coal is both the most carbon intensive energy source and the one with the highest water footprint. group of answer choices true false

percent yield: 65.3%.

Given chemicals: NaOH, H₂SO₄. Wanted chemical: Na₂SO₄.

The theoretical yield is therefore 497.14 g of Na₂SO₄.

Mole ratio: 2 moles NaOH : 1 mole H₂SO₄ : 1 mole Na₂SO₄.

Molar mass: Na₂SO₄, with a molar mass of 142.04 g/mol.

Theoretical yield:

From the balanced equation, 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of H₂SO₄ to produce 1 mole of Na₂SO₄.

So, 5.00 moles of NaOH will react with (7.00 moles H₂SO₄ / 2.00 moles NaOH) = 3.50 moles of H₂SO₄.

From the mole ratio, the number of moles of Na₂SO₄ produced will be the same as the number of moles of H₂SO₄ used.

Therefore, the number of moles of Na₂SO₄ produced will be 3.50 moles.

The mass of Na₂SO₄ produced can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass: 3.50 mol × 142.04 g/mol = 497.14 g.

The theoretical yield is therefore 497.14 g of Na₂SO₄.

Percent yield:

Given: actual yield = 325 g of Na₂SO₄.

Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100% = (325 g / 497.14 g) × 100% ≈ 65.3%. Answer: 65.3%.

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Answer:

Find the list below.

Explanation:

Good Use

1. Manufacture of substances: Virtually all manufactured substances incorporate water during their production.

2. Provision of electricity: Water in dams have been channeled to provide thermal energy.

3. Provision of transportation: Ships, boats, and canoes provide a means of transporting humans and goods to other places using water as a medium.

4. Provision of recreation: Swimming in pools are recreational activities.

5. Cleaning surfaces and the environment: Dust and other debris are removed from our homes and environments with the help of water.

6. Provision of food: The fishes obtained from water bodies serve as a food source.

Bad Use

1. Refuse dumping ground: Most industries and homes channel waste products into water bodies and this can be dangerous to aquatic lives.

2. Channels for oil spillage: Oil spillage is another environmental hazard caused by humans on water bodies.

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Answer:

Isotopes

Explanation:

Scientists now know that most elements come in more than one version. The different versions are called Isotopes. The difference between them is the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Isotopes usually differ in the mass number of the elements which is the reason why they also have a different neutron number. They may also differ in physical characteristics but would most likely have common chemical properties.

Answer:

Negative ion

Explanation:

I took the test

The given atom chlorine contains 18 electrons and 17 protons. It have one electron that dominates over the proton number. Thus it have a negative charge and it is a negative ion.

Ions are formed by the lose or gain of electrons from neutral atoms. Atoms are neutral in ground state because they contains equal number of negatively charged particles called electrons and positively charged particles protons.

When atom lose an electron, it gains a positive charge because by the lose of an electron, protons dominate by one. Similarly when atom gain an electron they form negative ions, since one more electron leads one extra negative charge.

The number of electrons in Cl atom is `17. When it gains one electron then one unit of negative charge dominates over the 17 protons. Thus it form a negative ion with 18 electrons.

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The volume of 0.5 mole of oxygen gas at the given condition is 11.2 dm³.

Volume of 1 mole of oxygen at STP

The volume of one mole of oxygen at standard temperature an pressure is 22.4 dm³.

Number of moles of the oxygen gas

The number of moles of the 10 g of oxygen is calculated as follows;

n= 16/32

n= 0.5 mole

The volume of 0.5 mole of oxygen gas

V = 0.5 x 22.4 dm³

V = 11.2 dm³

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Measuring tool would you use to measure the area of a football field is used a tender wheel

If you need to measure much longer lengths for example the length of a football pitch then you could use a trundle wheel then you use it by pushing the wheel along the ground and it clicks every time it measures one meter and to measure the football field area then

Area = length×breadth

Area = 90m×45m

Area = 4.05m²

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Answer:

Q = 1461.6 J

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of ice = 36 g

Initial temperature = -20°C

Final temperature = 0°C

Amount of heat absorbed = ?

Solution:

specific heat capacity of ice is 2.03 j/g.°C

Formula:

Q = m.c. ΔT

Q = amount of heat absorbed or released

m = mass of given substance

c = specific heat capacity of substance

ΔT = change in temperature

ΔT = T2 - T1

ΔT =  0°C - (-20°C)

ΔT = 20°C

Q = 36 g ×2.03 j/g.°C×20°C

Q = 1461.6 J

If the total molarity of acid and conjugate base in the buffer is 0.100 M and then adds 6.70 mL of a 0.360 M HCl solution is to the beaker, the pH of the buffer solution changes from 5.000 to 4.71 after the addition of 6.70 mL of 0.360 M HCl solution and the pH decreases by 0.290.

To calculate the change in pH of the buffer solution after the addition of the given volume of HCl, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation which is given as;

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

where, [A⁻] is the molar concentration of the conjugate base, [HA] is the molar concentration of the weak acid, and pKa is the dissociation constant of the weak acid.

In the given buffer solution, acetic acid is the weak acid and the acetate ion is the conjugate base. The dissociation constant of acetic acid is given as;

Ka = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵

Therefore, the pKa of acetic acid is given as;

pKa = - log Ka

= - log (1.8 × 10⁻⁵)

= 4.74

The buffer solution is 0.100 M. Therefore, the molar concentration of acetate ion and acetic acid in the buffer solution is 0.050 M respectively. This is because the buffer solution contains equal amount of weak acid and conjugate base.We are also given that 6.70 mL of 0.360 M HCl is added to the buffer solution. The number of moles of HCl added is given as follows;

moles of HCl = concentration × volume

= 0.360 × 6.70 / 1000

= 0.002412 mol

Since acetic acid is the weaker acid, the added H⁺ ions will react with acetate ions to form acetic acid. The number of moles of acetate ion and acetic acid after the addition of HCl is given as follows;

moles of acetate ion = moles of initial acetate ion - moles of HCl added

= 0.050 - 0.002412

= 0.04759 mol

moles of acetic acid = moles of initial acetic acid + moles of HCl added

= 0.050 + 0.002412

= 0.05241 mol

Using the new molar concentrations, we can calculate the new pH of the buffer solution as follows;

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

= 4.74 + log (0.04759 / 0.05241)

= 4.74 - 0.034

= 4.71

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The catalyst used in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils is a transition metal, commonly nickel, which facilitates the addition of hydrogen atoms to the unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds in the oil molecules, resulting in a solid product with improved stability and shelf life.

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen gas (H2) is combined with another substance, often to convert unsaturated molecules into saturated ones. In the case of vegetable oils, hydrogenation is employed to turn liquid oils into solid fats, such as margarine or shortening. This process enhances the stability, shelf life, and melting point of the oils.

The catalyst used in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils is typically a metal, often a transition metal. Common catalysts include nickel, palladium, platinum, and sometimes even rhodium. These metals facilitate the addition of hydrogen atoms to the unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds found in the vegetable oil molecules. Nickel, being relatively inexpensive and effective, is the most commonly used catalyst in this process.

During the hydrogenation reaction, the vegetable oil is heated and mixed with hydrogen gas. The metal catalyst is introduced, and its presence accelerates the reaction, allowing the hydrogen atoms to be added to the oil molecules efficiently. The result is a product with a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids, leading to its solid state at room temperature.

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Answer: the state or power of being reactive or the degree to which a thing is reactive.

Explanation:

It's a mixture.

Because the constituents aren't in any fixed ratio.

When doubling the number of the moles of the HCl decrease the rate of HCl production because the acid convertase enzyme is converting HCl back into H⁺ and Cl⁻.

The reaction is as follows :

H⁺  +  Cl⁻  ⇄ HCl

If we double the number of the moles of the HCl , it decreases the rate of the HCl production because of the reason that  the acid convertase enzyme is converting the HCl back into the H⁺ and Cl⁻. The purpose of the  enzyme is to allow the conversion of the reactant to the product and the product back to the reactant

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The molar conductivity of KCl at this concentration and  transport numbers and molar ionic conductivity of K+ and Cl– are

Generally, The transport number, t, of an ion can be calculated using the equation: t = (μi x Ci) / Λm,

where

Given that the electric mobility of

K+ is 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1, the electric mobility of Cl- is 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1, and the concentration of KCl is 0.30 mol L^-1, we can calculate the transport numbers as:

t(K+) = (5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x [K+]) / Λm t(Cl-)

= (6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x [Cl-]) / Λm

where

[K+] and [Cl-] are the molar concentrations of K+ and Cl- ions, respectively.

The molar ionic conductivity, Λi, of an ion can be calculated using the equation: Λi = μi x Ci,

where

Given that the electric mobility of K+ is 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 and the concentration of K+ is 0.15 mol L^-1, the molar ionic conductivity of K+ is:

Λ(K+) = 5.9 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x 0.15 mol L^-1

Λ(K+) =8.85×10−5

Similarly, given that the electric mobility of

Cl- is 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 and the concentration of Cl- is 0.15 mol L^-1, the molar ionic conductivity of Cl- is:

Λ(Cl-) = 6.14 x 10^-4 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 x 0.15 mol L^-1

Λ(Cl-) =9.21×10^−5

Finally, the molar conductivity of KCl can be calculated as:

Λm = Λ(K+) + Λ(Cl-)

=9.21×10^−5+8.85×10^−5

Λm =1.806×10−4

The transport numbers of K+ and Cl- can be calculated by

t(K+) = Λ(K+) / Λm and

t(Cl-) = Λ(Cl-) / Λm respectively.

t(K+) = 8.85×10−5/1.806×10−4 '

t(K+)=4.90033223×10^−9

and

t(Cl-) =9.21×10^−5/1.806×10−4

t(Cl-) =5.09966777×10^−9

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The hydrolysis of carbohydrates involves the removal of a water molecule, which breaks a covalent bond between sugar monomers.

This process is essentially the reverse of dehydration synthesis, which involves the formation of a covalent bond between sugar monomers through the removal of a water molecule.

During hydrolysis, enzymes catalyze the addition of a water molecule to break apart the covalent bond between sugar monomers, resulting in the release of energy and the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into simpler forms that can be utilized by the body. Overall, the hydrolysis of carbohydrates is a crucial process in metabolism that enables the body to extract energy from food sources.
The hydrolysis of carbohydrates can best be described as the addition of a water molecule that breaks a covalent bond between sugar monomers. This process involves the cleavage of complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars, such as glucose or fructose, through the insertion of a water molecule, which separates the monomers. Hydrolysis is essential for the digestion and utilization of carbohydrates in living organisms.

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Answer:

Lewis dot diagrams use dots arranged around the atomic symbol to represent the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom

Explanation:

The Kastle-Meyer test is a presumptive test for blood, which uses the enzyme peroxidase to catalyze a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and a substrate called phenolphthalein, producing a pink colour.

The Kastle-Meyer test is based on the presence of peroxidase enzymes found in many plants, including potatoes, beets, and horseradish. These enzymes catalyze the oxidation of phenolphthalein, the indicator used in the Kastle-Meyer test, producing pink colour.

This is why these vegetables can produce a positive reaction even though no blood is present. It is important to note that this test is not specific for blood and should not be used as the sole evidence for the presence of blood in a sample.

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Explanation:

beryllium must loss 2 electrons to form a stable octet to its nearest noble gas Helium.

It can loss electron because it is a metal and is placed in 2group and 2 period in group of alkaline earth metals.

hope this helps you to.

The solution for this question is A. Destructive; constructive

The weathering of a tall mountain down into a low-lying hill involves the breakdown and erosion of the mountain over time, which is a destructive process. This process typically occurs due to various factors such as wind, water, and ice erosion, which gradually wear away the mountain's structure.

On the other hand, the buildup of sand dunes through the deposition of sediment is a constructive process. This occurs when wind or water carries and deposits sand or sediment in a specific location, gradually forming dunes over time.

Therefore, the weathering of a tall mountain represents a landform being changed through a destructive process, while the creation of sand dunes through the deposition of sediment represents a landform being created through a constructive process.

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Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Therefore, the correct option is option A.

Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.

Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter.

So as we saw that matter has some mass so mass can be measured in gram only. Mass can also be represented as number of molecules. We also saw that matter occupy some volume and that volume is measured only in liter.  l nm = 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ fm

540 nanometers =  540 × 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ fm

                             =  5.40 x 10⁻⁴fm

Therefore, the correct option is option A.

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Answer:

The carbon returns to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Cars, factories, and power plants rely on these fossil fuels to operate. In the year 2000, vehicles were the source of one-third of all carbon dioxide emitted in the United States.

Explanation:

1. As Z stays constant and the number of electrons increases, the electron-electron repulsions increase, and the anion becomes larger.
2. The reverse is true for the cation, which becomes smaller than the neutral atom.

I⁻ has one more electron than the neutral atom I, which causes an increase in electron-electron repulsions and an increase in atomic size, making I⁻ larger than I. On the other hand, I⁺ has one less electron than the neutral atom I, causing a decrease in electron-electron repulsions and a decrease in atomic size, making I⁺ smaller than I.

Electrons are subatomic particles that carry a negative electrical charge. They are one of the fundamental components of atoms, along with protons and neutrons. Electrons are found orbiting around the nucleus of an atom in specific energy levels or shells.

Each electron has a mass of approximately 9.1 x 10^-31 kilograms and a charge of -1 elementary charge (e). The number of electrons in an atom determines its overall charge.

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Answer:

BaSO₄ has 4 oxygens. Ba(OH)₂ has 2 oxygens.

Explanation:

The number of any one element is the coefficient times the subscript of that element. In BaSO₄, the coefficient is 1 and the subscript for oxygen is 4. In Ba(OH)₂, the coefficient is 1 and the subscript is 2. In Ba(OH)₂, the subscript is outside the () because OH⁻ is an ion and the subscript applies to both elements in the ().

Answer:

2

Explanation:

The balanced oxidation half equation is given below:

Oxidation reactions are reactions in which the oxidation of the species increases.

Oxidation reactions can involve addition of oxygen or electronegative elements to a substance or the removal of hydrogen or electropositive elements from a substance.

The balanced half-reaction for the oxidation of solid manganese dioxide to permanganate ion in acidic aqueous solution is given below:

MnO₂ + H₂O → MnO₄⁻ + H⁺ + 3 e⁻

In conclusion, the balanced oxidation half equation shows that three electrons were lost by the manganese (iv) ion to form manganese (vii) ion.

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A unit cell can be visualized as a building block that, when replicated in all directions, creates the entire crystal lattice. Unit cells can have different shapes, the most common types of unit cells include simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic etc.

(a) Definition of a unit cell: A unit cell is the basic repeating unit of a crystal lattice. It represents the smallest portion of a crystal that, when stacked together, can generate the entire crystal structure.

(b) Sketch of a body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell is represented in the image below. In the BCC unit cell, atoms are located at the eight corners of the cube and one atom is positioned at the center of the cube.

(c) Coordination number in a BCC unit cell: The coordination number is the number of nearest neighboring atoms surrounding a central atom. In a BCC unit cell, each atom is in contact with eight nearest neighboring atoms: one in the center of the unit cell and one at each of the eight corners.

(d) Calculation for the atomic packing factor (APF) of a BCC unit cell:

The APF is calculated as the volume occupied by the atoms in the unit cell divided by the total volume of the unit cell.

For a BCC unit cell, the APF can be calculated as follows:

APF = (Number of atoms in the unit cell * Volume of each atom) / Volume of the unit cell

In a BCC unit cell, there are two atoms (one at the center and one at the corner), and the volume of each atom can be approximated as (\(4/3\)) * π * \((radius)^3\). The volume of the unit cell can be calculated as the cube of the edge length.

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