Answer:
Heat is the flow of energy from a high temperature to a low temperature. when these temperature balance out, heat stops flowing, then the system (or set of system) is said to be in thermal equilibrium.
Joe and Bob are engineers responsible for heating 3 liters of air starting from atmospheric pressure (100 kPa ) and 20 ∘C to 50 ∘C. Joe thinks it would be best to heat up the air inside of an air-tight, rigid box. Bob thinks it would be better to heat up the air inside of a weighted piston-cylinder device. Answer the following questions: 1. What is the final pressure inside of Joe's rigid box? 2. How much heat transfer is necessary to complete each process (Joe's and Bob's)? Which process requires less heat transfer? 3. What heating power (Watts) will be required for each process if the entire process must be complete in one minute?
1. In Joe's rigid box, the final pressure inside will remain the same as the initial atmospheric pressure, which is 100 kPa. The rigid box does not allow for any volume change, so the pressure remains constant throughout the heating process.
2. To determine the heat transfer required for each process, we can use the first law of thermodynamics, which states that the change in internal energy (ΔU) of a system is equal to the heat transfer (Q) into the system minus the work (W) done by the system.
ΔU = Q - W
For Joe's process in the rigid box, since the volume remains constant, there is no work done (W = 0). Therefore, the heat transfer required (Q) can be calculated as:
Q = ΔU
For Bob's weighted piston-cylinder device, the volume can change, and work is involved in moving the piston against the external pressure. The work done can be calculated using the equation:
W = PΔV
Where P is the pressure and ΔV is the change in volume.
The heat transfer required (Q) for Bob's process can be calculated as:
Q = ΔU + W
To determine which process requires less heat transfer, we need to compare the values of Q for Joe's and Bob's processes.
3. To calculate the heating power (Watts) required for each process, we need to know the time required for the entire process to be completed. Let's assume the entire process must be completed in one minute (60 seconds).
The heating power (P) can be calculated using the equation:
P = Q / t
Where Q is the heat transfer and t is the time taken.
By calculating the heat transfer (Q) for each process and dividing it by 60 seconds, we can determine the heating power required for Joe's and Bob's processes.
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!PLEASE HELP! 35 POINTS!
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
A student secures a picture frame to a wall using a screw.
Part A: In terms of force, direction, and distance, explain how the screw makes the student's work easier.
Part B: Describe a change to this screw design that would make this student’s work even easier.
Answer:
Explanation:
A: Screws are a simple machine that make doing work easier.
Work = W = Fd
F = W/d
So by increasing distance (d), you decrease the amount Force needed to do the work.
By applying a small rotational force (circular direction) on the screw, the axial force is amplified. It takes less force to turn a screw around than to drive a nail straight into the wall.
B: To make the job even easier, choose a screw with a "finer" thread. The smaller the pitch (the distance between the screw's threads), the greater the mechanical advantage (the ratio of output to input force).
Part A: The screw makes the student's work easier by providing a force that is directed downwards into the wall, allowing the student to secure the picture frame in place with a relatively small distance of travel.
What is force?Force is a physical quantity that is defined as the product of mass and acceleration. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Force is one of the fundamental concepts of physics and is responsible for the motion of objects. It is also responsible for the interaction between objects, such as the force of gravity that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun. Force can be applied to objects in order to cause them to move, accelerate, decelerate, or change direction. Force can also be used to do work, such as lifting a weight or pushing a car. Force is an important concept in physics and is used to explain many phenomena in the natural world.
Part B: A change to the screw design that would make the student's work even easier would be to use a self-tapping screw, which has a sharp point that allows it to cut its own thread into the wall, eliminating the need to pre-drill a hole. This would reduce the amount of effort required to secure the picture frame to the wall.
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2. A solid sphere and a solid cylinder, both uniform and of the same mass and radius, roll without slipping at the same forward speed. It is correct to say that the total kinetic energy of the solid sphere is A) more than the total kinetic energy of the cylinder. B) less than the total kinetic energy of the cylinder. C) equal to the total kinetic energy of the cylinder.
a baseball is thrown straight upwards from the ground and undergoes a free fall motion as it rises towards its highest point. What changes , if any ,would be observed of the velocity and the acceleration of the baseball as it rises towards its highest point?
The baseball thrown upwards will experience change in its velocity while its acceleration will be constant.
What is upward motion?Upward motion is a type of motion in which an object moves upwards against force of gravity.
During the upward motion of an object, its vertical velocity decreases as the object moves upwards due to opposing force of gravity. The velocity of the object eventually becomes zero when the object reaches maximum height.
As the object begins to move downwards, the velocity begins the increase and eventually become maximum before the object hits the ground.
The acceleration of the object during the upward motion is always point downwards and does not change.
Thus, we can conclude that if an object moving upwards, its velocity will change while the acceleration will not change.
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to prevent the motor speed from increasing until the motor fails mechanically, a load should always be connected to what
To prevent the motor speed from increasing until it fails mechanically, a load should always be connected to the motor.
A motor is designed to operate under a specific load. Without a load connected to the motor, it can spin freely and reach dangerously high speeds. This can lead to mechanical failures such as bearing damage or rotor imbalance, which can ultimately cause the motor to fail. By connecting a load to the motor, it creates a resistance that limits the speed and keeps it within a safe operating range.
The load acts as a counterforce to the motor's rotational motion, balancing the power output. It provides the necessary friction and resistance to control the motor speed. Without a load, the motor can experience a phenomenon called "overspeeding," where it exceeds its designed RPM (rotations per minute). This can result in excessive wear and tear, heat buildup, and potential damage to the motor components.
By always connecting a load to the motor, it ensures that the motor operates within its intended parameters and prevents it from reaching speeds that could lead to mechanical failure. The appropriate load for a motor depends on its design and application, and it should be chosen carefully to match the motor's specifications and requirements.
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What does the mass defect represent?
A. The mass lost when an alpha particle is emitted from a nucleus
B. The uncertainty in nuclear mass resulting from quark
rearrangement
C. The amount of mass used up in holding a nucleus together
D. The difference between actual mass of the nucleus and average
isotope mass
Answer:
c
Explanation:
The amount of mass used up in holding a nucleus together the mass defect represent.
Thus, The term "mass defect" refers to the discrepancy between the actual atomic mass and the expected mass obtained by multiplying the mass of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus by a constant factor.
The anticipated mass obtained by combining the masses of the nucleons is less than the actual atomic mass. The binding energy that is produced when a nucleus forms accounts for this extra mass.
The mass defect is a result of some of the mass being converted to energy during the formation of a nucleus. The real mass of an atomic nucleus is therefore less than the mass of the constituent particles.
Thus, The amount of mass used up in holding a nucleus together the mass defect represent.
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Luisa uses a nutcracker to crack walnuts. She has to squeeze the handles 12 centimeters to crack a walnut. The part of the arms holding the walnut only move 0. 3 centimeters. If luisa applies 21 newtons of force to crack the walnut, how much force would she need without the nutcracker?.
Without the nutcracker, Luisa would have to use significantly more force to crack the walnut. Because the nutcracker acts as a lever, the force applied to the handles is multiplied by the force applied to the walnut.
The mechanical advantage is 11.7 cm / 0.3 cm = 39 because the lever arm length is 12 cm - 0.3 cm = 11.7 cm.
This means that the force on the walnut is 39 times the force on the handles, or 21 N x 39 = 819 N. This is a much greater force than the 21 N applied to the handles with the nutcracker, implying that Luisa would have to work much harder to crack the walnut without it.
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Two 10-cm-diameter charged rings face each other, 20 cm apart. The left ring is charged to -18 nC and the right ring is charged to +18 nC.
Part A What is the magnitude of the electric field at the mi
The magnitude of the electric field at the midpoint between the two charged rings is zero.
What is the magnitude of the electric field at the midpoint between two 10-cm-diameter charged rings, 20 cm apart, with charges of -18 nC and +18 nC respectively?The magnitude of the electric field at the midpoint between two charged rings can be calculated using the principle of superposition.
The electric field at the midpoint will be the sum of the electric fields produced by each ring individually. Since the charges on the rings are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, the electric fields produced by each ring will have the same magnitude but point in opposite directions.
The electric field produced by a uniformly charged ring at a point on its axis can be calculated using the formula:
\(E = (k * Q * x) / (2 * π * ε * R^2 * (R^2 + x^2)^(3/2))\)
Where:
E is the electric field
k is Coulomb's constant\((8.99 x 10^9 N m^2/C^2)\)
Q is the charge on the ring
x is the distance from the center of the ring to the point on its axis
ε is the permittivity of free space \((8.85 x 10^-12 C^2/N m^2)\)
R is the radius of the ring
Since the rings have the same charge and are equidistant from the midpoint, the electric fields produced by each ring will cancel each other out, resulting in a net electric field of zero at the midpoint. Therefore, the magnitude of the electric field at the midpoint between the two charged rings is zero.
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Problem 3. 28 a circular ring in the xy plane (radius r, centered at the origin) carries a uniform line charge λ. Find the first three terms (n = 0, 1, 2) in the multipole expansion for v (r, θ )
Find the first three terms (n = 0, 1, 2) in the multipole expansion for the potential due to a uniform line charge λ on a circular ring in the xy-plane with radius r and centered at the origin.
To find the multipole expansion for the potential, we can use the formula:
v(r,θ) = 1/(4πε0) ∑n=0 ∞ \((1/r^(n+1))\)∫(Pn(cosφ')) ρ(r',φ') \(r'^n dr' dφ'\)
where Pn is the nth Legendre polynomial, ρ is the charge density, r' and φ' are the polar coordinates of the charge element, and the integral is taken over the entire charge distribution.
For a circular ring with radius r and uniform line charge λ, the charge density is:
ρ(r',φ') = λ/(2πr')
and we can simplify the integral by using the substitution u = cos(φ' - θ):
v(r,θ) = λ/(4πε0) ∫(0 to 2π) [∑n=0 ∞ \((r'/r)^(n+1)\) Pn(u)] du
The Legendre polynomials can be expressed as:
Pn(u) = \((1/2^n) (d^n/dx^n) (x^2 - 1)^n/2\) |x=u
So we can evaluate the sum inside the integral for the first few terms:
n=0: (r'/r) P0(u) = (r'/r)
n=1: \((r'/r)^2 P1(u)\) = (3/2) (r'/r) u
n=2:\((r'/r)^3 P2(u)\) = (5/2) \((3u^2 - 1) (r'/r)^3 / 2\)
Plugging these into the integral and evaluating, we get:
v(r,θ) = λ/(4πε0) [2(r/r') - \((3/2)(r/r')^2\) cos(θ - φ') + \((5/4)(r/r')^\)3 \((3cos^2(θ - φ') - 1)]\)
Expanding the cosine terms using the identity cos(θ - φ') = cosθ cosφ' + sinθ sinφ', we can write:
\(v(r,θ) = λ/(4πε0) [2(r/r')\) - \((3/2)(r/r')^2\)cosθ ∫(0 to 2π) cosφ' dφ' - \((3/2)(r/r')^2\)sinθ ∫(0 to 2π) sinφ' dφ' +\((15/4)(r/r')^3 cos^2θ\) ∫(0 to 2π) \(cos^2φ' dφ' - (15/4)(r/r')^3\) sinθ cosθ ∫(0 to 2π) cosφ' sinφ' dφ' -\((5/4)(r/r')^3 ∫(0 to 2π) dφ']\)
Evaluating the integrals, we get:
∫(0 to 2π) cosφ' dφ' = ∫(0 to 2π) sinφ' dφ' = 0
∫(0 to 2π)\(cos^2φ' dφ' = π\)
∫(0 to 2π) cosφ' sinφ' dφ' = 0
∫(0 to 2π) dφ' = 2π
So the final expression for the potential becomes:
\(v(r,θ) = λ/(2ε0) [r/r' - (3/4)(r/r')^2 cosθ + (15/8)(r/r')^3 cos^\)
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Get the equation for energy. Explain the physical meaning of
energy in cfd.
The equation for energy in the context of fluid dynamics, specifically in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), is typically represented by the conservation of energy equation, also known as the energy equation or the first law of thermodynamics. The equation can be expressed as:
ρ * (du/dt + u * ∇u) = -∇p + ∇⋅(μ * (∇u + (∇u)^T)) + ρ * g + Q
where:
ρ is the density of the fluid
u is the velocity vector
t is time
∇u represents the gradient of velocity
p is the pressure
μ is the dynamic viscosity
g is the gravitational acceleration vector
Q represents any external heat source/sink
The physical meaning of energy in CFD is the total energy of the fluid system, which includes kinetic energy (associated with the motion of the fluid), potential energy (associated with the elevation of the fluid due to gravity), and internal energy (associated with the fluid's temperature and pressure). The energy equation describes how this total energy is conserved and transformed within the fluid system.
In CFD simulations, the energy equation plays a crucial role in modeling the energy transfer, heat transfer, and flow characteristics within the fluid. It helps in understanding how energy is distributed, dissipated, and exchanged within the fluid domain. By solving the energy equation numerically, CFD simulations can predict temperature profiles, flow patterns, heat transfer rates, and other important parameters that are essential for various engineering applications, such as designing efficient cooling systems, optimizing combustion processes, and analyzing thermal behavior in fluid flows.
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all of the following are factors affecting mass wasting except for ________.
The term, except geologic age, all the other factors affecting the mass wasting and mass wasting happens due to gravity.
What is mass wasting?A more generic name for the downward movement of rock and soil caused by gravity is mass wasting, commonly referred to as mass movement.
The material conveyed by mass wasting is not entrained in a moving media, such as water, wind, or ice, which distinguishes it from other erosional processes.
Creep, solifluction, falling rocks, mudflows, and landslides are all examples of mass wasting; each has distinctive characteristics and can occur over the own distinctive characteristics and can occur over timescales ranging from a few seconds to centuries.
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A plane starting at rest at the south end of a runway undergoes a uniform acceleration of 1.60 m/s to the north. At takeoff, the plane's velocity is 72.0 m/s to the north. How far does the plane travel across the runway
The distance travelled by the plane across the runway is determined as 1,620 m.
What is the distance travelled by the plane across the runway?The distance travelled by the plane across the runway is calculated by applying the following equation.
v² = u² + 2as
where;
v is the final velocity of the planeu is the initial velocity of the planea is the acceleration of the planes is the distance travelled by the planeThe initial velocity of the plane, u = 0, since it started from rest.
v² = 0 + 2as
s = v²/2a
The given parameters;
acceleration of the plane, a = 1.6 m/s²final velocity of the plane = 72 m/ss = (72²)/(2 x 1.6)
s = 1,620 m
Thus, the distance travelled by the plane along or across the runway depends on the final velocity of the plane and the acceleration of the plane.
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Would one way more or less on Earth's moon than on the dwarf planet Pluto?Hint: Earth's moon is slightly larger than pluto
Despite the fact that the moon is slightly larger than Pluto, the two bodies are vastly different, and their unique characteristics make them both interesting objects of study for astronomers and space scientists.
Yes, the way things work on Earth's moon would be different from the way they work on Pluto, despite the fact that Earth's moon is slightly larger than Pluto's. This is because the characteristics of a celestial body depend on various factors such as its size, mass, density, and distance from the sun.
One major difference between the two is the gravitational force. The gravitational force on the moon is about one-sixth of that on Earth, while on Pluto, it is about one-fifteenth of that on Earth. This means that objects on the surface of the moon would weigh less than those on Pluto, and they would also fall more slowly.
Another significant difference is the surface conditions. The moon has a relatively smooth surface with little atmosphere and extreme temperature variations, while Pluto has a much more rugged terrain, a thin atmosphere, and a much colder surface with temperatures reaching -240°C.
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If you increase your work and decrease your time, you will haveA. more power.less power.the same amount of power.power rating can not be determined
If you increase your work and decrease your time, you will have A. more power.
Power (P) is the rate at which work is done. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the Watt, equal to one joule per second. Mathematically, it is equal to work (W) divided by time (t).
\(P = \frac{W}{t}\)
If you increase your work, you increase the numerator in the expression above. If you decrease your time, you decrease the denominator in the expression above. They both have the same consequence that is an increase in power, that is, more work done in less time.
If you increase your work and decrease your time, you will have A. more power.
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A gas receives from an external thermal source an amount of heat equal to 1000 J. This energy, in addition to producing heating in the gas, causes its expansion, with the consequent performance of work equivalent to 600 J. What was the change in the internal energy of the gas? gas?
help someone help me
Hello..!
Subject: ThermodynamicsThe first law of thermodynamics relates work and transferred heat exchanged in a system through a new thermodynamic variable, internal energy. This energy is neither created nor destroyed, only transformed.
We can think of gas as a thermodynamic system, all because gases can work and absorb heat, and then they can turn all that into energy.
The formula for the change in energy is given by the first law of thermodynamics expressed as:
\( \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: {\boxed{\boxed{ \sf\large \rm \Delta U = Q - W }}}\)
Being:
ΔU = change in energyQ = added heatW = Work doneProblem:
A gas receives from an external thermal source an amount of heat equal to 1000 J. This energy, in addition to producing heating in the gas, causes its expansion, with consequent performance of work equivalent to 600 J. What was the change in the internal energy of the gas? gas?
Data:
ΔU = ¿? (Meet)Q = 1000 JW = 600 JNow adding the data in the formula to find the energy change:
\( \sf\large \rm \Delta U = 1000J - 600J\)
\( \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \sf{\boxed{\boxed{\large \rm \Delta U = 400 J}}}\)
\(\begin{gathered}\rule{7cm}{0.01mm}\\\texttt{Good studies! :D}\\\rule{7cm}{0.01mm}\end{gathered}\)
we measured the orbital period of a planet orbiting a star exactly like our sun, to be 2 hours. where is such a star located? answer in units of au.
According to Kepler's Third Law, the cubes of the quasi axes of the orbits of planets are directly related to the squares of the planets' orbital periods. The Third Law of Kepler suggests that
What is a ratio?
proportionate definition (End of Entry 2) 1a: equal in size, extent, or intensity. B: Corresponding sides of identical triangles are proportionate if their ratios are the same or constant. A proportionate system of migration quota regulates or determines in size or extent with regard to proportions.
What is proportion's polar opposite?
Phrases equivalent to the word proportionate. Similar words for proportionate. Asymmetry, distortion, irregularity, lopsidedness, nonsymmetry,
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Match these items.
1. Ca
electron
2. H 2O
fission
3. nuclear decay
atomic number
4. nuclear synthesis
neutron
5. η
proton
6. positive charge
fusion
7. e
element
8. number of protons in nucleus
compound
Answer:
ca is carbon dioxide h20 is water
Explanation:
3. a resistor r is connected to a 12 v ideal battery. the total current increases five times when a 400 ohm resistor is added in parallel with it. the value of resistance r is:
The value of resistance r is 100ohm
Define resistance.
The opposition a substance provides to the flow of electrical current is referred to as resistance. The capital letter R is used to symbolize it. The ohm, which can be written as a word or represented by the Greek letter omega Ω in uppercase, is the universal unit of resistance.
Because the output current of the first resistor flows into the input of the second resistor in a series circuit, the current through each resistor is equal. All of the resistor leads on one side of the resistors are connected together, as are all of the leads on the other side, in a parallel circuit.
In a parallell circuit,
1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2
Given R1= r
R2= 400
I= 5
V= 12V
1 / R + 1 / 400 = 5 / R
1 / 400 = 4 / R
R = 400/4
R= 100ohm
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A car travels to the post office 5km east. It then turns around to go to the fast food restaurant 3km west of the post office. What is the car's overall displacement?
The distance traveled by car is equal to 8 km and its displacement is 2 km.
What are distance and displacement?
The distance can be defined as the total path traveled by an object. It is a scalar quantity because it has only magnitude, not direction. The displacement can be defined as the smallest distance between two points.
The displacement is a vector parameter and it can be negative, or zero, and can increase or decrease with time. The distance is always positive, it can never be zero while the displacement can be positive.
Given, a car moves 3 km along AB in the East and then 5 km West along BC.
The distance of the car will be = AB + BC = 5 + 3 = 8 Km
The displacement (AC) of the car = AB - Bc = 5 - 3 = 2 Km
Therefore, the distance is 8 Km and the displacement of the car is 2 Km.
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A 6.0 kg object is pushed with a force of 12 N. If the mass of the object is cut in half to 3.0 kg, what happens to the acceleration if the force remains constant?
Answer:
aceleration doubles
Explanation:
From Newton's secon law, one has
F=m*a
where F is the force, m the mass and a the aceleration.
In general, if m becomes m/2, in order to have the same force,
the acceleration must be doubled:
\(F=m*a=\frac{m}{2} (2*a)\)
In our particular case,
\(12=6*a=\frac{6}{2} (2*a)\\12=3(2*a)\)
What is the speed of sound in a medium with a wavelength of 340 m and a
frequency of 2.5 Hz?
Explanation:
Speed
= Wavelength * Frequency
= 340m * 2.5Hz
= 850m/s
The mirror of Michelson Interferometer is moved a length equal to the wavelength of the incident light. Find the shift in fringes.
The shift in fringes is equal to 1. This means that the position of the fringes has shifted by one full fringe.
A Michelson interferometer is a type of interferometer that divides a wavefront by splitting a beam of light into two perpendicular paths.
By combining these waves, interference occurs, resulting in a pattern of bright and dark fringes known as an interferogram.
Therefore, let’s find the shift in fringes when the mirror of Michelson Interferometer is moved a length equal to the wavelength of the incident light.
First, it is important to note that the number of fringes observed in an interferometer depends on the wavelength of light being used, as well as the path difference between the two beams.
The following equation is used to calculate the number of fringes shifted:ΔN = ΔL/λwhere:ΔN = number of fringes shiftedΔL = distance moved by the mirrorλ = wavelength of light.
When the mirror is moved a distance equal to the wavelength of the incident light, the path difference between the two beams is equal to one wavelength.
Thus, there will be a shift of one fringe as a result.
Substituting the values into the equation, we have:ΔN = (1λ)/λΔN = 1
Therefore, the shift in fringes is equal to 1.
This means that the position of the fringes has shifted by one full fringe.
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blank is a wave that remains in a constant position
A wave that remains in a constant position is referred to as a stationary wave or a standing wave.
It is formed by the superposition of two waves with the same frequency and amplitude traveling in opposite directions. Unlike a traveling wave that moves through space, a standing wave appears to be stationary because the wave peaks and troughs oscillate in place.
The formation of a standing wave occurs when a wave reflects back upon itself, interacting constructively and destructively with the incoming wave. This phenomenon is characterized by the presence of nodes and antinodes. Nodes are points along the wave where the amplitude is always zero, resulting from destructive interference between the two waves. Antinodes, on the other hand, are points of maximum displacement, created by constructive interference..
Standing waves have significant implications in various fields of study. In physics and engineering, they are essential in the analysis of acoustics, optics, and electromagnetic fields. They find applications in musical instruments, where standing waves inside the instrument's resonating body create distinct harmonics and produce specific musical tones.
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In a short-answer response, thoroughly describe what free-body diagrams are used for and what the free-body diagram is telling us about the directions of the forces. Make sure to include which direction the object will move and give an example of what that object could be. (examples: box, soccer ball, rope in a tug-of-war, etc.)
Use 2-4 sentences and proper conventions (spelling, grammar, punctuation, etc.) to respond. Put all answers in
A free body diagram is a diagram that shows the direction of the forces that are acting on a body.
What is a free body diagram?A free body diagram is a diagram that shows the direction of the forces that are acting on a body. We know that force is a vector quantity. This implies that the magnitude and the direction of a force are equally important when we are dealing with the forces.
Now, in a thug of war, there are two forces that are acting on the rope. The forces acts from the opposite ends in which the rope is being pulled. The rope would move in the direction in which the pulling that is exerted is found to be of greater magnitude.
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two identical carts, both of mass 0.5 kg are moving towards each other, each with a speed of 1.5 m/s. after they collide, what will be their velocities?
After the collision, the first cart moves to the left with a velocity of -1.5 m/s and the second cart moves to the right with a velocity of 1.5 m/s.
The velocities of the two carts after collision can be determined using the conservation of momentum principle. Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity. Given,Mass of each cart, m = 0.5 kg, Initial velocity of each cart, u = 1.5 m/s, Initial momentum of each cart, p = mu.
After collision, velocity of the carts = v. Using the law of conservation of momentum;
mu + mu = mv + mv⇒ 2mu = 2mv⇒ u = v
Momentum before collision = Momentum after collision (conservation of momentum)
∴ 0.5 × 1.5 + 0.5 × (-1.5) = 0.5v1 + 0.5v2
On solving, we get,v1 = -1.5 m/sv2 = 1.5 m/s
Therefore after the collision, the first cart moves to the left with a velocity of -1.5 m/s and the second cart moves to the right with a velocity of 1.5 m/s.
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when a vehicle with an anti-lock braking system starts to lose traction on a slippery road, drivers should:
when a vehicle with an anti-lock braking system starts to lose traction on a slippery road drivers should press down hard on the brake pedal hold it and steer out of danger.
If the road is slippery double the normal following distance. For ABS brakes, the brakes must be fully depressed. You will feel a chatter or vibration in the brake pedal as the computer locks and unlocks the brakes. Apply the brake or take your foot off the brake pedal. You will feel a slight pulsation in the pedal.
You may also feel that the pedals are pressing against your feet. ABS is designed to help the driver maintain control of the vehicle during hard braking, not to bring the car to a stop faster. ABS can reduce braking distances on wet or slippery roads, and many systems reduce braking distances on dry roads.
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which statements about electric field lines are correct? check all that apply.
To determine the correct statements about electric field lines, please find the list below:
1. Electric field lines always begin on positive charges and end on negative charges. (Correct)
2. Electric field lines can cross each other at any point. (Incorrect)
3. The density of electric field lines indicates the strength of the electric field. (Correct)
4. Electric field lines are straight lines that originate from the center of a charge. (Incorrect)
5. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to the surface of a charged conductor. (Correct)
6. Electric field lines always follow a circular path around a point charge. (Incorrect)
7. The direction of the electric field lines represents the direction of the electric field. (Correct)
The correct statements are:
1. Electric field lines always begin on positive charges and end on negative charges.
3. The density of electric field lines indicates the strength of the electric field.
5. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to the surface of a charged conductor.
7. The direction of the electric field lines represents the direction of the electric field.
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if a beam of 11 kev x rays illuminates a sample, what angles will give diffraction maxima of the first, second and third order?
When a beam of 11 keV X-rays illuminates a sample, the angles that will produce diffraction maxima of the first, second, and third order can be calculated using Bragg's law, which states that nλ = 2d sin(θ), where n is the order of diffraction, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, d is the spacing between crystal lattice planes, and θ is the angle of incidence.
Bragg's law can be used to calculate the angles for diffraction maxima. For the first-order maximum (n = 1), we have λ = 2d sin(θ₁). Rearranging the equation, we get sin(θ₁) = λ / (2d). Substituting the values, with λ representing the wavelength of 11 keV X-rays (which can be converted to the corresponding wavelength), and the known spacing between lattice planes, we can solve for θ₁.
For the second-order maximum (n = 2), the equation becomes λ = 2d sin(θ₂). Solving for sin(θ₂) and substituting the values, we can find θ₂.
Similarly, for the third-order maximum (n = 3), we use λ = 2d sin(θ₃) to determine sin(θ₃) and find θ₃ by substituting the values.
By calculating these angles using Bragg's law, we can determine the angles that will produce diffraction maxima of the first, second, and third order for the given beam of 11 keV X-rays illuminating the sample.
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THE ASSEMBLY INCLUDES A 4.5 V BATTERY, AN OPEN SWITCH AND A RATED VOLTAGE LAMP (3.5 V). GIVES THE VOLTAGE BETWEEN THE TERMINALS OF THE SWITCH.
The voltage between the terminal of the switch is 1 V.
What is potential difference?The difference in charge carriers' energy between two places in a circuit is known as the potential difference.
Voltage is another name for potential difference (p.d.), which is expressed in volts (V). When charge carriers move through electrical components in a circuit, energy is transmitted to those parts.
Given parameters:
Voltage of the battery; V = 4.5 V.
Voltage of the lamp = 3.5 V.
We have to find: the voltage between the terminal of the switch = ?
As potential a scalar quantity and when the voltmeter applied on the switch, the voltage between the terminals of the switch becomes = Voltage of the battery - Voltage of the lamp
= 4.5 V - 3.5 V.
= 1 V.
Hence the voltage between the terminal of the switch is 1 V.
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Aliya is making hot chocolate by adding cocoa powder to hot water. She notices that the cocoa powder dissolves very quickly when she adds it to hot water as compared to cold water without much stirring. Why do you think this happens?
A: The cold temperature and small size of particles increase the rate of dissolving.
B: The hot temperature and color of the powder increase the rate of dissolving.
C: The hot water and large size of particles increase the rate of dissolving.
D: The hot water and small size of particles increase the rate of dissolving.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
self-explanatory:
higher temperature increases rate of dissolving
smaller particles means a larger surface area,therefore increasing rate of dissolving as more of the solute is in contact with the solvent at one time.