A current is passed through three electrolytic cells connected in series containing solution of silver trioxonitrate (v),copper(ii) tetraoxosulphate(vi) and brine respectively.if 12.7g of copper are deposited in the second electrolytic cell calculate. the mass of silver deposited in the first cell, the volume of chlorine liberated in the third cell at 17c and 800mmhg pressure

In this reaction, the water is considered a base.

When ammonia molecules react with water, they form a solution that contains ammonium ions and hydroxide ion.

In this reaction, water will act as a base.This is because it is accepting hydrogen ions from the ammonia molecules and reacting with them to form a solution that contains both ammonium and hydroxide ions.

This is an example of a neutralization reaction, where an acid and a base react to form a neutral solution.

The water is classified as a reactant, as it is consumed and converted into the product solution.

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Answer:

motion of molecules because we gonna see which one is in a solid state and what's so ever

Answer:  A

Explanation:

Convection is a heat transfer mechanism where heat moves from one place to another through fluid currents. Forced convection is simply using this mechanism in a useful way to heat or cool a home efficiently, such as using a fan.

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Answer:

Convection is a heat transfer mechanism where heat moves from one place to another through fluid currents. Forced convection is simply using this mechanism in a useful way to heat or cool a home efficiently, such as using a fan.

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the change in enthalpy (ΔH) should be negative (exothermic), and the change in entropy (ΔS) should be positive (increase in disorder). The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) can be used to determine the spontaneity, where a negative value of ΔG indicates a spontaneous reaction.

The change in enthalpy (ΔH) and change in entropy (ΔS) values provide important information about the spontaneity of a reaction. For a reaction to be spontaneous, it should have a negative ΔH (exothermic) and a positive ΔS (increase in disorder).

1. If ΔH is negative, it means that the reaction releases energy in the form of heat. This is favorable for a spontaneous reaction because it indicates that the products are more stable than the reactants.

2. If ΔS is positive, it implies an increase in the randomness or disorder of the system. This increase in entropy favors the spontaneity of a reaction since nature tends to move towards higher entropy states.

3. To determine whether a reaction is spontaneous, we can use Gibbs free energy (ΔG). The relationship between ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG is given by the equation: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T represents temperature. If ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous.

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Direct expansion systems require the vapour exiting the evaporator to be superheated to avoid liquid slugging, to improve the effectiveness of the evaporator and to maintain the stability of the compressor. (B) Forced draft and induced draft evaporators differ in the way air is introduced into them. (C) CClF2CF3 (also known as R12) is a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. (ii) Tetrafluoroethane (also known as R134a) is a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant and H2O is not classified as a refrigerant. (D) The partial pressure of hydrogen in the evaporator is 1.6 mmHg.

(a) Direct expansion systems are those in which the refrigerant in the evaporator evaporates directly into the space to be cooled or frozen. The evaporator superheat is used to make sure that only vapor and no liquid is carried over into the suction line and compressor. Superheating is required for the following reasons :

(b) Forced draft and induced draft evaporators differ in the way air is introduced into them. In an induced draft evaporator, a fan or blower is positioned at the top of the evaporator, and air is drawn through the evaporator from the top. In a forced draft evaporator, air is propelled through the evaporator by a fan or blower that is located at the bottom of the evaporator. Forced draft evaporators are frequently used in direct expansion systems because they allow for better control of the air temperature. Because the air is directed upward through the evaporator and out of the top, an induced draft evaporator is less effective at keeping the air at a uniform temperature throughout the evaporator.

(c) (i) CClF2CF3 (also known as R12) is a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant.

(ii) Tetrafluoroethane (also known as R134a) is a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant.

(iii) H2O is not classified as a refrigerant.

(d) The function of hydrogen gas in an absorption refrigeration system (NH3/H2O/H2) is to increase the heat of reaction between ammonia and water.

The pressure of hydrogen gas in the evaporator of an absorption refrigeration system can be determined using the formula, Pa/Pb = (Ta/Tb)^(deltaS/R),

where Pa = partial pressure of hydrogen in the evaporator, Ta = evaporating temperature, Tb = condensing temperature, Pb = partial pressure of hydrogen in the absorber, deltaS = entropy change between the absorber and evaporator, R = gas constant.

Substituting the given values, Ta = −2.0 ∘C = 271 K ; Tb = 38.0 ∘C = 311 K ; Pb = atmospheric pressure = 1 atm ;

deltaS = 4.7 kJ/kg K ; R = 8.314 kJ/mol K

we get, Pa/1 atm = (271/311)^(4.7/8.314)

Pa = 0.021 atm or 1.6 mmHg

Therefore, the partial pressure of hydrogen in the evaporator is 1.6 mmHg.

Thus, Direct expansion systems require the vapour exiting the evaporator to be superheated to avoid liquid slugging, o improve the effectiveness of the evaporator and to maintain the stability of the compressor. (B) Forced draft and induced draft evaporators differ in the way air is introduced into them. (C) CClF2CF3 (also known as R12) is a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. (ii) Tetrafluoroethane (also known as R134a) is a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant and H2O is not classified as a refrigerant. (D) The partial pressure of hydrogen in the evaporator is 1.6 mmHg.

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Answer:

Garlic is sure healthy, but it is still not proven that garlic can help to prevent coronavirus.

Explanation:

Hope it helps :))

Answer:

Iodine. The reaction between hot iron and iodine vapor produces gray iron(II) iodide, and is much less vigorous. This reaction, the equation for which is given below, is difficult to carry out because he product is always contaminated with iodine. Iodine is only capable of oxidizing iron to the +2 oxidation state.

The use of cold ethanol instead of hot ethanol in recrystallization would hinder the dissolution process, result in slower crystal formation, and compromise the purity of the final product. Therefore, it is essential to follow the appropriate recrystallization procedure using hot ethanol to obtain the desired results.

The process of recrystallization involves dissolving a solid in a suitable solvent and then allowing it to crystallize out under controlled conditions. The choice of solvent and temperature is crucial in achieving successful recrystallization. In the given scenario, if cold ethanol is used instead of hot ethanol, the process of recrystallization may not work effectively for several reasons.

Firstly, ethanol has a lower solubility for many compounds at lower temperatures. Cold ethanol may not be able to dissolve the compound completely, leading to incomplete or inefficient recrystallization. The purpose of recrystallization is to obtain pure crystals, free from impurities. If the compound is not dissolved adequately, impurities may remain trapped, resulting in impure crystals.

Secondly, the rate of crystal formation is significantly slower at lower temperatures. By using hot ethanol, the solvent's increased kinetic energy allows for faster dissolution and subsequent recrystallization. Cold ethanol would not provide the same level of energy, leading to slower crystallization kinetics. This slower process increases the chances of impurities being trapped within the crystal lattice, diminishing the purity of the final product.

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To determine the number of molecules of water of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate and write its correct formula, we can use the given information and perform a calculation.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of nitric acid used in the titration:

Volume of nitric acid used = 28.75 cm³

Concentration of nitric acid = 1.6800 M

Number of moles of nitric acid = concentration × volume

= 1.6800 M × 0.02875 L

= 0.04824 moles

Since the reaction between nitric acid and hydrated sodium carbonate is 1:1, the moles of nitric acid used are equal to the moles of hydrated sodium carbonate.

Now, let's calculate the number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate:

Mass of hydrated sodium carbonate used = 138.14 g

Molar mass of hydrated sodium carbonate = 105.99 g/mol (\(Na_2CO_3\))

Volume of solution prepared = 600.00 cm³ = 0.6 L

Number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate = mass / molar mass

= 138.14 g / 105.99 g/mol

= 1.302 moles

Since the moles of nitric acid and hydrated sodium carbonate are equal, we can determine the number of water molecules of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate.

The molar ratio between hydrated sodium carbonate and water can be found from the balanced chemical equation. Let's assume the formula of hydrated sodium carbonate is \(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\)

From the balanced equation:

1 mole of\(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\) reacts with x moles of water.

Therefore, in this case:

1.302 moles of \(Na_2CO_3\) · x\(H_2O.\) reacts with x moles of water.

Since the number of moles of water is equal to the number of moles of hydrated sodium carbonate, we can conclude that the correct formula for the hydrated sodium carbonate is \(Na_2CO_3\) ·\(1.302 H_2O.\)

So, the number of water molecules of crystallization in the hydrated sodium carbonate is 1.302.

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The integumentary system functions to retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature. Cell membrane performs the same function as the integumentary system. Therefore, option A is correct.

The cell membrane performs a function that is similar to the integumentary system. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cell and acts as a barrier between the cell and its external environment.

It helps to regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintain the balance of fluids and electrolytes, and protect the cell from harmful substances.

The cell membrane can also play a role in temperature regulation, as it helps to maintain the proper internal environment of the cell.

Thus, option A is correct.

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Answer:

Percent yield = 88.23%

Explanation:

Given data:

Percent yield of ammonia = ?

Actual yield = 15 g

Mass of nitrogen = 14 g

Solution:

Chemical equation:

N₂ + 3H₂      →     2NH₃

Number of moles of nitrogen:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles = 14 g/ 28 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.5 mol

Now we will compare the moles of ammonia and nitrogen.

         N₂          :         NH₃

          1            :         2

         0.5        :        2/1×0.5 = 1 mol

Mass of ammonia/Theoretical yield

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 1 mol × 17 g/mol

Mass = 17 g

Percent yield:

Percent yield = ( actual yield / theoretical yield )× 100

Percent yield =  (15 g/ 17 g)× 100

Percent yield = 88.23%

Hydrogen fuel cells can potentially be up to 60% efficient. A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy.

The process is a simple one. When hydrogen is combined with oxygen from the air, it reacts chemically and produces electrical energy, water, and heat. This method of converting chemical energy into electrical energy is known as an electrochemical reaction. A fuel cell is essentially a battery that is constantly replenished with fuel and oxygen to continue generating electricity. Fuel cells have the potential to be highly efficient and environmentally friendly sources of energy. For example, hydrogen fuel cells can potentially be up to 60% efficient.

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Answer:

A weak acid is an acid that partially dissociates into its ions in an aqueous solution or water. In contrast, a strong acid fully dissociates into its ions in water. At the same concentration, weak acids have a higher pH value than strong acids.

Explanation:

:)

The correct option is (d) The temperature of the Santa Monica Bay, off the coast of Los Angeles, fluctuates less than the air temperature throughout the year.

Water has a high specific heat capacity, which means that it can absorb or release a large amount of heat energy without undergoing a large change in temperature.

As a result, bodies of water like lakes, rivers, and oceans can help to moderate the temperature of the surrounding area. This is why the temperature of the Santa Monica Bay, off the coast of Los Angeles, fluctuates less than the air temperature throughout the year.

The water in the bay acts as a heat sink, absorbing excess heat from the surrounding area during warm weather and releasing heat during cooler weather, which helps to stabilize the temperature.

While the other phenomena mentioned in the answer choices are also related to water, they are not directly caused by its high specific heat capacity.

The ability of the Jesus lizard to run across water is due to surface tension, lakes and rivers freeze from the top because ice is less dense than liquid water, and adding salt to snow makes it melt faster due to changes in freezing point depression.

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Answer:

1. Q: How does a phase change from solid to liquid occur in a substance?

A. Heat energy is added to the substance, weakening the electrical attraction between molecules.

2. Q: How do weak intermolecular bond strengths affect the melting and boiling point of a substance?

A: Both the melting point and boiling point are lower.

3. Q: Which term or phrase represents a separation of charges in a molecule, resulting in partial positive and partial negative charges?

A: Dipole

4. Q: Which statement explains why water and ethanol have different boiling points?

A: Water and ethanol have different molecular structures

5. Q: Which statement describes the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water?

A: The lone pairs of electrons in the oxygen atom causes the molecule to be bent; the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges.

Explanation:

Did it

The statement which best describes the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in

water is that the lone pairs of electrons in the oxygen atom causes the

molecule to be bent; the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge, while

the hydrogen atoms have partial positive charges.

Water is a compound which comprises of the elements hydrogen and

oxygen. They  share electrons in the covalent bond present between the

atoms. The sharing of electrons isn't equal which is why it has a bent

structure.

The oxygen atom has a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms

have partial positive charges present in the compound.

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In the Lewis structure of methanol (CH3OH), the OH group is placed on the outside because it is an important functional group that influences the chemical properties and reactivity of the molecule.

The Lewis structure is a representation of a molecule that shows the arrangement of atoms and valence electrons. In methanol, carbon (C) is the central atom bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. The oxygen atom forms a single bond with carbon and also has two lone pairs of electrons.

The placement of the OH group (hydroxyl group) on the outside of the Lewis structure is significant because it determines the chemical behavior of methanol. The OH group consists of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and represents the presence of an alcohol functional group.

In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within a molecule that give rise to characteristic chemical reactions and properties. The presence and position of functional groups can greatly influence the behavior and reactivity of a compound. In the case of methanol, the hydroxyl group provides the molecule with its characteristic properties.

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The molecular weight (MW) of edta, glucose, and tris is respectively 372.2 g/mol, 180.15 g/mol, and 121.1 g/mol. We want to make 345 ml of a 16 mM edta, 0.24% glucose, 75 mM tris solution.

First, let's calculate how much edta we need: 16 mM means 16 millimoles per liter, so we need to convert the volume from ml to liters: 345 ml ÷ 1000 ml/L = 0.345 L

Now we can calculate the number of millimoles of edta we need:0.345 L × 16 mmol/L = 5.52 mmol

Now we can calculate the mass of edta we need:5.52 mmol × 372.2 g/mol = 2056.3 g or 2.06 g (rounded to two decimal places) of edta. For glucose, 0.24% means 0.24 grams per 100 ml of solution. We want to make 345 ml of solution, so we can calculate how many grams of glucose we need:0.24 g/100 ml × 345 ml = 0.828 g or 0.83 g (rounded to two decimal places) of glucose.

For tris, 75 mM means 75 millimoles per liter, so we can calculate the number of millimoles we need:0.345 L × 75 mmol/L = 25.875 mmolNow we can calculate the mass of tris we need:25.875 mmol × 121.1 g/mol = 3132.71 g or 3.13 g (rounded to two decimal places) of tris.

Therefore, we need 2.06 g of edta, 0.83 g of glucose, and 3.13 g of tris to make 345 ml of a 16 mM edta, 0.24% glucose, 75 mM tris solution.

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Answer:

a. Silver; chlorine  

b. One atom of Ag; one atom of Cl

c. Two atoms total

Explanation:

The mode of the laser cavity is approximately 108.70.

To determine the mode of a laser cavity, we can use the formula:

Mode = L / (2 × d)

Where:

L is the length of the cavity

d is the wavelength of the emitted light

Given:

Length of the cavity (L) = 15 cm

Length of the cavity (L)  = 0.15 m

Wavelength (d) = 693 nm

Wavelength (d) = 693 × 10⁻⁹ m

Plugging the values into the formula:

Mode = 0.15 m / (2 × 693 × 10⁻⁹ m)

Mode = 108.70

The mode of the laser cavity is approximately 108.70.

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Force must be applied to initiate the motion of an object on earth's atmosphere, outer space  and the ocean.

According to Newton's second law of motion, the force applied to an object is directly proportional to the product of force and acceleration of the object. The object tends to move in the direction of the applied force.

The formula for this law is written as follows;

F = ma = mg

where;

Due to influence of acceleration due to gravity on objects, a force must be applied to initiate the motion of object located within the places where gravity is felt.

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The incorrect comparison of open tubular columns to packed columns is packed columns have decreased sensitivity. The correct option is C

Comparison of open tubular columns to packed columns is incorrect: The packed column is a type of gas chromatography column that is filled with the sorbent particles and the particles which are used to pack the column are of small size. The particle size used in the packed column ranges between 37-420µm. The packed column has the lower linear velocity because the particles are highly packed and the gases take more time to move between the particles.

Hence, the analysis time is more in the packed column than the open tubular column. The open tubular column is a type of gas chromatography column that is prepared by coating the wall of the capillary column with the thin film of the liquid stationary phase or the liquid is held on the wall of the capillary column with the stationary phase. The column used in the open tubular column is of 0.1 to 0.5mm. The open tubular column has a high linear velocity because the gases can easily move through the column without any resistance. Hence, the analysis time is less in the open tubular column than the packed column. The open tubular column has a higher resolution than the packed column.

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Answer:

the answer is stimilus!

Explanation:

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Answer:

The heat required to raise the temperature of 12g of water from 16 C to 21 C is 60 cal.

Explanation:

Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.

There is a direct proportional relationship between heat and temperature. The constant of proportionality depends on the substance that constitutes the body as on its mass, and is the product of the specific heat by the mass of the body. So, the equation that allows calculating heat exchanges is:

Q = c * m * ΔT

where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.

In this case, you know:

Replacing:

Q= 4.186 \(\frac{J}{g*C}\) *12 g *5 °C

Solving:

Q=251.16 J

Since 1 J is equal to 0.2388 cal, then the following rule of three can be applied: if 1 J is equal to 0.2388 cal, then 251.16 J to how many cal are?

\(cal=\frac{251.16 J * 0.2388 cal}{1 J}\)

cal= 59.98 ≅ 60

The heat required to raise the temperature of 12g of water from 16 C to 21 C is 60 cal.

The calorimeter measures the transferred heat of the system. 60 cal is heat is required to raise the temperature of water from 16 to 21 degrees celsius.

Heat is the product of the mass, specific heat, and the change in the temperature of the system.

Heat exchanged by the system is calculated as:

\(\rm Q = \rm m c \Delta T\)

Where,

Mass (m) = 12 g

Specific heat (c) = 4.186

Change in temperature = 5 degrees celsius

Substituting values in the equation:

\(\begin{aligned} \rm Q &= 12 \times 4.186 \times 5\\\\&= 251.16 \;\rm J\end{aligned}\)

Converting joules into cal:

\(251.16 \times 0.2388 \;\rm cal = 60 \;\rm cal\)

Therefore, the heat required is option b) 60 cal.

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