The result of the given PowerShell code is:777333The code declares three variables:
$var1 as a string with the value "777", $var2 as an implicitly typed variable with the value 333, and $var3 as the result of concatenating $var1 and $var2. Since $var1 is a string and $var2 is not explicitly cast to a string, the concatenation operation results in a string concatenation rather than numerical addition.Therefore, the value of $var3 is the string "777333" obtained by concatenating the string value of $var1 ("777") with the string value of $var2 ("333")
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to cool a given room it is necessary to supply 4 ft3 /s of air through an 8-in.-diameter pipe. approximately how long is the entrance length in this pipe?
To cool a given room it is necessary to provide 4 ft³/s of air through an 8-inches diameter pipe, for this Entrance length in this pipe = 17.7 ft
Q = 4ft³/s
Diameter = D = 8 inches
Entrance length in this pipe = \(l_{e}\) = ?
By using flow rate formula:
V = Q/A
V= Q/ π/4*D²
= 4ft³/s / π/4 (8/12 ft)²
V= 11.5 ft/s
Thus, with ν = 1.57 x 10⁻⁴ft²/s (value from table)
Re = VD/ν
Re = 11.5 ft/s (8/12 ft)/1.57x10⁻⁴ft²/s
Re = 48,800 > 4000 (based on the criteria)
so, the flow is turbulent
Hence,
\(l_{e} / D\) = \(4.4 R_{e}^{1/6}\)
\(l_{e}\) = 4.4 (48,800)\(^{1/6}\) (8/12)
\(l_{e}\) = 17.7 ft
Entrance Length of an 8-inch diameter pipe = 17.7 ft
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Which of the following statements are true for application whitelisting and blacklisting? [Choose all that apply]
If an application or a specific path that contains the executables is blacklisted, then all executables within the defined path are blacklisted
Application blacklisting and whitelisting is always applied at the domain level
An administrator can blacklist or whitelist applications that the users can run using Software Restriction Policies
Software Restriction Policy for restricting applications applies only to an individual user and not to a group of users
Whitelisting is an application endpoint protection rule that, unless modified, implicitly blocks.
In accordance with the cybersecurity strategy known as "whitelisting," a user is only allowed to carry out operations on their computer that an administrator has expressly and in advance approved. Instead of attempting to keep one step ahead of cyber-attackers to recognize and stop bad code, IT staff instead creates a list of allowed programmed that a computer or mobile device can access. In essence, the user is restricted to a small set of functionalities, and the administrator has given permission for them to use those functions. When applied properly, whitelisting is a pretty strict lock-down method that can stop many cybersecurity problems. It requires careful setup and adequate continuous maintenance, isn't a perfect defense against attacks, and can be fairly cumbersome and inconvenient for users.
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Technician a says that containers for dirty shop rags should be made of metal. technician b says that these containers should have a lid that stays closed. which technician is correct?
The opinion of both the technicians is correct that containers for dirty shop rags should be made of metal and those containers should have a lid that stays closed. So both the technicians are correct.
What exactly does a technician do?Professionals with technical expertise are hired in practically every business. They are asked to service, install, replace, and repair numerous systems and pieces of equipment. They are adept at the requisite knowledge, abilities, and methods required by their line of work, which includes the automotive, maintenance, HVAC, and pharmaceutical industries.
Technicians examine, decipher, and debug client equipment and systems. They conduct tests and analyze the data to formulate sound suggestions for mending defective or damaged equipment. They will negotiate prices with suppliers and clients to obtain replacement parts as necessary during repairs.
Hence, both the technicians are correct because a metal container having a lid on it will isolate the dirty shop rags. After putting all the rags inside the metal container, put on the lid to it to isolate it from the surroundings.
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Help me for this question
A force of 100,000 N is applied to a 10 mm x 20 mm iron bar having a yield strength of 400 MPa and a tensile strength of 480 MPa. Answer the following question: (i) Calculate the stress applied to the iron bar. (ii) Determine if the iron bar will plastically deform after the force is applied.
(iii) Determine if the bar will experience necking after the force is applied.
The iron bar will plastically deform after the force is applied, and it will experience necking as well. It is essential to understand the strength and the stress capacity of materials to prevent failure, and this example demonstrates the importance of that.
(i) To calculate the stress applied to the iron bar, we need to divide the force by the cross-sectional area of the bar. The cross-sectional area of the bar is 10 mm x 20 mm = 200 mm^2. So, stress = force/area = 100,000 N/200 mm^2 = 500 MPa.
(ii) To determine if the iron bar will plastically deform after the force is applied, we need to compare the stress applied to the yield strength of the material. The yield strength of the iron bar is 400 MPa. As the stress applied (500 MPa) is greater than the yield strength, the bar will plastically deform after the force is applied.
(iii) To determine if the bar will experience necking after the force is applied, we need to compare the stress applied to the tensile strength of the material. The tensile strength of the iron bar is 480 MPa. As the stress applied (500 MPa) is greater than the tensile strength, the bar will experience necking after the force is applied.
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Why do pre-construction and design specialists typically take an interdisciplinary approach to their work? O to maximize employability options to draw on a varied creative tool set O to integrate well with other team members to understand the methods of the construction team Sign
Answer:
There are a few key benefits to a pre-construction and design specialist taking an interdisciplinary approach:
To maximize employability options. Having exposure to different fields and skills makes a specialist a more versatile and attractive job candidate. They can work across multiple areas of design, planning, architecture and construction.
To draw on a varied creative tool set. Exposure to fields like architecture, engineering, economics, sustainability and more provides many perspectives and solutions to tapping into. This leads to more innovative and well-rounded design thinking.
To integrate well with other team members. Understanding the methods, priorities, constraints and languages of fields like architecture, engineering, planning, and construction allows a specialist to collaborate more effectively. They can translate across disciplines and facilitate joined-up thinking.
To understand constraints and optimally balance priorities. No design or pre-construction problem has limitless options. An interdisciplinary approach helps gain insights into the constraints each field operates under and how to optimize solutions across ecological, economic, functional and other priorities.
To consider impacts holistically. Many impacts, like environmental sustainability, cost efficiency and user experience, span multiple disciplines. An interdisciplinary mindset is needed to evaluate options based on overall impact, not just impacts within one area of focus.
Of these options, I believe "To integrate well with other team members" is the strongest summary of why an interdisciplinary approach is so valuable for this type of specialist role. Understanding other fields in depth helps in collaborating, communicating clearly, addressing concerns proactively and finding optimal compromise - all of which are key to successfully interweaving different areas of expertise on a team.
Explanation:
A vibration system consists of a mass 50 kg, a spring of stiffness 30 kN/m and a damper. The
damping provided is only 20% of the critical value. Determine (a) the damping factor, (b) the
critical damping coefficient, (c) the natural frequency of the damped vibrations, (d) the
logarithmic decrement and (e) the ratio of two consecutive amplitudes.
Answer:
20% of the critical value. Determine (a) the damping factor, (b) the
Explanation:
1.3. If the surface tension coefficient of a fluid is 0,07 N/m and the radius
of the droplet is 2,5 mm. calculate:
1.3.1 surface tension force
(2)
1.3.2 difference in pressure of the droplet
(1)
Answer:
A) F = 0.011 N
B) ΔP = 5.6 N/m²
Explanation:
We are given;
surface tension coefficient; S = 0.07 N/m
Radius; r = 2.5 mm = 0.025 m
A) Formula to find the surface tension force(F) is given by;
F = SL
Where L is effective length = 2πr
F = 0.07 × 2π × 0.025
F = 0.011 N
B) Formula for difference in pressure droplet is;
ΔP = 2S/r
Thus;
ΔP = (2 × 0.07)/0.025
ΔP = 5.6 N/m²
water is to be pumped from the large tank shown with an exit velocity of 6 m/s. it was determined that the original pump (pump 1) that supplies 1 kw of power to the water did not produce the desired velocity. it is proposed that an additional pump (pump 2) be installed as indicated to increase the flowrate to the desired value. how much power (in kw) must pump 2 add to the water? the head loss for this flow is hl
Pump 2 must add approximately X kW of power to the water.
To determine the power required by Pump 2, we need to consider the change in kinetic energy of the water as it exits the tank. The kinetic energy can be calculated using the formula:
Kinetic Energy = (1/2) * mass * velocity^2
Since the water has an exit velocity of 6 m/s, we can calculate the initial kinetic energy. We are given that Pump 1 supplies 1 kW of power, so we can use this information to find the flow rate (Q) in kg/s using the equation:
Power (P) = Q * Head Loss (hl) * g
We know the velocity (V) is equal to the flow rate (Q) divided by the cross-sectional area (A) of the tank. Therefore:
Q = A * V
By substituting this equation into the power equation, we can solve for the flow rate Q:
1 kW = (A * V) * hl * g
Once we have the flow rate, we can determine the mass of water (m) using the equation:
mass = Q * density
With the mass and the exit velocity, we can calculate the initial kinetic energy. To achieve the desired velocity, the kinetic energy must increase. The additional power required by Pump 2 can be calculated by finding the difference between the final and initial kinetic energies.
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With respect to expanding opportunities for ICT environmental contributions, what term is associated with the issues such as LEED Certified Buildings, Smart Motors, and Industrial Robots?
Nowadays, you can link practically all of your home's appliances to a single device and operate it from anywhere. A better use of time is made possible through productivity apps.
What opportunities for ICT environmental contributions?The most pressing climatic concerns facing the globe can be addressed with the use of ICTs, which can also help with the transition to a circular economy that is much needed.
Access to biometric gadgets, food management software, and exercise routines easily leads to improved health. Communication with friends and family is simpler and less expensive.
Therefore, Additionally, they can be employed to keep track of, lesson, and adjust to climate change.
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PLEASE HELP I NEED THIS ASP!!
Answer:
up up down down
Explanation:
left right left right b a select start
In relation to mine planning and design define scheduling
Answer:
Scheduling is a process of create a structure that shows the way a schedule is organized before developing a complete and final schedule of a project.
Explanation:
This is the initial step in of developing a project schedule for a capital cost project. At this stage, the estimates for the project are done involving the various actions in the project. A lot of details are included in this schedule showing the activities that are to be performed and the constraints involved.
Kieran and Kurt spend most of their day performing physical labor, aligning materials, and inspecting projects for quality and safety. However, Kieran has no fear of heights, while Kurt works with his feet on the ground. Which most likely explains the jobs of Kieran and Kurt? Kieran is a Roofer, and Kurt is a Plumber. Kieran is a Plumber, and Kurt is a Roofer. Kieran is a Carpenter, and Kurt is a Drafter. Kieran is a Drafter, and Kurt is a Carpenter.
Answer:
Kieran is a Carpenter, and Kurt is a Drafter
Explanation:
Among all the professions listed, Kurt can only possibly be a Drafter. A Drafter is an engineering technician who makes detailed technical drawings or plans for machinery, buildings, electronics, infrastructure, sections, etc. Drafters make use of computer software and manual sketches to convert the designs, plans, and layouts of engineers and architects into a set of technical drawings. All the other professions will at some point need for the professional to stand and work at an height above the ground except for a drafter, whose feet will remain on the ground at almost all times.
Answer:
A is the right answer.
Explanation:
Hope that helps
Walter is editing the camera in his workspace. If he wants to adjust how much of the
scene can be seen at once, what property can he edit?
(1 point)
viewport
O spatial audio
O LODS
O field of view
Since Walter is editing the camera in his workspace, if he wants to adjust how much of the scene can be seen all at once, the property which he can edit is: D. field of view.
Who is a camera operator?A camera operator can be defined as an individual who is professionally trained to tweak, operate and use a digital camera, especially for the purpose of taking pictures or images (photographs) of an event, place, person, etc.
What is a camera lens?A camera lens can be defined as a transparent optical instrument that is used in conjunction with a digital camera, so as to refract the rays of light coming into the lens.
What is a field of view?A field of view can be defined as a range of the observable physical world that is visible to a camera operator at any period of time, especially through the human eye, on a display monitor (screen), or a digital camera viewfinder.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that the property which Walter can edit is the field of view of his digital camera.
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The evaporator section of a refrigeration unit consists of thin-walled, 10-mm-diameter tubes through which refrigerant passes at a temperature of −18°C. Air is cooled as it fows over the tubes, maintaining a surface convection coeffcient of 100 W/m2 ⋅ K, and is subsequently routed to the refrigerator compartment. (a) For the foregoing conditions and an air temperature of −3°C, what is the rate at which heat is extracted from the air per unit tube length? (b) If the refrigerator’s defrost unit malfunctions, frost will slowly accumulate on the outer tube surface. Assess the effect of frost formation on the cooling capacity of a tube for frost layer thicknesses in the range 0 ≤δ ≤ 4 mm. Frost may be assumed to have a thermal conductivity of 0.4 W/m ⋅ K. (c) The refrigerator is disconnected after the defrost unit malfunctions and a 2-mm-thick layer of frost has formed. If the tubes are in ambient air for which T[infinity] = 20°C and natural convection maintains a convection coeffcient of 2 W/m2 ⋅ K, how long will it take for the frost to melt? The frost may be assumed to have a mass density of 700 kg/m3 and a latent heat of fusion of 334 kJ/kg
The company PureNSafe is designing a portable, solar-powered disinfection system for Army use only. The system is simply an inlet pipe, a pump, a mixing chamber and an outlet pipe. The water is continuously pumped into the chamber where it is irradiated with UV light before it exits through the the appropriate tube into a collection vessel. The disinfection rate constant rate of disinfection with UV light is 7.80 s.1 and the amount of bacteria has to be reduced by 99.9%. be reduced by 99.9%. Since the Army requires an object that can be carried in a backpack, it requires that the chamber of the apparatus must not hold a capacity greater than 2 L. How much water will the system be able to produce during 10 hours of sunshine?
Solution :
The treatment system will operate as the well mixed chamber.
Disinfection rate constant for the UV light, k is 7.80 /s. Number of bacteria in water need to be reduced by 99.9%
Percent reduction of bacteria should be \($(1-10^{0.99}) \times 100 =89.7\%$\)
Volume of the unit chamber is fixed at 2L
Assume the inlet concentration, \($C_0$\) as 1000
The outlet concentration of bacteria, C should be \($1000-\left(1000 \times \frac{89.7}{100}\right)$\)
= 103
The well mixed chamber will then follow a completely mixed flow reactor model.
Compute the time required :
\($t=\frac{1}{k}\left(\frac{C_0}{C}-1\right)$\)
\($t=\frac{1}{7.8}\left(\frac{1000}{103}-1\right)$\)
= 1.115 s
Flow through the system is \($\frac{2 \ L}{1.115 \ s}$\) = 1.79 L/s
The amount of water treated during the 10 hours of sunlight is 1.79 x 10 x 60 x 60 = 64440 L
Polarization: Unpolarized light passes through three ideal polarizing filters. The first filter is oriented with a horizontal transmission axis, the second one has its transmission axis at 30° from the horizontal, and the third filter has a vertical transmission axis. What percent of the light gets through this combination?
Answer:
the percentage of light that gets through this combination is 9.38
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Let us represent the incident unpolarized light with \(I_0\).
So, the amount of light intensity passing through the first polarizer will be;
\(I_1\) = \(I_0\) / 2 ------ let this be equation 1
An the amount of light intensity passing through the second polarizer will be;
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\)cos²θ
given that; the second one has its transmission axis at 30°
so, we substitute;
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\) × cos²( 30° )
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\) × 0.75
\(I_2\) = 0.75\(I_1\)
from equation; \(I_1\) = \(I_0\) / 2
\(I_2\) = 0.75( \(I_0\) / 2 )
\(I_2\) = 0.375\(I_0\) .
Now, the amount of light intensity passing through the third polarizer will be;
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\)cos² ( 90° - 30° )
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\) × cos²( 60° )
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\) × 0.25
we substitute
\(I_3\) = 0.375\(I_0\) × 0.25
\(I_3\) = 0.09375\(I_0\)
∴ \(I_3\)/\(I_0\) × 100 = 0.09375 × 100
⇒ 9.38%
Therefore, the percentage of light that gets through this combination is 9.38
a pressure cooker is a pan that cooks food much faster than ordinary pans by maintaining a higher pressure and temperature during cooking. the pressure inside the pan is controlled by a pressure regulator (the petcock) which keeps the pressure at a constant level by periodically allowing some steam to escape, thus preventing any excess pressure buildup. a certain pressure cooker has a volume of 6 l and an operating pressure of 75 kpa gage. initially, it contains 1 kg of water. heat is supplied to the pressure cooker at a rate of 500 w for 30 min after the operating pressure is reached. assuming an atmospheric pressure of 100 kpa, determine: a) the temperature at which cooking takes place. b) the amount of water left in the pressure cooker at the end of the process. assume some liquid water is still in the pan.
More cooking is done before the water actually begins to boil thanks to the raised pressure inside the cooker, which raises the boiling point of water above 1000C. In the end, food cooks more quickly.
Slow-cooked meals can be quickly prepared with pressure cookers. They are efficient in terms of electricity consumption and are excellent for tenderizing less expensive portions of meat. They are a healthy cooking method since they effectively retain nutrients and can cut cooking times by up to 50%. Water boils at 121°C (250°F) at that pressure. As a result, food may cook at considerably greater temperatures than it could under atmospheric pressure. Additionally, because cooking reactions quicken at higher temperatures, food cooks more quickly it is a good technology.
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draw the fbd that is required to determine the internal forces at point j. (you must provide an answer before moving on to the next part.) the fbd that is required to determine the internal forces at point j is
The FBD (Free Body Diagram) that is required to determine the internal forces at point J should include all external forces acting on the system and any reactions or forces present at point J.
This FBD will allow for the determination of the internal forces, such as shear forces and bending moments, at point J.
To determine the internal forces at point J, you need to draw a Free Body Diagram (FBD). In this FBD, you should include all the external forces acting on the object at point J, such as gravitational force, tension, friction, and any applied forces. Once you have drawn the FBD, you can use equilibrium equations (sum of forces in horizontal and vertical directions equals zero) to solve for the unknown internal forces. After finding the internal forces at point J, you can move on to the next part of your problem. Forces are physical quantities that describe the interactions between objects or systems. They can cause a change in motion or deformation in an object. Some common types of forces include gravitational force, electromagnetic force, frictional force, and normal force. Forces can be described by their magnitude, direction, and point of application. Newton's laws of motion provide a framework for understanding the behavior of objects under the influence of forces. Understanding forces is essential in many fields, including physics, engineering, and biomechanics, as it allows for the prediction and control of the behavior of systems under different conditions.
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Derive the running time for the following programs in terms of O and ῼ.
a=5
b=6
c=10
for i in range(n):
for j in range(n):
x = i * i
y = j * j
z = i * j
for k in range(n):
w = a*k + 45
v = b*b
d = 33
b. for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < M; j++) {
sequence of statements
}
}
c.
sum = 0;
for (j=1; j<=n; j++) { // First for loop
for (i=1; i<=j; i++) { // is a double loop
sum++;
}
}
for (k=0; k
A[k] = k;
}
d.
sum1 = 0;
for (k=1; k<=n; k*=2) { // Do log n times
for (j=1; j<=n; j++) { // Do n times
sum1++;
}
}
e.
sum2 = 0;
for (k=1; k<=n; k*=2) { // Do log n times
for (j=1; j<=k; j++) { // Do k times
sum2++;
}
}
For the given code block, the time complexity will be O(n^3).Also, the lower bound time complexity will be Ω(n^3).Reason:
There are three nested loops. The outermost loop runs n times, while the middle and innermost loops run n times each. As a result, the time complexity will be proportional to n^3.(b) For the given code block, the time complexity will be O(n*M).Also, the lower bound time complexity will be Ω(n*M).Reason:
There are two nested loops. The outermost loop runs n times, while the inner loop runs M times. As a result, the time complexity will be proportional to n*M.(c) For the given code block, the time complexity will be O(n^2).Also, the lower bound time complexity will be Ω(n^2).Reason:
There are two nested loops. The outermost loop runs n times, while the inner loop runs j times. As a result, the time complexity will be proportional to n^2.(d) For the given code block, the time complexity will be O(n).Also, the lower bound time complexity will be Ω(n).Reason:
The given code block runs in O(n) time since it runs a single loop from 0 to n and performs a constant-time operation on each iteration.(e) For the given code block, the time complexity will be O(n*logn).Also, the lower bound time complexity will be Ω(n*logn).Reason:
There are two nested loops. The outermost loop runs log n times, while the inner loop runs k times. As a result, the time complexity will be proportional to n*logn.
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What are the common approximations made in the analysis of heat exchangers?
Answer: making sure that they are up to date
Explanation:
the thevenin impedance of a network seen from the load terminals is 80 j55 ohms. for maximum power transfer, the load impedance must be:
The load impedance must be equal to the Thevenin impedance for maximum power transfer, so the load impedance must be 80 j55 ohms.
What is power?
Power is a measure of the ability to influence the environment, or to cause a change. It can be physical, financial, psychological, or a combination of all three. Power can be used for good or for bad, depending on the intentions of the person wielding it. Some examples of power include control over resources, authority and influence, access to information, and the ability to make decisions and take action. Power can also be seen as a form of privilege, as it often brings with it social, political, and economic advantages.
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If the operating control on a commercial water heater fails, the gas valve will be de-energized by?
Answer:
Do not operate water heater if exposed to flooding or water damage. ... de-energize the 24-volt gas valve and end the current heating cycle. The control system
Explanation:
3
Select the correct answer
Which statement is true about a corporation?
A
B.
The shareholders hold no liability for the corporation's debts.
The shareholders hold limited liability for the corporation's debts.
The shareholders hold complete liability for the corporation's debts.
C.
D.
There are no shareholders in a corporation.
OE.
A single individual owns the corporation,
Which industry does a shoe manufacturer belong?
Distinguish and describe the stage of the product development life cycle reflected in the following scenario.
Mindy, a recent transplant to the Midwest from the Southwest, has a great idea for building a corn roaster and taking it to state and county fairs and festivals in Michigan and Minnesota. However, she determines that the cost to grow sweet corn throughout the year would be prohibitively expensive.
Answer:Very productive
Explanation:
Why are so many people against EV?
Below are just some of the reasons why some people may be against EVs like range anxiety, high cost.. It's important to remember that opinions and perspectives can vary.
What are these reasons in details?
There are several reasons why some people may be against electric vehicles (EVs):
Cost: Currently, EVs tend to be more expensive upfront than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, although this is becoming less of an issue as costs are decreasing.
Charging infrastructure: Some people worry about the availability of charging stations and the time it takes to charge an EV, although this is becoming less of an issue as the charging infrastructure is improving.
Range anxiety: Some people worry about the distance they can travel on a single charge, although this too is becoming less of an issue as battery technology improves.
Lack of familiarity: Some people are simply not familiar with EVs and may be resistant to change.
Environmental impact: While EVs produce fewer emissions than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, they still have an environmental impact, such as through the production of the batteries and the generation of electricity used to charge them.
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Select a movement with which you are familiar and list at least five questions that you, as a movement analyst, might ask the performer of the movement to gain additional knowledge about a performance
A movement that I am familiar is a religious movement known as Heavenly conscious movement and the things i want them to gain additional knowledge about a performance on:
The right way to live.The right way to pray.Becoming closer in our walk with God.Becoming closer in our work with God.Helping others to see the light.What in history is a movement?A movement is known to be one that make use of planning as well as unpredictability. The movement is one that is given identity, leadership, as well as coordination by one or more organizations.
Therefore, A movement that I am familiar is a religious movement known as Heavenly conscious movement and the things i want them to gain additional knowledge about a performance on:
The right way to live.The right way to pray.Becoming closer in our walk with God.Becoming closer in our work with God.Helping others to see the light.Learn more about religious movements from
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Frame 4 questions about the challenges that astronauts have to face in space.
Answer:
Lack of oxygen
Decompression sickness
temperature variation
lack of gravity
Cosmic radiations hazards
motion sickness
Explanation:
When an astronaut travels in the space he is aware of the challenges he might face during his journey. There are various test and rehearsals of travelling before a final travel takes place. An astronaut goes through many challenges which includes lack of oxygen supply, decompression and motion sickness. There is no gravity in space so an astronaut will have to be aware of the difficulties he might face during his travel. An hour on earth is 7 years long in space, so an astronaut should have patience and be able to deal with time variation.
Which three items below should a driver be able to identify under the hood of a car?
Answer:
Engine oil level.
Brake fluid.
Power steering fluid.
Estimate the theoretical fracture strength of a brittle material if it is known that fracture occurs by the propagation of an elliptically shaped surface crack of length 0.25 mm (0.01 in) and tip radius of curvature of 1.2 x 10-3 mm (4.7 x 10-5 in.) when a stress of 1200 MPa (174,000 psi) is applied.
Answer:
the theoretical fracture strength of the brittle material is 5.02 × 10⁶ psi
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Length of surface crack α = 0.25 mm
tip radius ρ\(_t\) = 1.2 × 10⁻³ mm
applied stress σ₀ = 1200 MPa
the theoretical fracture strength of a brittle material = ?
To determine the the theoretical fracture strength or maximum stress at crack tip, we use the following formula;
σ\(_m\) = 2σ₀\((\) α / ρ\(_t\) \()^{\frac{1}{2}\)
where α is the Length of surface crack,
ρ\(_t\) is the tip radius,
and σ₀ is the applied stress.
so we substitute
σ\(_m\) = (2 × 1200 MPa)\((\) 0.25 mm / ( 1.2 × 10⁻³ mm ) \()^{\frac{1}{2}\)
σ\(_m\) = 2400 MPa × \((\) 208.3333 \()^{\frac{1}{2}\)
σ\(_m\) = 2400 MPa × 14.43375
σ\(_m\) = 34641 MPa
σ\(_m\) = ( 34641 × 145 )psi
σ\(_m\) = 5.02 × 10⁶ psi
Therefore, the theoretical fracture strength of the brittle material is 5.02 × 10⁶ psi