can someone please explain to me the difference between oxidation and reduction? Please I need help.​

Reflecting telescopes are preferred for scientific research because they are better suited for gathering large amounts of light and producing high-quality images. However, refracting telescopes are still popular for amateur astronomers and for viewing objects on Earth.

Reflecting telescopes are different from refracting telescopes because reflecting telescopes use mirrors, whereas refracting telescopes use lenses. The reflecting telescope was invented in 1668 by Sir Isaac Newton, and it has since become one of the most popular types of telescopes.
Reflecting telescopes use a mirror to gather and focus light, while refracting telescopes use a lens to do the same thing. Reflecting telescopes can be made much larger than refracting telescopes because it is easier to make large mirrors than it is to make large lenses. The mirror in a reflecting telescope is placed at the back of the telescope, and it gathers and reflects light back to a secondary mirror, which then reflects the light to the eyepiece. The eyepiece is where the observer looks through the telescope.In contrast, the lens in a refracting telescope is placed at the front of the telescope, and it gathers and bends light as it passes through. The lens focuses the light onto an eyepiece at the back of the telescope. Refracting telescopes are generally smaller than reflecting telescopes because of the difficulty of making large lenses.
Another difference between reflecting and refracting telescopes is the way they are constructed. Reflecting telescopes have a simple tube that houses the mirrors and eyepiece, while refracting telescopes have a more complex design with a long tube that contains the lens and eyepiece.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction, also known as analysis or dissociation, is a type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements. In this reaction, a single reactant undergoes a chemical change and produces two or more products.

The decomposition reaction can be represented by the general equation:

AB → A + B

Where AB is the reactant, and A and B are the products. The reactant AB is usually a compound, and it breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds.

There are different types of decomposition reactions, including:

Thermal decomposition: It occurs when a compound is heated, resulting in its decomposition into simpler substances. For example, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Electrolytic decomposition: It takes place when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, causing it to break down into its component ions. For instance, the electrolysis of water (H2O) leads to the decomposition into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2):

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Photochemical decomposition: It occurs when a compound undergoes decomposition due to exposure to light energy. Chlorine gas (Cl2) can decompose into chlorine atoms (Cl) under the influence of light:

Cl2 → 2Cl

These are just a few examples of decomposition reactions. They are important in various chemical processes and are used in industries, laboratory experiments, and natural phenomena. By understanding and controlling decomposition reactions, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of different compounds and develop practical applications in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science.

Answer:

Explanation:

reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements

The solubility in moles/liter for aluminum hydroxide at 25 degrees Celcius is  2.47×109 M

What is solubility?

The maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given volume of a solvent at a particular temperature is referred to as the substance's solubility. The solubility of a given solute-solvent combination is a quality that is unique to that combination; yet, the solubility of individual compounds can vary substantially.

Given that,

Temperature= 25 degrees Celcius

Ksp value= 1.0 X 10^-33

Al(OH)3(s) ==> Al3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq)

Ksp = [Al3+][OH-]3

Let x = [Al3+], then [OH-] = 3x

1.3x10-33 = (x)(3x)3

1.3x10-33 = 27x4

x4 = 4.8x10-35

x = 2.5X10-9 M = molar solubility of Al(OH)3

Hence, the answer rounded off to one decimal point since in decimal part .466 digits in 2nd and 3rd place (66) and greater than 50. the previous digit is converted to the next digit (4-5) Even if you want to give the answer up to two decimal points then the digit in 3rd place (6) is greater than (5) so the digit in 2nd decimal place converts to (67) the answer will be 2.47×109.

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Polymers can be found naturally in plants as well as in animals or can be human made or synthetic. Here nucleic acids and proteins similar, because They are both polymers. The correct option is A.

The large macromolecules which are formed by the combination of a large number of smaller subunits called the monomers are defined as the polymers. The polymers are present all around us, also in DNA which is a naturally occurring biopolymer.

Proteins, starch, cellulose, etc. are natural polymers. Nucleic acids are the polynucleotides of very high molecular mass formed from the linking of nucleotide units. They are important biopolymers for the transmission of hereditary character.

Proteins are also complex molecules from the amino acids and they are responsible for the metabolism, defense, etc. Keratin is a protein found in the outer part of skin.

Thus the correct option is A.

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Explanation:

The reaction is CaCO

3

+2HCl→CaCl

2

+H

2

O+CO

2

.

Thus, 2 moles of HCl reacts with one mole of calcium carbonate to produce one mole each of calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide respectively.

Hence, 3 moles of HCl will react with excess of calcium carbonate to produce 3×

2

1

=1.5 mol of carbon dioxide

The number of daughter product (207Pb) will the crystal contain in 1.4 billion years is 30,000, option B.

Understanding radioactive decay and managing radioactive waste depend on the existence of decay products. The decay chain usually terminates with an isotope of lead or bismuth for elements with atomic numbers higher than lead.

Individual components of the decay chain are frequently just as radioactive as the parent but much smaller in volume or mass. Due to the fact that some naturally occurring pitchblende contains radium-226, which is soluble and not a ceramic like the parent, some bits of pitchblende are highly harmful even though uranium is not dangerously radioactive when pure. Similar to this, after only a few months of storage, the daughters of 232Th begin to accumulate and increase the radioactivity of thorium gas mantles, which are initially only very faintly radioactive.

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Complete question:

A crystal of zircon incorporates 40,000 atoms of 235U within its structure when it crystallizes from a magma. After two half-lives (~1.4 billion years) have elapsed how many atoms of the daughter product (207Pb) will the crystal contain?

0 40.000 30,000 Oc 20,000 d. 10.000

Atomic mass of Sulfur = 32g

32g of Sulfur is one mole.

1g of Sulfur is \( \frac{1}{32} moles \)

96.21g of Sulfur is \( \frac{96.21}{32} moles=> 3moles(appx) \)

Answer:

\(\boxed {\boxed {\sf 3 \ moles \ sulfur}}\)

Explanation:

To convert from grams to moles, the molar mass is used. This value is the number of grams in 1 mole of a substance and it can be found on the Periodic Table. Look for Sulfur or S.

We use this as a ratio.

\(\frac {32.07 \ g \ S}{1 \ mo;\l\ S }\)

Multiply by the given number of grams.

\(96.21 \ g \ S*\frac {32.07 \ g \ S}{1 \ mo\l\ S }\)

Flip the fraction so the grams of sulfur cancel out.

\(96.21 \ g \ S*\frac {1 \ mol \ S}{32.07 \ g \ S }\)

\(96.21*\frac {1 \ mol \ S}{32.07 }\)

\(\frac {96.21 \ mol \ S}{32.07 }= 3 \ mol \ S\)

96.21 grams of sulfur is equal to 3 moles of sulfur.

A material with density 2.7 g/ml and volume 35.6 ml would have a mass of 96.12 g

Given that,

Density (D) = 2.7 g/ml

Volume (V) = 35.6 ml

We need to find the mass (m) of the material

We know that,

D = m / V

D = Density

m = Mass

V = Volume

Substituting,

2.7 = m / 35.6

m = 2.7 * 35.6

m = 96.12 g

Thus, mass of the material is 96.12 g

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Answer:

Al(OH)3 + 3HCl ---------> AlCl3 + 3H2O

To find the pH of the buffer, we need to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
\(pH = pKa + log([NH_{3} ]/[NH_{4} +])\)

where [\(NH_{3}\)] is the concentration of ammonia and\([NH_{4}+]\) is the concentration of ammonium.

First, we need to calculate the concentration of ammonium ion \((NH_{4} +)\)using the dissociation equilibrium of ammonium:
\(NH_{4}+ + H_{2}O = NH_{3} + H_{3} O+\)

The equilibrium constant for this reaction is:
\(Ka = [NH_{3}][H_{3}O+]/[NH_{4} +]\)

Since we know the pKa of ammonium (9.24), we can calculate the Ka:

\(Ka = 10^{-pKa} = 10^{-9.24} = 4.38 * 10^{-10}\)

Now, we can use the concentrations of\(NH_{4} +\)and \(NH_{3}\)given in the problem to calculate the concentration of \(H_{3}O+:\)
\(Ka = [NH_{3} ][H_{3} O+]/[NH_{4} +]\)
\(4.38 * 10^{-10} = (0.22-x)*/(0.25+x)\)

where x is the concentration of \(H_{3}O+\) in M.

Solving for x, we get:
\(x = 3.3 * 10^{-9}\) M

So, the concentration of \(H_{3}O+\) is \(3.3 * 10^{-9}\) M. Using this value and the concentrations of \(NH_{4}+\) and \(NH_{3}\), we can now calculate the pH of the buffer:

\(pH = pKa + log([NH_{3} ]/[NH_{4} +])\)
\(pH = 9.24 + log(0.22/0.25)\)
pH = 9.24 - 0.048
pH = 9.192

Therefore, the pH of the ammonia buffer solution is approximately 9.192.

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Answer:

The curve that separates the solid and liquid phases on a phase diagram is called the melting curve or fusion curve. This curve indicates the melting point of a substance at various temperatures and pressures. The point where the melting curve intersects with the vaporization curve (the curve that separates the liquid and gas phases) is called the triple point. At the triple point, all three phases of the substance (solid, liquid, and gas) can coexist in equilibrium.

The curve on a phase diagram that indicates the melting point at various temperatures and pressures is called the "melting curve" or "solid-liquid equilibrium curve." This curve separates the solid phase region from the liquid phase region on the diagram.

The melting curve represents the set of conditions (temperature and pressure) under which a substance can simultaneously exist in both solid and liquid phases, indicating its melting point. As you move along the curve, the melting point changes according to the pressure variation. At higher pressures, the melting point typically increases, while at lower pressures, it decreases. This relationship can be attributed to the fact that increased pressure favors the more densely packed phase, which is usually the solid state.

The phase diagram also includes other important points and curves, such as the sublimation curve (separating solid and gas phases), vaporization curve (separating liquid and gas phases), and the triple point (where all three phases coexist in equilibrium). These elements help to understand the behavior of a substance under varying temperature and pressure conditions.

In summary, the melting curve on a phase diagram indicates the melting points of a substance at different pressures and temperatures. It allows for a comprehensive understanding of the phase transitions and equilibria that a substance may undergo under various conditions.

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There are 75 grams in 2.5 moles of dicarbon hexahydride (C₂H₆).

The given parameters;

The molecular mass of dicarbon hexahydride is calculated as follows;

Mw = C₂H₆ = (2 x 12) + (6 x 1)

Mw =30 g/mol

The mass of the dicarbon hexahydride in the given number of moles is calculated as follows;

mass = n x Mw

mass = 2.5 x 30

mass = 75 g

Thus, we can conclude that there are 75 grams in 2.5 moles of dicarbon hexahydride (C₂H₆).

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Answer:

39.6 g

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction is;

2Mg(s) + O2(g) --------> 2MgO(s)

To obtain the limiting reactant;

Number of moles in 26.4 g of Mg = 26.4g/24 g/mol = 1.1 moles

If 2 moles of Mg yields 2 moles of MgO

1.1 moles of Mg yields 1.1 * 2/2 = 1.1 moles of MgO

Number of moles in 26.4 g of O2 = 26.4 g/32g/mol = 0.825 moles

If 1 mole of O2 yields 2 moles of MgO

0.825 moles of O2 yields 0.825 moles * 2/1 = 1.65 moles of MgO

Hence Mg is the limiting reactant.

Theoretical yield of MgO = 1.1 moles of MgO * 40 g/mol = 44 g

Percent yield = 90%

Percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield * 100

Actual yield = Percent yield * theoretical yield/100

Actual yield = 90 * 44/100

Actual yield = 39.6 g

Answer:

4 mile : 253440 inches

0.004 grams : 1.814 grams

56 miles/hour : 82.133 feet per second

4.5 ml : 0.45 centilitre

34.g/ml : 74.9571691 lb/liter

30 lb: 480 ounces

The key intermediate containing a chiral center of the alanine racemase catalyzed reaction can be represented as a structure containing the alpha-carbon of the alanine bound to the PLP moiety.

The conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine catalyzed by alanine racemase is an essential biological process as D-alanine is an important constituent of bacterial cell walls. Alanine racemase catalyzes the interconversion of the two stereoisomers of alanine and is also known to be a member of the pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme family. In the process of catalyzing the reaction, the enzyme uses the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), which acts as an electrophile and an electron sink. PLP acts as an electrophile by forming a Schiff base with the alpha-amino group of L-alanine, which is followed by proton abstraction from the alpha-carbon to generate a carbanion that is stabilized by PLP. The carbanion intermediate is then report at the opposite face to give D-alanine.

Therefore, PLP is a crucial co-factor that is required for the function of alanine racemase, as it provides the key intermediate containing a chiral center that is essential for the conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine. The key intermediate can be represented as a structure containing the alpha-carbon of the alanine bound to the PLP moiety, which plays an important role in stabilizing the carbanion intermediate formed during the reaction.

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The percentage of the total energy contributed by fat = 51.59% of fat

The quantity of fat in the hamburger = 36grams

But 1 gram of fat = 9 kcal( standard energy value per gram of fat).

That is , 9kcal = 1 gram

X kcal = 36 grams

cross multiply,

X kcal = 9 × 36

= 324kcal

To calculate the percentage of 324kcal of fat in 628 kcal,

\(\% = \frac{324}{628} \times \frac{100}{1} \)

\(\% = \frac{32400}{628} \)

% = 51.59% of fat

The percentage of the total energy contributed by fat = 51.59%

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    Answer: Photosynthesis generates chemical form of energy for use by the plant. It is basically a process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

   Explanation: Plants absorb water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the soil and atmosphere during photosynthesis. After this, water is oxidized, which means it loses electrons, while carbon dioxide is reduced, which means it receives electrons, inside the plant cell. Water is converted into oxygen and carbon dioxide into glucose as a result. After storing energy within the glucose molecules, the plant releases the oxygen back into the atmosphere. Chloroplasts are tiny organelles that are found inside plant cells and are used to store solar energy. Chlorophyll, a light-absorbing pigment found in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast, is what gives plants their green hue. Chlorophyll absorbs energy from blue and red- light waves during photosynthesis and reflects green light waves, giving the appearance of a green- colored plant.

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Answer:

answer is 2 I think I'm correct sorry if I'm not

Answer:

\(\displaystyle \Delta T & = 67\text{$^\circ$C}\)

Explanation:

Recall that the energy change of a substance is given by:

\(\displaystyle q = mC\Delta T\)

Where C is the substance's specific heat.

Substitute in known values and solve for ΔT:

\(\displaystyle \begin{aligned} (1500\text{ J}) & = (0.160\text{ kg})\left(\frac{0.14\text{ J}}{\text{g-$^\circ$C}}\right)\left(\frac{1000 \text{ g}}{1\text{ kg}}\right) \Delta T \\ \\ \Delta T & = 67\text{$^\circ$C}\end{aligned}\)

In conclusion, the temperature of the mercury metal increased by 67°C.

The correct answer is that the Ka of unkonwn weak acid Ha, at 25°c, if the pH of a 2.5x10^-2m solution of the acid was measured and found to be 4.94 is 52.9x10^-10

The acid dissociation constant determines the difference between strong and weak acids (Ka). The acid dissociates more as Ka increases. Strong acids must thus dissociate more in water. A weak acid, on the other hand, is less likely to ionise and release a hydrogen ion, which results in a less acidic solution.Salt and acid are in a 1/5 to 4/5 ratio. In today's experiment, you will first determine Ka of an unidentified acid by measuring the pH of the pure acid (no salt present). Titrating the acid is the next step to figure out how much base is needed to totally neutralize it. For each answer, you will calculate Ka.

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Answer:

animals

Explanation:

I think I remember this from a quiz I took so exotic species

Answer:

the answer is....... D. Plasma

Answer:

Plasma

Explanation:

Got it right

The Lewis structure of ammonia (NH3) is represented as:  H        H        H      NH2e-                1                  2                  3                   4  +NH3: : : Each line between the atoms represents a covalent bond, and each pair of dots represents a lone pair of electrons.

The structure that is the Lewis structure for ammonia (NH3) is a trigonal pyramid. It is also considered as the central atom with three outer atoms. This is a type of covalent bond that is present in nitrogen and hydrogen atoms in the ammonia molecule.

The Lewis structure is based on the octet rule which states that an atom wants to have 8 electrons in their outermost shell (in some cases, 2 electrons in their outermost shell for hydrogen) to achieve stability. The Lewis structure also shows the arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule. It helps to predict the geometry of the molecule and understand its properties.

To draw the Lewis structure of ammonia (NH3), we first need to count the total number of valence electrons in the molecule. Nitrogen has five valence electrons, and each hydrogen atom has one valence electron. So the total number of valence electrons in NH3 is 5+3(1) = 8 electrons. The nitrogen atom in NH3 is the central atom that is surrounded by three hydrogen atoms.

Nitrogen shares its three valence electrons with the three hydrogen atoms to form three covalent bonds. This results in a total of six electrons being used up, with two left over.The two remaining electrons form a lone pair on the nitrogen atom. The lone pair is responsible for the trigonal pyramid shape of the molecule.

The Lewis structure of ammonia (NH3) is represented as:  H        H        H      NH2e-                1                  2                  3                   4  +NH3: : : Each line between the atoms represents a covalent bond, and each pair of dots represents a lone pair of electrons.

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Answer:

1.02mol

Explanation:

Using the general gas equation below;

PV = nRT

Where;

P = pressure (atm)

V = volume (L)

n = number of moles (mol)

R = gas law constant (0.0821 Latm/molK)

T = temperature (K)

According to the information provided in this question,

P = 2.0 atm

V = 11.4L

T = 273K

n = ?

Using PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 2 × 11.4/ 0.0821 × 273

n = 22.8/22.41

n = 1.017

n = 1.02mol

The pH of 1 X 10-2 M HCN acid is 5.7

D) between 4 and 7

HCN is weak acid dissociate as

HCN  + H2O   \rightleftharpoons  H3O+  +  CN-

Ka = [CN- ][H3O+] / [HCN]

but  [CN- ] = [H3O+] = x

Ka = [x][x] / [HCN]

Substitute the value in equation

4.0X 10-10 = [x]2/ 1 X 10-2

[x]2 = 4.0X 10-10 X1 X 10-2  = 4.0 X 10-12

[x] = 2.0 X 10-6 M

Concentration of H3O+ = 2 X 10-6 M

pH = - log[H3O+]

pH = - log (2 X 10-6)

pH = 5.7

Prussic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide, is a chemical substance with the formula HCN and the structural formula HCN. It is a colourless, incredibly poisonous, and flammable liquid that boils at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F), just slightly above room temperature.

Industrial-scale HCN production makes it a highly prized precursor to a wide range of chemical compounds, from pharmaceuticals to polymers. Production of potassium cyanide and adiponitrile, which are used in mining and plastics, respectively, has large-scale applications. Due to its volatile nature, it is more toxic than cyanide compounds that are solid.

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The next line in the series is at 397.01 nm.

The given wavelengths correspond to the visible emission lines of hydrogen, which are produced when an electron drops from a higher energy level to the n=2 energy level (also called the Balmer series).

The formula to calculate the wavelengths of the Balmer series is:

1/λ = R(1/2² - 1/n²)

where λ is the wavelength, R is the Rydberg constant (1.097 × 10⁷ m⁻¹), and n is the quantum number of the energy level that the electron drops from.

We can use this formula to find the next wavelength in the series. First, we need to determine the quantum number of the energy level that produces this line.

To do this, we can use the given wavelengths to find the differences between successive lines:

656.46 nm - 486.27 nm = 170.19 nm

486.27 nm - 434.17 nm = 52.10 nm

434.17 nm - 410.29 nm = 23.88 nm

We can see that the differences are getting smaller, which means that the wavelengths are getting closer together as we move to higher energy levels.

Therefore, we can estimate the next difference to be around 20 nm.

Next, we can set up an equation to solve for n:

1/λ = R(1/2² - 1/n²)

1/λ' = R(1/2² - 1/(n+1)²)

where λ' is the next wavelength in the series.

We can rearrange these equations and subtract them to eliminate R:

1/λ - 1/λ' = 1/n² - 1/(n+1)²

Using an estimate of 20 nm for λ - λ', we can solve for n:

1/656.46 nm - 1/676.46 nm = 1/n² - 1/(n+1)²

n ≈ 4

Therefore, the next line in the series corresponds to the transition from the n=5 energy level to the n=2 energy level. Plugging n=5 into the formula for the Balmer series, we can calculate the wavelength:

1/λ = R(1/2² - 1/5²)

λ = 1/(R(1/2² - 1/5²))

λ ≈ 397.01 nm

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Answer:

mass of the object and how much energy the object has

Answer:

SORRY IM LATE! at least i saw it.

Explanation:

Kingdom is Eucaryota

domain is eucarya

The correct answer to the given question is option b. N2

The answer can be found by using the ideal gas law, which states:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = gas constant

T = temperature

Assuming that the volume and the number of moles are constant, the equation can be simplified to:

(P/T)1 = (P/T)2

Where subscripts 1 and 2 represent the initial and final conditions, respectively.

We can use this equation to find the temperature at which the density of the given gas is the same as that of O2 gas at 0°C and 1.00 atm. The molar mass of O2 is 32.00 g/mol.

Let's first convert the initial and final temperatures to Kelvin:

316 °C = 589 K

0°C = 273 K

Now, let's solve for the pressure of the given gas:

(P/T)1 = (P/T)2

(P/589) = (1.50/273) (using the values given in the question)

P = (1.50/273) * 589

P = 3.23 atm

Next, we can use the density equation:

density = (molar mass * pressure) / (gas constant * temperature)

For O2 at 0°C and 1.00 atm, the density is:

density = (32.00 g/mol * 1.00 atm) / (0.08206 Latm/molK * 273 K)

density = 1.43 g/L

Now we can solve for the temperature at which the density of the given gas is also 1.43 g/L:

1.43 = (molar mass * 3.23) / (0.08206 * T)

T = (molar mass * 3.23) / (0.08206 * 1.43)

T = 258 K = -15°C

Therefore, the gas that has the same density at 316°C and 1.50 atm that O2 gas has at 0°C and 1.00 atm is nitrogen gas (N2).

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