten Kinetics:Michaelis-Menten Kinetics describes the relationship between an enzyme's reaction velocity and substrate concentration. Michaelis-Menten Kinetics are governed by the following equation:
V = Vmax [S] / (KM + [S])
where [S] denotes substrate concentration and V denotes reaction velocity.
KM and Vmax are constants, with KM representing the Michaelis constant and Vmax representing the maximum reaction velocity.
Michaelis-Menten Kinetics obey the following laws:
• The enzyme reaction rate rises as substrate concentration rises.
• At high substrate concentrations, the rate of the enzyme reaction plateaus.
• The enzyme reaction rate increases linearly as substrate concentration rises at low substrate concentrations.
• The Michaelis constant is the substrate concentration that produces half of the maximum reaction velocity (Vmax/2).
The two parts of the question can be addressed as follows:a. If (S) = KM, then V/Vmax = 50%.b. If (S) = 2.00 KM, then V/Vmax = 80%.
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The positive sign of the energy difference in a chemical reaction would indicate that ..........
A) the chemicals are losing energy to the surroundings.
B) the chemicals are gaining energy from the surroundings.
Answer:
B) the chemicals are gaining energy from the surroundings.
Explanation:
The positive sign of the energy difference in a chemical reaction would indicate that the chemicals are gaining energy from the surroundings. This is what happens in an endothermic reaction.
In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed from the surroundings hence the surrounding becomes colder at the end of the changes.
Here the energy change is assigned a positive value. This is because the heat energy level of the final state is higher than that of the initial state. So, the difference gives a positive value.