For the following reaction, write a balanced equation, calculate the standard emf, calculate ?G? at 298 K, and calculate the equilibrium constant K at 298 K.
Part A: In acidic solution, copper (I) ion is oxidized to copper (II) ion by nitrate ion. Refer to Appendix E for the balanced half-reactions and reduction potentials.
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.
Part B: Find Eo.
Part C: Find Delta-Go.
Part D: Find K.
Answers
Part A: Appendix E for the balanced half-reactions and reduction potentials of copper (I) ion is oxidized to copper (II) ion by nitrate ion is Cu⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + 4H⁺ (aq) → Cu²⁺ (aq) + NO(g) + 2H₂O (l)
Part B: E° is +1.110 V.
Part C: ΔGo is -105.3 kJ/mol
Part D: K is 7.93 × 10⁵
Part A: In an acidic solution, the copper (I) ion is oxidized to the copper (II) ion by nitrate ion. Copper (I) ion oxidation half-reaction:
Cu⁺ (aq) → Cu²⁺ (aq) + e⁻
Nitrate ion reduction half-reaction:
NO₃⁻ (aq) + 4H⁺ (aq) + 3e⁻- → NO(g) + 2H₂O (l)
Overall reaction:
Cu⁺ (aq) + NO₃⁻ (aq) + 4H⁺ (aq) → Cu²⁺ (aq) + NO(g) + 2H₂O (l)
Part B: To determine the E° for Cu⁺ to Cu²⁺ half-reaction is +0.153 V. E° for the nitrate ion to NO half-reaction is +0.957 V.
The E° for the overall reaction is:
E° = E°red (Cu²⁺/Cu²⁺) - E°ox (NO₃⁻/NO)
E° = (+0.153 V) - (-0.957 V)
E° = +1.110 V
Part C: To determine ΔGo, we can use the formula: ΔGo = -nFEo . The number of electrons transferred (n) is 1. Faraday's constant (F) is 96,485 C/mol.
ΔGo = -1 (1 mol e-) (96,485 C/mol)(1.110 J/C)
ΔGo = -105,273 J/mol
ΔGo = -105.3 kJ/mol
Part D: The relationship between ΔGo and K is:
ΔGo = -RT lnK
Where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/molK) and T is the temperature (298 K).
lnK = -(ΔGo / RT)
lnK = -(-105,273 J/mol) / (8.314 J/molK × 298 K)
lnK = 13.8K = e^lnKK = e13.8K
= 7.93 × 10⁵
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Related Questions
I need help quickly so hurry please
Answers
Answer:
bruh its a circle :I
Explanation:
Which of the following reactions shows that the formation of CO2 releases
393.5 kJ/mol?
A. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ
O B. C(s) + 20(g) + 393.5 kJ → CO2(9)
O C. C(s) + O(g) + CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ
D. C(s) + O2(g) + 393.5 kJ → CO2(g)
Answers
Answer:
A. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ
Explanation:
The formation of carbon IV oxide (CO2) is an exothermic process. n exothermic process is a chemical process in which heat is evolved. Speaking in lay man's terminology, heat is one of the 'products' of the reaction. This implies that heat is evolved by the process.
The formation of CO2 is always a combustion reaction where heat is evolved or released by the reaction system. Hence the reaction could be shown as;
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ
This implies that 393.5 kJ of energy is released in the reaction in the form of heat. Hence the answer given in the answer box.
Answer: C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ
why do smokers have a more difficult time getting rid of bronchitis
A. Their lungs shrink over time
B. They cough more than other people
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system
D. Smokers are only able to access one lung
Answers
Answer:
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system
Answer:
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system.
Explanation:
Hope this helped.
Lemon juice, orange juice taste sour because they contain_____
Answers
Answer:
Citric Acid
Citric Acid is the natural acid found in citrus fruits such as oranges lemons and limes, this is what gives the bitter affect
Please help asap please. thanks :)
Answers
Answer:
phosphorus (P)
Explanation:
this is because when we add
2+2+6+2+3
we get 15
15 is also the atomic number so when we check the periodic table, we know phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 therefore the answer is phosphorus.
A beautyberry is a type of shrub that grows well in the southern United States. Some students have a small beautyberry shrub that is growing near their school. They record the number of berries, ripe or unripe, and the number of flowers at different times throughout the year.
Table. Column headings. Month, ripe berries, unripe berries, flowers. September, 9, 4, 2. October, 5, 10, 4. November, 5, 7, 3. December, 2, 3, 1. February, 3, 2, 0. March, 6, 11, 5. April, 12, 5, flowers 9. June, 3, 8, 2.
Which statement best explains what is shown in their data?
Choose the correct answer.
Responses
A.The beautyberry relies on wind to spread its seeds.
B..The beautyberry relies on one type of animal to eat the berries.
C.The beautyberry uses asexual reproduction to make new plants.
D.The beautyberry increases its chances of reproduction because its berries do not all become ripe at the same time.
Answers
Note that statement best explains what is shown in the above-tabularized data is: "The beautyberry increases its chances of reproduction because its berries do not all become ripe at the same time. (Option D)
What is the rationale for the above answer?The statistics in the above table appear to reflect the ripening of berries and the number of blossoms of a plant, presumably called beautyberry. It can be noticed that the amount of ripe berries and blossoms varies each month.
This implies that the beautyberry does not produce all of its berries at once, but rather over the course of several months. This might boost the odds of reproduction by providing a food supply for animals and birds for a longer length of time.
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jumping on a cemented floor is more pain full than a sandy flour,why
Answers
Answer:
Is soft
Explanation:
because concrete is hard ash so t hink flour would be safer
Which reaction displays an example of an arrhenius base? naoh(s) right arrow. na (aq) oh–(aq) hcl(g) h2o(l) right arrow. h3o (aq) cl–(aq) ch3cooh(aq) h2o(l) right arrow. h3o (aq) ch3coo–(aq) nh3(aq) hc2h3o2(aq) right arrow. nh4 (aq) c2h3o2–(aq)
Answers
The reaction which displays an example of an arrhenius base is
NaOH(s) → Na⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq).
What is Arrhenius base?According to the Arrhenius theory, those substance which gives H⁺ ion to the aqueous solution is acid and which gives OH⁻ ion to the aqueous solution is known as base.
All given chemical reactions will display an arrhenius acid, but only one reaction display as a arrhenius base as they gives OH⁻ ion to the aqueous solution and that reaction will be:
NaOH(s) → Na⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)
Hence option (1) is correct.
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Answer:
A: NaOH(s) ---> Na+(aq) + OH–(aq)
Explanation:
A nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom combine chemically to form nitric oxide.
What is nitric oxide?
O A. An element
O B. A mixture
O
C. An atomy
O D. A molecule
SUBNI
Answers
Answer:
D. A moleculeExplanation:
Nitric oxide is a relatively unstable, diatomic molecule that possesses a free radical (meaning it has an unpaired electron).
Nitric oxide is an intermediate compound formed during the oxidation of ammonia to nitric acid.
Answer:
a molecule
Explanation:
a p e x
Air is made up of different gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and car
Which statement best describes these three components of air?
O Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are all classified as pure
O Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide cannot react with another
Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are chemically bonded to
O Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide can be classified as elemental?
Answers
The correct option would be that oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide cannot react with one another.
Why air components cannot reactThe components of atmospheric air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc., cannot react with one another because there is not enough energy in the atmosphere to set the reaction rolling.
For a reaction to take place, there must be enough energy to break the bonds in each air component. This is why the air components will not spontaneously react with one another, except during special events such as lightning and thunder.
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When cleaning a buret, begin by coating the inside with:.
Answers
Answer:
I think the answer is distilled water...
Explanation:
In a titration of a monoprotic weak acid with sodium hydroxide, the ph at the half-equivalence point is 4. 20. What is the experimental ka value of this acid?.
Answers
Ka value of monoprotic weak acid:
The experimental ka value of this acid is 6.3 × \(10^{-5}\)
Half-equivalence point:
The pH of the solution will be equal to the pKa of the weak acid at the half-equivalence point.At the equivalence point, the strong base OH- will neutralize the weak acid in the case of a weak monoprotic acid, which I'll denote as HA.HA + OH⁻ → A⁻ + H₂OThe moles of OH are equivalent to the moles of the acid since the acid is monoprotic:
At half equivalence point, pH = pKₐ
The pKa is determined by the weak acid's Ka acid dissociation constant.
pKₐ = -log(Kₐ)
Kₐ = \(10^{-pKa}\)
At the half equivalence point,
Kₐ = \(10^{-pH}\)
Given,
pH = 4.20. By putting the value;
Kₐ = \(10^{-4.20}\)
= 6.3 × \(10^{-5}\)
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Indicate whether each of the following compounds dissolves in water to give ions, molecules, or both.
1. NaCl
2. HF
3. CH3CH2OH (ethanol)
4. HI
5. Weak electrolyte
6. Nonelectrolyte
7. Strong electrolyte
Answers
Answer:
The answer is in the explanation
Explanation:
An ion is defined as a particle that is positive or negative charged.
In water, strong electrolytes dissociates completely to produce ions. Weak electrolytes dissolves partially. One part in ions and the other still as the complete molecule. A nonelectrolyte doesn't dissociates in any way!
1. NaCl . STRONG ELECTROLYTE. Dissociates in ions
2. HF . WEAK ELECTROLYTE. Dissociates partially producing both molecules and ions
3. CH3CH2OH (ethanol) . NONELECTROLYTE. Doesn't dissociates producing just molecules.
4. HI . STRONG ELECTROLYTE. Dissociates completely in ions.
5. Weak electrolyte . Dissociates partially giving ions but also molecules
6. Nonelectrolyte . Only give molecules.
7. Strong electrolyte. Gives only ions.
Mention two substance that sublines
Answers
Familiar substances that sublime readily include iodine , dry ice , menthol, and camphor. Sublimation is occasionally used in the laboratory as a method for purification of solids, for example, with caffeine.
In the number 300 point there are three significant digits
Answers
The number of significant digits in the number 300 is three significant digits.
What are significant digits?In positional notation, significant figures or significant digits are the digits in a number that is trustworthy and required to denote the amount of something.
There are rules regarding significant digits and they are as follows:
The significance of all non-zero digits is constant.Interior zeros (zeroes in the middle of non-zero numbers) are significant300 (3 sig. figs.) 0.03403 (4 sig. figs.), and 00674 (6 sig. figs.)Leading zeros (zeroes at the start of a number) are not significant.Learn more about significant figures at: https://brainly.com/question/24630099
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How many particles are there in 4 mol of Al?
Answers
Explanation:
Number of particles = moles × Avogadro's Number
= 4 mol × (6.022 × 10²³) particles/mol
= 2.41 × 10²⁴ particles
∴ the number particles in 4 mol of Al is 2.41 × 10²⁴ particles
A cylindrical grain has a base radius of 5m. the surface area is 1099m^2. What is the height of the bin to the nearest metre?
Answers
The height of the bin is 29.9m.
The quantity of space enclosing a three-dimensional shape's exterior is its surface area.
The total surface area of the cylinder formula is simply the sum of the base surface area and the lateral surface area.
The radius of the cylinder, r = 5m
Surface area = 1099 m²
∴ A = 2πrh + 2πr²
\(h = \frac{A- 2\pi r^2}{2\pi r}\)
\(h = \frac{1099- 2 (3.141) 5^2}{2 (3.141) 5}\)
\(h = \frac{1099- 157.05}{31.41}\)
\(h = \frac{941.95}{31.41}\)
\(h = 29.9 m\)
Therefore, the height of the bin is 29.9m.
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please help tommorow exam. ill give brainly. please explain this
Answers
Explanation:
from the equation, we can understand that the mixture of these two substances formed a solid precipitate(Pbl2) which was yellow and a colourless liquid( 2KNO3)Try and visualize yellow cute particles dancing in a colourless liquid and you are trying to remove them from itJust like sieving rice from water, u use a filter paper to sieve them from the liquidOnce you pass the solution through the filter paper the solid particles won't pass through but remain on the filter paper. This will now be called filtrate while the liquid remaining is the residueFiltration is a seprating technique used for mixture containing liquid an solid precipitatesBest of luck in your exams!!!in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list provided. you are currently in a labeling module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop.a benzene ring with a bromine on carbon 1 and a methyl on carbon 3 is converted to deet in 5 steps. the structure of deet is a carbonyl bonded to a benzene with a methyl on the meta position and a diethyl amine on the right side of the carbonyl. deet is the active ingredient in over the counter insect repellent. answer bank
Answers
Step 1: Treat benzene with bromine in acetone to form a bromobenzene
Reagent: Bromine Condition: Acetone
What is Reagent?Reagent is a library for creating user interfaces in ClojureScript. It simplifies the process of creating interactive UIs by providing a collection of composable functions that can be used to build complex and dynamic user interfaces. Reagent components are written in a simple and declarative syntax which is easy to understand and use. It also provides a reactive API which allows components to react to changes in the application state.
Step 1: Treat benzene with bromine in acetone to form a bromobenzene
Reagent: Bromine
Condition: Acetone
Step 2: Treat bromobenzene with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form an aromatic amine
Reagent: Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide
Condition: Neutral
Step 3: Treat aromatic amine with methyl iodide to form a methylated aromatic amine
Reagent: Methyl Iodide
Condition: Neutral
Step 4: Treat methylated aromatic amine with sodium cyanoborohydride to form aldehyde
Reagent: Sodium Cyanoborohydride
Condition: Neutral
Step 5: Treat aldehyde with diethylamine to form deet
Reagent: Diethylamine
Condition: Neutral
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elect the intermolecular force that is overcome when hexane is converted from a liquid to a gas. ion dipole forces hydrogen bonding London dispersion forces O dipole dipole forces
Answers
The intermolecular force that is overcome when hexane is converted from a liquid to a gas is London dispersion forces
Bulk properties, such as the boiling and melting points of liquids, are determined by intermolecular forces. When molecules in a liquid have enough thermal energy to overcome the forces holding them together, called intermolecular forces, bubbles of vapour are created inside the liquid. Similar to liquids, solids melt when their molecules gather sufficient thermal energy to dislodge the intermolecular forces holding them in place. Electrostatic in nature, intermolecular forces result from the interaction of positively and negatively charged species. Intermolecular interactions are the sum of both attractive and repulsive elements, similar to covalent and ionic bonds. Intermolecular interactions are most significant for solids and liquids because electrostatic interactions rapidly diminish with increasing distance between molecules.
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9. is the following sentence true or false? some of the acids and bases included in the arrhenius theory are not acids and bases according to the brønsted-lowry theory.
Answers
Some of the acids and bases included in the Arrhenius theory are not acids and bases according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory. The statement is true.
The Arrhenius theory defines an acid as a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in water, and a base as a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. However, according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates a proton (H+) to another substance, while a base is a substance that accepts a proton. Therefore, some substances that may be considered acids or bases according to the Arrhenius theory may not fit the definition of an acid or base according to the Bronsted-Lowry theory.
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How many moles of LiCl will I have if I start off with .425 moles of CaC12?
Answers
Balanced
Moles of CaCl_2=0.425mol
1 mol CaCl_2 producees 1 mol LiCl
Moles of LiCl
0.425(1)0.425molesThe equation is
\(\\ \tt{:}\dashrightarrow LiOH+CalCl_2\longrightarrow LiCl+Ca(OH)_2\)
This is balanced1mol of LiCl needs 1 mol CaCl_2
Then
0.425mol of CaCl_2 will produce 0.425mol LiCl
write the empirical formula of at least four binary ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions: mg2 , au3 , i-, o2-
Answers
The empirical formulas of four binary ionic compounds formed from the given ions are:
Magnesium iodide (MgI\(_{2}\))Gold(III) oxide (Au\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\))Magnesium oxide (MgO)Gold(I) iodide (AuI)The empirical formula of a compound represents the simplest ratio of the elements present in it. In this case, we have three ions: Mg\(_{2}\)+, Au\(_{3}\)+, and I-. To form a binary ionic compound, the positive and negative charges of the ions need to balance.
For the first compound, magnesium iodide (MgI\(_{2}\)), two iodide ions (I-) are needed to balance the charge of one magnesium ion (Mg\(_{2}\)+).
For the second compound, gold(III) oxide (Au\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\)), three oxide ions (O\(_{2}\)-) are required to balance the charge of two gold ions (Au\(_{3}\)+).
The third compound is magnesium oxide (MgO), where one oxide ion (O\(_{2}\)-) combines with one magnesium ion (Mg\(_{2}\)+).
Lastly, for gold(I) iodide (AuI), one iodide ion (I-) is required to balance the charge of one gold ion (Au+).
These empirical formulas represent the simplest combination of ions in these ionic compounds.
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what is the formula for radiant to chemical energy to make glucose
Answers
The radiant energy that is absorbed by the plant in the process of photosynthesis is stored in the plant in the form of chemical energy contained in sugars.
What is photosynthesis?The term photosynthesis has to do with the process by which there is a combination of water and carbon dioxide in the plant such that the products that are formed are sugar and oxygen. The oxygen is released back into the environment.
We know that radiant energy from the sun is what acts as the catalyst that makes the reaction possible. The combination occurs in the chloroplasts of the plant cells .
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How does carbon-14 form?
A. When a standard carbon-12 atom is struck by gamma radiation.
B. Neutrons from space collide with nitrogen atoms in the air.
C. When 2 standard carbon-12 atoms collide with each other and fuse.
D. They are only formed inside stars.
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation: I asked my chemistry teacher lol
Carbon - 14 is carbon's isotope that contains eight neutrons and six protons. It is formed by the collision of the atmospheric nitrogen with the neutrons in space. Thus, option B is correct.
What is carbon-14?
Carbon -14 has been known as the radioactive isotope of the carbon element with different atomic mass but has been constituted of the same atomic number.
The neutron in space collides with the nitrogen present in the atmosphere of the earth to undergo a transmutation reaction that can be shown as,
¹₀n + ¹⁴₇N → ¹⁴₆C + ₁¹H
Here, the atomic number or the number of the protons of carbon remains the same and is six, whereas the number of neutrons increases and becomes eight. This increases the atomic mass of the species.
Therefore, in option B. the neutrons collide with nitrogen to form carbon-14.
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the rest mass of a proton is 1.0072764666 u and that of a neutron is 1.0086649158 u. the 4he nucleus weighs 4.002602 u. calculate the total binding energy of the nucleus.
Answers
The total binding energy of the 4He nucleus is approximately 27.974 MeV.
To calculate the total binding energy of a nucleus, we need to find the mass defect and then apply Einstein's mass-energy equivalence equation (E = mc²), where E is the energy, m is the mass defect, and c is the speed of light.
The mass defect (Δm) is the difference between the sum of the individual masses of the nucleons (protons and neutrons) and the actual measured mass of the nucleus.
It represents the mass that has been converted into energy during the formation of the nucleus.
Given:
Mass of a proton (mp) = 1.0072764666 u
Mass of a neutron (mn) = 1.0086649158 u
Mass of 4He nucleus (m4He) = 4.002602 u
The total number of nucleons (protons + neutrons) in 4He nucleus is 2 protons + 2 neutrons = 4 nucleons.
Calculating the total mass of the nucleons in the 4He nucleus:
Total mass = 2 * mp + 2 * mn
Δm = Total mass - m4He
Calculating the binding energy using Einstein's equation:
E = Δm * c²
Let's plug in the values and calculate the binding energy:
Total mass = 2 * 1.0072764666 u + 2 * 1.0086649158 u
Total mass = 4.0325827648 u
Δm = 4.0325827648 u - 4.002602 u
Δm = 0.0299807648 u
Using the conversion factor 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²:
Δm = 0.0299807648 u * 931.5 MeV/c²
Δm = 27.974 MeV
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A base is a substance that can __________ a hydroxide ion.
Answers
Answer:
An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydroxide (OH–) ions. In other words, a base increases the concentration of OH– ions in an aqueous solution.
How many moles are in 3.45g of KCI ?
Answers
0.0463 mol KCl
General Formulas and Concepts:Math
Pre-Algebra
Order of Operations: BPEMDAS
Brackets Parenthesis Exponents Multiplication Division Addition Subtraction Left to RightChemistry
Atomic Structure
Reading a Periodic TableUsing Dimensional AnalysisExplanation:Step 1: Define
3.45 g KCl
Step 2: Identify Conversions
Molar Mass of K - 39.10 g/mol
Molar Mass of Cl - 35.45 g/mol
Molar Mass of KCl - 39.10 + 35.45 = 74.55 g/mol
Step 3: Convert
Set up: \(\displaystyle 3.45 \ g \ KCl(\frac{1 \ mol \ KCl}{74.55 \ g \ KCl})\)Multiply/Divide: \(\displaystyle 0.046278 \ mol \ KCl\)Step 4: Check
Follow sig fig rules and round. We are given 3 sig figs.
0.046278 mol KCl ≈ 0.0463 mol KCl
What is one way that microorganisms can be beneficial to humans?
Microorganisms cause disease.
Microorganisms decompose wood.
Microorganisms decompose waste.
Microorganisms decay tooth enamel.
Answers
Answer:
One way that microorganisms can be beneficial to humans is they decompose waste. So your answer would be C.
Explanation:
3.1 What are Total Floats and Free Floats? (3 marks) 3.2 Consider the details of a project as shown below: Required: a) Construct a project network (5 marks) b) Perform forward and backward passes (5
Answers
Answer:
2 8gram 8 8 C 2l 27 c 12,016N11