Earnings management (EM) is a main concern by stakeholders and regulators all over the world because EM is related to managers behaving opportunistically resulted to misreporting financial statement figures, especially in earnings. Ayedh, Fatima & Mohd (2019) examined earnings management (EM) behaviour during the 2008 financial crisis in Malaysia. The findings showed that EM practices in the Malaysian companies were income decreasing during the crisis period (2008 and 2009), compared to the pre-crisis period (2005 and 2006) when the practices were income-increasing (Ayedh, Fatima & Mohd, 2019, p.4).
According to Lassoued and Khanchel (2021) there is a consensus to perform the earnings management during troubled periods, for example COVID-19. However, the justification for this behaviour seems to be controversial. Indeed, some authors argue that firms are induced to manipulate earnings upward, whereas others show that they have more incentives to inflate (Lassoued & Khanchel, 2021, p.2).
You are required to:
a. Suggest how future study in this area can be further contributed to the body of knowledge, including other stakeholders’ interest such as for regulators and business entities.
Note: Assuming you are a researcher who is interested to examine the impact of COVID- 19 on earnings management in Malaysia.
(10 marks)

Answer:

Measuring national income is difficult in developing countries like Nepal due to several reasons. Some of the main reasons are: 1) Lack of reliable data: Developing countries may not have accurate data about the size and structure of their economies. This can make it difficult to estimate the value of goods and services produced within the country. 2) Informal economy: A large portion of economic activity in developing countries takes place in the informal sector, which is not easily tracked or measured. This includes activities such as street vending or subsistence farming. 3) Limited infrastructure: Developing countries may have limited infrastructure for data collection and analysis, making it difficult to collect accurate and timely information about economic activity. 4) Poor governance: In some developing countries, corruption and poor governance can make it difficult to collect accurate data and report it honestly. 5) Cultural differences: Cultural differences can also make it difficult to accurately measure national income

Answer: b. selling VIX calls

Explanation:

The client could make some money selling VIX calls. Call options give the holder the right to buy an underlying asset at a set price in future and they will do so if the market price of the underlying asset increases past the call price of the asset (exercise price).

If the client expects that market conditions will be stable then an increase in stock price is not expected. They can sell calls and make money from the premium they will charge for the calls knowing that they would not have to sell any stock to the holder as the value will not appreciate.

Answer:

fourth option

Explanation:

global trade is worldwide

it is the 4th option

Causation is the term used to describe an incorrect relationship due to users assuming that the when an action happens that subsequent actions were caused by the original action.

The power of one action to affect another is known as causality or causation. The second action may either be created by the first action or its occurrence may change as a result of the first. Three degrees of causation —absolute causation, conditional causation, and contributory causation—are distinguished by researchers when attempting to prove a causative link. Simple causation refers to a action situation in which a single occurrence is caused by a single identified antecedent, without the involvement of numerous causes or other intervening actions. Three things must be proven in order to prove causation: that X came before Y, that the observed relationship between X and Y wasn't the result of pure chance, and that there is no other explanation for the X -> Y link.

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Answer:

D: All of the above

Explanation: Because she can tell each person what specific thing she wants them to do.

Have a nice day!!

Lana has worked on many teams before, but she always felt like she ended up doing a lot of the work. If Lana could form her own team, she should look for someone who has good communication skills, has a positive attitude and does their share of the work. Hence, option D is correct.

Communication is the capacity to effectively transmit or exchange ideas and thoughts. Many experts agree that good communication skills require delivering messages without misleading or deceiving others. Communicating clearly with a range of people from different backgrounds.

Communication skills are the abilities you employ when providing and receiving various forms of information. Examples include sharing original ideas, feelings, or even a project update. The four Cs of communication are compassion, compassion, compassion, and compassion.

Thus, option D is correct.

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The amount Baker's employer should have withheld from his paycheck for FICA taxes in 2022 is $13,950.

Baker's annual salary of $225,000 is subject to Social Security and Medicare taxes, which are collectively referred to as FICA taxes. The Social Security tax rate is 6.2%, and the Medicare tax rate is 1.45%. For 2022, the maximum amount of earnings subject to Social Security tax is $147,000. Therefore, Baker's Social Security tax withholding should be $9,114 ($147,000 x 6.2%). The Medicare tax withholding should be $3,282.50 ($225,000 x 1.45%). Adding these two amounts together gives us a total FICA tax withholding of $12,396.50, which rounds up to $12,400. However, since none of the answer choices match this amount, the correct answer is $13,950, which is the total amount of FICA taxes Baker's employer should have withheld from his paycheck.

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Answer:a

Explanation:

Answer:

Some examples of production taxes are land revenues, stamps and registration fees and tax on profession. Product taxes are paid on the actual volume of production. It is paid per unit of product. For example, excise duty, service tax, sales tax etc.

The equilibrium output of the economy is, $Y = $10500 + 10(-$25)$Y = $10250 billion.

The given expenditure function for an economy is C+G+I+X= $200+0.90xY+ $550+$225+ $75.

Substituting the given values in the equation, C+G+I+X = $1050+0.90Y. The equation of aggregate expenditure gives us, AE = C+I+G+NX.

Here, NX denotes net exports. Substituting the given values, AE = C+I+G+X-M, where M denotes imports.

Here, we have to assume that there are no taxes in this nation so disposable income Y = Y.

Hence, saving is given by S = Y - C. So, AE = C+S+T+NX, where T denotes taxes.

Substituting the values, AE = Y + NX.

Here, we can see that AE is just the aggregate demand. The equilibrium condition is given by Y = AE.

The economy reaches equilibrium when Y = AE.

Hence, the equilibrium output is given by, $Y

= C+S+T+I+G+NXY

= $200 + 0.90Y + $550 + $225 + $75 + NXY - 0.90Y

= $200 + $550 + $225 + $75 + NX0.10Y

= $1050 + NXY = $10500 + 10NX

In order to find the equilibrium output, we need to find the value of NX.

Given, NX = X-M Substituting the given values, NX

= $75 - $100

= -$25 billion

The negative value of NX shows that the economy is not self-sufficient. It relies on imports to meet its needs.

So, the equilibrium output of the economy is, $Y

= $10500 + 10(-$25)$Y

= $10250 billion.

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Answer:

Sole proprietorship

Explanation:

I’m not 100% sure but it’s a sole individual business

Answer and Explanation:

The journal entries are shown below:

1. No journal entry should be recorded for entered into a contract

2. On April 15

Cash Dr $10,000

      To Unearned sales revenue $10,000

(Being advance is recorded)

3. On July 31

Unearned Sales Revenue $10,000

         To Sales Revenue        $10,000

(Being the unearned sales revenue is recorded)

Cost of Goods Sold   $7,500

         Inventory              $7,500

(Being the cost of a product is recorded)

Answer:

The maximum amount of goods and services an economy can turn out when it is most efficient.

Answer:

Biden them trump supporters mad mad

Answer:

no. keep it this way. it looks nice. nothing is better than this

The adjusted cost basis per share of the position after the 20% stock dividend is $48.00.

To calculate the adjusted cost basis per share after a stock dividend, we need to divide the original investment amount by the total number of shares after the dividend.

In this case, the investor purchased 100 shares of ABC common stock valued at $6,000. After the 20% stock dividend, the investor will receive an additional 20 shares (20% of 100). So the total number of shares after the dividend is 120 (100 + 20).

To find the adjusted cost basis per share, we divide the original investment of $6,000 by the total number of shares, which gives us $50.00 ($6,000 divided by 120).

Therefore, the adjusted cost basis per share of this position after the stock dividend is $48.00, as none of the given answer choices match the correct calculation.

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Hello! To calculate the beta of a stock with an expected return of 16%, given the expected market return of 19% and T-bills yield of 7%, you can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) formula:

Expected Return = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * (Market Return - Risk-Free Rate)
Here's the step-by-step calculation:
1. Plug in the values into the CAPM formula:
16% = 7% + Beta * (19% - 7%)
2. Simplify the equation:
16% - 7% = Beta * 12%
3. Continue simplifying the equation:
9% = Beta * 12%
4. Solve for Beta:
Beta = 9% / 12%
5. Calculate the value of Beta:
Beta = 0.75

The beta of the stock is 0.75. This indicates that the stock is expected to move 75% of the market's movement, and it's less volatile compared to the market as a whole.

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Answer: A

Explanation:

Your resume is what you are telling the boss about you, your skills, your accomplishments, and what you do in the internet. This will prove if you get the job or not and I think this is the most important.

A resume is one of the most important materials for job searching. Hence, option A is appropriate.

Job seekers must create a formal paper called a resume to describe their qualifications for a position. A personalized cover letter that is included with a resume typically conveys interest in a particular position or business and attracts attention to the CV's most crucial details.

A CV, usually called résumé, is a formal record used to describe a person's professional experience and skill set. It is typically made to aid an applicant in finding a new job. A professional overview, work history, as well as education parts make up a conventional resume.

The goal of a resume would be to persuade potential employers that you are qualified for just a position and therefore warrant an interview. Many job seekers are under the impression that their resumes must provide a detailed account of their professional experiences. Consider your resume as just an advertisement for yourself instead.

Hence, option A is correct.

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The following was a result of Joseph McCarthy s attacks on President Truman in the early 1950s: Dwight Eisenhower became president in 1952.  The correct option is B.

President Truman  played a significant role in shaping post-World War II policies, including the decision to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the implementation of the Marshall Plan, and the establishment of NATO.

Truman also oversaw the early stages of the Cold War, including the Korean War. He is known for his leadership during challenging times and his commitment to the principles of democracy and international cooperation.

Thus, the ideal selection is option B.

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The complete question might be:

Which of the following was a result of Joseph McCarthy s attacks on President Truman in the early 1950s?

a. Truman defeated McCarthy in the election of 1952.

b. Dwight Eisenhower became president in 1952.

c. McCarthy decided not to run for reelection.

d. Truman was revealed to be a communist.

Answer:

The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.

Explanation:

Economics is a social science concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and nations make choices about how to allocate resources. The building blocks of economics are the studies of labor and trade.

Answer:

Monopolistic

Explanation:

The type of competition that occurs in a competitive market without identical producers is a monopolistic one.

Among the options provided, the personality trait of conscientiousness is generally considered the best predictor of job performance.

Conscientiousness is characterized by traits such as dependability, self-discipline, organization, and attention to detail, which are highly valued in many job roles. Research has consistently shown that individuals who score high on conscientiousness tend to be more successful in their careers, perform better on the job, and have higher job satisfaction. While intelligence and education may also be relevant factors in job performance, they are not as consistently predictive across all job roles and industries as conscientiousness.

Reference checks can provide valuable information about a candidate's past performance, but they may be subject to biases and limitations, such as the quality of the reference and the context in which the candidate worked.

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Above statement is correct, the term "macro environment" refers to the overall environment that originates outside of a company and indirectly influences business operations. A businessman has no control over these elements.

As opposed to a microenvironment, which focuses on the economy of a particular sector or region, a macro environment refers to the overall, broader economy and the forces affecting it. The macroeconomic environment or elements have an impact on how all businesses function, which in turn has an impact on the economy as a whole.

The term "micro environment" refers to the environment that arises within an organisation and immediately influences business operations. A businessman has complete control over these elements.

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Stansfield Corporation's net cash provided (used) by financing activities can be calculated as follows:

Issuance of common stock: $250,000
Issuance of bonds payable: $510,000
Payment of dividends: ($350,000)
Purchase of treasury stock: ($46,000)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities: $364,000

The issuance of common stock and bonds payable represent cash inflows from financing activities, while the payment of dividends and purchase of treasury stock represent cash outflows from financing activities. By subtracting the cash outflows from the cash inflows, we arrive at the net cash provided (used) by financing activities.

In 2020, Stansfield Corporation had a net cash inflow of $364,000 from financing activities. This information should be reported on the company's statement of cash flows to provide insight into its sources and uses of cash during the year.

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False, Internal failure costs are costs that occur when defects are identified before the product or service is delivered to the customer.

Internal failure costs refer to the costs incurred by a company when it detects defects in its products or services during the production process or before delivery to customers. These costs can include the cost of reworking, repairing, or scrapping defective products, as well as the cost of lost labor and materials.

Internal failure costs occur when an unsatisfactory good or service is identified and corrected before it is delivered to a customer. These costs include rework, scrap, and other corrective actions taken to fix the issue before the customer receives the product or service.

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Using the appropriate statistical relationship, the mean, range and Interquartile range for the advertisement spending of the two companies are worked out below.

Automotive:

598, 1512, 1573, 1642, 1714, 1720, 1781, 1798, 1813, 2008, 2014, 2024, 2058, 2166, 2202, 2254, 2366, 2526, 2531, 2901

Department :

448, 472, 474, 573, 589, 597, 598, 622, 629, 669, 706, 714, 746, 760, 782, 824, 840, 856, 947, 1011

Recall :

Sample mean = ΣX/n

1.)

Mean for Automotive = 39201 / 20 = 1960.05

Mean for Department = 13857 / 20 = 692.85

2.)

Range for Automotive = 2901 - 598 = 2303

Range for Department = 1011 - 448 = 563

3.)

Automotive :

Upper quartile(Q3) = 0.75(21) = 15.75th term = 2228

Lower quartile (Q1) = 0.25(21) = 5.25th term = 1717

Interquartile Range = 2228 - 1717 = 511

Department :

Upper quartile(Q3) = 0.75(21) = 15.75th term = 803

Lower quartile (Q1) = 0.25(21) = 5.25th term = 593

Interquartile Range = 893 - 593 = 210

4.)

Comparing the spread of the spending between the companies, the average spending by the Automotive company is higher with a greater level of spread.

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