Answer:
CRUST: In geology, the crust is the outermost solid layer of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite.
MANTLE: A mantle is a layer within a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust.
OUTER CORE: The outer core of the Earth is a plasma layer mostly composed of iron and nickel, located between the mantle and the inner core.
INNER CORE: The inner core of the Earth is the innermost geological layer on the planet. It is primarily a solid sphere with a radius of about 1,220 kilometers (758.1 mi), which is about 20% of the radius of the Earth or 70% of the radius of the Moon.
GIVE BRAINLIEST PLZ
Answer:
crust: the surface we stand and walk on and is also thin
Explanation:
mantle: plastic like molten maga
outer core: molten magma which is broken rock and metal hot enough to melt any man made object
inner core: the hottest layer and also a solid ball of compressed iron and is responsible for the earth's magnetic field
simplify 7x +5 -4x - 16
Name 2 places were Archaebacteria can live
Answer:
such as volcanic vents
at the bottom of the sea
boiling mud around volcanoes
hot springs
What is the main reason that we can use antibiotics that interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria without being affected ourselves? а Antibiotics bind to the ribosomal sites in the bacteria, which are different than those found in eukaryotes, to interfere with protein synthesis. b Antibiotics bind to the mitochondrial sites in the bacteria to interfere with protein synthesis. Antibiotics affect both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, but prokaryotes are more sensitive to them. d Antibiotics cannot bind to the eukaryotic ribosomes because they are larger.
The main reason that we can use antibiotics that interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria without being affected ourselves is because of the difference in ribosomal sites between bacteria and eukaryotes. The correct answer is option а. Antibiotics bind to the ribosomal sites in the bacteria, which are different than those found in eukaryotes, to interfere with protein synthesis.
This difference in ribosomal sites allows the antibiotics to specifically target the bacteria without affecting our own cells. The other options are incorrect because antibiotics do not bind to mitochondrial sites (option b), they do not affect both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells equally (option c), and the size of eukaryotic ribosomes is not the reason why antibiotics cannot bind to them (option d).
In conclusion, the main reason that we can use antibiotics that interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria without being affected ourselves is because of the difference in ribosomal sites between bacteria and eukaryotes. This allows the antibiotics to specifically target the bacteria without affecting our own cells.
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Which of the following describes one way plants changed the biosphere to support the emergence of land animals?
A Plant roots broke down rocks to create soil.
B Plant leaves decreased Earth’s reflectivity.
C Plants provided shelter and shade from the Sun.
D Plants increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Plants provide shelter and shade from the sun which support the emergence of land animals. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What is the role of plants in biosphere?The area of the planet that is home to all forms of life, including animals, plants, and microorganisms, is referred to as the biosphere.
Because they are the main creators of all other organisms, plants have a significant place in the biosphere. This indicates that these organisms are the ones responsible for the production of organic compounds, which are then taken in by other creatures. They do this via a process known as photosynthesis, which utilises the light energy provided by the sun.
They provide shelter to many birds and animals like a home. Also, they provide food for birds, animals and human beings in the form of leaves, vegetables, fruits and roots
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How would an asthma attack most likely affect oxygen delivery in the body
Answer:
when things are working normally, the amount of air we breath in is about the same as the amount we breath out. But during an asthma attack, air gets trapped in the lungs making it harder and harder to breath
1.6 Study case: you are an NASA engineer and you have been entrusted to
build a pathfinder to explore the surface of Venus (at 464°C ~), What 10
metals you would NOT USE and why?
The 10 metals you would not use would be "Lithium (Li),Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francio (Fr)", "Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Mr), Barium (Ba) and Radio (Ra)" due to their low melting temperature.
Which metals to use?Refractory metals are a class of metals that are remarkably resistant to heat and wear. The expression is most often used in the context of materials science, metallurgy and engineering. The definition of which elements belong to this group may vary. The most common definition includes five elements: two from the fifth period (niobium and molybdenum) and three from the sixth period (tantalum, tungsten and rhenium). They all share some properties, including a melting point above 2000 °C and high hardness at room temperature. They are chemically inert and have a relatively higher density. Their high melting points make powder metallurgy the method of choice for manufacturing components from these metals. Some of its applications include tools for machining metals at high temperatures, filament yarn, casting molds, and chemical reaction vessels in corrosive environments. In part due to the high melting point, refractory metals are stable against creep deformation at very high temperatures.
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Identify the phrase that best describes a transfer of energy between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere. Ocean currents transport warm water from the equator to the poles and cold water from the poles to the tropics. These currents help regulate air temperatures and, therefore, the global climate, counteracting the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth. If there were no currents, the temperature near the equator would be extremely hot, and the temperature near the poles would be extremely cold. These areas would not be suitable for living things to survive.
These currents help regulate air temperatures and, therefore, the global climate, counteracting the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth.
What is a hydrosphere?The hydrosphere consists of water forms and all water layers of the earth.
Examples are oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, etc.
Ocean currents help in the transfer of energy between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere.
It also regulates the temperature of the air.
Thus, the correct option is B, Ocean currents help regulate air temperatures and, therefore, the global climate, counteracting the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth.
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Answer:
2nd option
Explanation:
"These currents help regulate air temperatures and, therefore, the global climate, counteracting the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth."
What may cause a species to become less genetically diverse?.
A species may become less genetically diverse due to several factors. One of these factors is genetic drift. Genetic drift is a phenomenon that occurs when the frequency of an allele within a population changes randomly over time due to sampling error, which occurs during the transfer of genes from one generation to the next.
This effect is most commonly observed in small populations, where chance events can have a significant impact on the genetic makeup of the population over time.Inbreeding is another factor that can lead to a reduction in genetic diversity within a species. When individuals mate with close relatives, they are more likely to share the same genetic traits, which can lead to a loss of genetic diversity within the population.
Over time, this can lead to an increase in the incidence of harmful genetic traits, which can lead to reduced fitness and survival rates in the population.A third factor that can cause a species to become less genetically diverse is natural selection. When natural selection favors certain traits over others, it can lead to a reduction in the genetic diversity of the population. This is because individuals with traits that are less well-suited to their environment are less likely to survive and reproduce, which can cause the frequency of certain alleles to decrease over time. In addition, natural selection can also lead to the fixation of certain alleles within a population, which can further reduce genetic diversity.Overall, a loss of genetic diversity within a species can have significant negative consequences for the survival and adaptation of the species over time. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that can cause genetic diversity to decrease and to take steps to mitigate their impact whenever possible.
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A species may become less genetically diverse due to several factors such as the bottleneck effect, genetic drift, and inbreeding. These factors reduce the chances of new traits emerging, limit the species' ability to adapt and may enhance certain traits or genetic disorders.
Explanation:There are several factors that can cause a species to become less genetically diverse. One primary factor is bottleneck effect, which occurs when a large portion of a population is wiped out due to an event like a natural disaster, leaving only a small gene pool. This reduces the chance of new traits emerging and lessens the ability of the species to adapt to new environmental changes.
Another factor is genetic drift, a random change in allele frequencies in a population. In a small population, genetic drift can cause certain genes to become more common, resulting in decreased genetic diversity.
Lastly, inbreeding can also lead to a decrease in genetic diversity. Inbreeding, the mating of closely related individuals, can lead to the increased frequency of certain traits and genetic disorders, letting less diverse genes dominate. These phenomena can ultimately result in less genetically diverse populations.
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Which microfossils are useful for paleotemperature determination
using the oxygen isotope ratios of their shells?
The microfossils that are useful for paleotemperature determination using the oxygen isotope ratios of their shells are foraminifera.
Foraminifera are tiny marine animals that have been living for millions of years. Their shells are made up of calcium carbonate and are well-preserved in sediments. The shells of these microorganisms are widely used in paleoceanography to determine past climatic conditions. Paleoceanography is the study of the history of the oceans in the geological past using sediments and fossils. It helps us to understand how the oceans and climate have changed over time.
Paleotemperature is the measure of the temperature that existed in past geological ages. The temperature is determined by various means, including studying the growth rings of trees, ice cores, and microfossils, and others. Microfossils are microscopic fossils that are found in rocks and sediments that help in reconstructing past environmental and climatic conditions.
Oxygen isotope ratio is the measure of the relative abundance of oxygen isotopes 18O and 16O in a sample. The ratio of the two isotopes changes as a result of temperature changes. The ratio is used to reconstruct past temperature changes.
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How would you explain the fact that after the demise of the cahokia no urban center of similar size and sophistication emerged to take its place?
Maintaining such a society requires a large and well-organized population,and after the demise of Cahokia, the population of the Mississippi Valley shrunk in an extreme manner which was why no no urban center of similar size and sophistication emerged to take its place.
What is Population?This is referred to the total number of people present in an area over a given period of time and is influenced by different factors such as employment opportunities etc.
Cahokia was known to be very sophisticated due to its large population who were well-organized. After the demise of Cahokia, the population of the Mississippi Valley shrunk drastically.
This was the reason why no center of similar size and sophistication emerged to take its place and is therefore the most appropriate choice.
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Which pattern of inheritance would explain the different fur color in the related dogs?
Answer:
B/b alleles.
from a presentation
Which of the following is a program rather than a law regulating water quality? a. the safe drinking water act b. the clean water act c. watersense d. the marine protection, research, and sanctuaries act please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Watersense is a program rather than a law regulating water quality.
What is the WaterSense program?WaterSense, a voluntary partnership program sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is both a label for water-efficient products and a resource for helping you save water.
Its label makes it simple to find water-efficient products, new homes, and programs that meet EPA’s criteria for efficiency and performance.
Hence, Watersense is a program rather than a law regulating water quality.
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One recent approach to vaccine development has been production of peptide vaccines. In these vaccines, antigenic peptides are injected instead of whole bacteria or viruses. Peptide vaccines have not been particularly useful against viral pathogens because viral infections require a CD8+ T cell mediated immune response. Why is a peptide vaccine unable to create such a response?
Answer:
Explanation below
Explanation:
Immunization is the process of protecting the body from infections. This can be divided into two, namely
1. Natural immunization
2. Artificial immunization
Natural immunization is the one that is being developed by the body naturally, to protect the body from infections. This is usually known as the white blood cells.
Artificial immunization is being developed through the introduction of atenuated organisms into the body, so that the body can react by producing antibodies against that infectious organisms. This is known as vaccination.
The peptide vaccines have been developed for the body to be able to produce antibodies against some infections.
It should be noted that, owing to the relatively small size of peptides, they are often weakly immunogenic by themselves and therefore require carrier molecules, to add chemical stability and adjuevating for the induction of a robust immune response.
True or false:unconformities can be found at the surface
What is the phrase that reflects the idea that the superpowers would avoid nuclear war due to fear of mutual annihilation?.
The phrase that reflects the idea that the superpowers would avoid nuclear war due to fear of mutual annihilation is "mutually assured destruction" (MAD).
It was a concept developed during the Cold War, a political and military standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union, in which both countries possessed nuclear weapons.
The idea behind MAD was that if one country were to launch a nuclear attack on the other, the targeted country would respond with its own nuclear weapons, resulting in the total destruction of both countries.
This concept was meant to deter either side from initiating a nuclear war out of fear of the catastrophic consequences. Thus, MAD was a crucial part of the nuclear arms race between the superpowers and helped prevent a large-scale nuclear conflict during the Cold War era.
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Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the differences and similarities among plant and animal cells? Animal cells do not have intermediate filaments, plant cells have intermediate filaments. Both plant and animal cells have actin filaments and microtubules. Plant cells do not have extracellular matrix but they have cell walls. Animal cells do not have cell walls but they have extracellular matrix.
The statement that is NOT TRUE about the differences and similarities among plant and animal cells is "Animal cells do not have intermediate filaments, plant cells have intermediate filaments.
"This statement is not correct because animal cells also have intermediate filaments. Intermediate filaments are a type of cytoskeletal structure that provides mechanical support for cells.
Both animal and plant cells contain actin filaments and microtubules. Actin filaments help in cell motility, cytokinesis, and maintenance of cell shape. Microtubules act as tracks for intracellular transport and help in maintaining cell shape.
Plant cells are different from animal cells in that they have cell walls that provide structural support, protect the cell, and maintain cell shape.
On the other hand, animal cells do not have cell walls but they have an extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM is a network of macromolecules that provides mechanical and structural support to the cells, regulates cellular functions and interactions with the environment. In conclusion, animal cells have intermediate filaments, and this statement is not true about the differences and similarities among plant and animal cells.
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What do plants produce when they make their own food?
Answer:
Plants are autotrophs, which means they produce their own food. They use the process of photosynthesis to transform water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen, and simple sugars that the plant uses as fuel. These primary producers form the base of an ecosystem and fuel the next trophic levels.
Explanation:
Answer:
Their roots take up water and minerals from the ground and their leaves absorb a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. They convert these ingredients into food by using energy from sunlight. This process is called photosynthesis, which means ‘making out of light’. The foods are called glucose and starch
how are most of the non-essential amino acids made in the body?
HELP ASAP !!!
How do electromagnetic waves transfer energy?
A. They cancel vibrations in electric and magnetic fields,
B. They cause particles to move with them, WWW.
C. They cause vibrations in electric and magnetic fields,
D. They overlap electric and magnetic fields,
Answer: C
Explanation:
Electromagnetic waves transfer energy by they cause vibrations in electric and magnetic fields.
What do you mean by electromagnetic waves?Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves of the electromagnetic field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, light, ultraviolet, X-rays.
Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. In other words, EM waves are composed of oscillating magnetic and electric fields.
Electromagnetic radiation exhibits wavelike properties such as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference, but also exhibits particlelike properties in that its energy occurs in discrete packets, or quanta.
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You see everyone running and screaming, what will you do?
A. Run to see what is going on only to discover that there is a tsunami coming your way.
B. Grab gun and cuss at everyone and shoot as many people as possible.
C. Get naked and do whatever you want! <3
D. Tell the people to run the other direction saying that they are actually running towards the tsunami as you lie to them.
E. Grow wings and fly and watch all the people to die. :)
Answer:
Grow wings and fly and watch all the people to die. :)
LOLOLOLOLOLOLOL
Which of the following are components of animal fatty acid synthase (FAS)? Select all that apply. beta-ketoacyl synthase acetyl transacylase
acyl CoA dehydrogenase enoyl reductase acyl CoA synthetase 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratase
The correct options are: beta-ketoacyl synthase, acetyl transacylase, enoyl reductase, and 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratase. Acyl CoA dehydrogenase and acyl CoA synthetase are not components of FAS.
The components of animal fatty acid synthase (FAS) are beta-ketoacyl synthase, acetyl transacylase, enoyl reductase, 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratase, and acyl carrier protein. Therefore, the components of FAS that are listed in the given options are beta-ketoacyl synthase, acetyl transacylase, enoyl reductase, and 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratase.
Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is an enzyme complex involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids. It plays a crucial role in the production of long-chain fatty acids, which are essential components of various biological molecules such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters.
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PLEASEEE HELP ASAP! BRAINLIST GETS 80 POINTS!!!!!!!!!!
04.02 Environmental Resources Lab Report
Instructions: For this lab, use the lab report to record your information. You will submit your completed lab report.
Note: If you cannot complete this lab as directed, please contact your instructor for assistance.
Name and Title:
Include your name, instructor's name, and date.
Introduction
To improve your soil, you should first know what you’re starting with. In this lab, you will sample local soil to determine its composition and pH range.
Materials
• Distilled water
• Metric ruler
• Small zipper storage bag
• Soil from the yard, garden, or other local source
• Jar with tightly fitting lid (tall and skinny would be best)
• Small digging tool
• pH strips (available at hardware and pool supply stores) or vinegar and baking soda
Pre-lab Questions
1. Describe soil particles (sand, silt, and clay) in term of size and texture.
2. If soil is too acidic, what substance is usually added? If soil is too alkaline, what substance is usually added?
3. Why are soil composition and pH important to know?
Hypothesis
Predict what type of soil you think is in your local area (mostly sand, silt, clay, or mixed) and if it more acidic, more alkaline, or neutral.
Procedure
Obtaining soil samples for your jar and resealable bag
1. Take your jar, resealable bag, and digging tool into your garden or yard. Use the digging tool to dig a hole 3–6 inches deep. Take your soil sample from the soil at this depth.
2. Place approximately one cup of soil into the resealable bag, squeeze the air out of the bag, and zip it shut (you will use this soil later in the lab).
3. Dig up additional soil and fill the jar to approximately 1/4 full of soil. Take everything back inside to your work area.
Note: To avoid making a mess, it is best to work on a covered surface (for example, a kitchen counter covered with old newspaper or plastic wrap).
4. Fill the remaining space in the jar with water, and screw the cap on tightly (see Figure 1, below).
5. Shake the jar so that the dirt is totally dispersed through the water (see Figure 2, below). Set down the jar and allow the shaken contents to settle completely (see Figure 3, below). Leave it undisturbed overnight while you test the texture and pH of the soil in your resealable bag.
Note: Do not pick up the jar. Doing so will begin to mix the contents again.
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Fill jar 3/4 full of water and 1/4 full of soil. With the lid on tightly, shake the jar well until the soil and water have mixed thoroughly. Let the jar sit. Materials will begin to settle out and form layers.
Testing texture and pH of the soil in your resealable bag
1. While you wait for the soil and water sample to settle in the jar, you can test the texture of the sample in the resealable bag. First, remove a small amount and moisten it slightly to test the texture. Record your observations in the Data and Observations section.
a. Rough and gritty soil that barely sticks together is sand.
b. Loams (mixtures of clay, silt, and sand) feel medium-textured.
c. Smooth and sticky fine textures indicate clay.
2. Next, test the pH using one of the following methods:
a. If you have pH strips: To test with pH strips, place the soil sample in a small bowl or container and add a small amount of distilled water. Add just enough water to make the soil slightly liquid, like a milkshake consistency. Dip the pH strip in and compare it to the color identification provided with the test strips. Record your data in the Data and Observations section.
b. If you do not have pH strips: Use vinegar and baking soda instead. To do this, split the sample into two containers. Add a half cup of vinegar to the first sample of soil, mix gently, and watch to see if it bubbles or fizzes. If it does, it is alkaline. In the second container, add a half cup of distilled water to the soil and mix gently. Then add a half cup of baking soda. If there is a reaction of bubbles or fizzing, the soil is acidic. If neither sample has a reaction, the soil is neutral. Record your data in the Data and Observations section.
Testing soil sample in your jar
1. For the sample in the jar, wait until after the contents have settled and you can see several different-colored layers. In addition, you may see some material floating at the top of the water. You may also see that the water is still clouded with some particles.
2. Measure the total thickness of the soil in the jar after it settles. Record this measurement (in centimeters) in the data table.
3. Observe the settled dirt carefully. There should be distinct layers of soil. The bottom will be your sand layer (largest particles fall out first), then clay or silt, depending on the kind of soil you have. Carefully measure the thickness of any layers of soil seen in your jar. Record your measurements in centimeters (cm) in the data table. Also record the color of each layer.
genes turn on or off to regulate the activity of multiple choice rna. multifactorial disorders. differentiation. mutation.
Genes that are turned on or off to prevent the function of most RNA options are mutations. The process of turning genes on and off is called as Gene regulation.
Gene regulation is an important part of usual development. Genes are turned on and off differently during development so that brain cells form and function differently than liver cells or muscle cells, for example. Gene editing allows cells to respond more quickly to changes in their environment. A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of organism. Mutations can result from DNA replication errors during cell division, exposure to mutagens or viruses. Genetic processes can occur at any time during gene expression, but most often occur at the level of transcription (when the information in the gene's DNA is passed down to mRNA).
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an organic compound with a ratio of one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom is a(n)--------------------------------
Answer:
Neutron
Explanation: If you mix all of these, they form a neutron.
8. All seeds hove seed or fruit to protect them as they grow. How do seeds grow? 9. The of a plant begins with a seed. 10. The way plants grow, five, and is called their life cycle. 11. Most seeds need water, food, and a little heat to become new plants. 12. A new plant has the same life cycle as its plant. Critical Thinking 13. How ore new plants that grow from seeds like their parent plonts?
Seeds grow with the help of various natural resources like water, oxygen, and sunlight, which help them to sprout and grow roots and develop into new plants. Some seeds grow as soon as they land in the ground, while others need a specific time period to grow.
The life of a plant begins with a seed that contains the necessary resources required for the plant's growth, which includes the embryo, endosperm, and protective seed coat.
The process through which plants grow, reproduce, and die is called their life cycle. It includes different stages like germination, growth, flowering, pollination, fertilization, seed production, and dispersal.
Seeds need water, food, and a little heat to grow into new plants. Water helps seeds to soften and expand, and food helps them to provide the necessary nutrients required for growth. The heat helps seeds to break dormancy and activate enzymes that speed up the germination process.
A new plant has the same life cycle as its parent plant. Plants have a unique life cycle, and every stage of the life cycle is essential for their growth and development. New plants inherit their genetic traits from their parent plants, and their life cycle is the same as that of their parent plant.
New plants that grow from seeds inherit their genetic traits from their parent plants and have the same life cycle as their parent plants. The life cycle of a plant includes the stages of germination, growth, flowering, pollination, fertilization, seed production, and dispersal. Thus, new plants that grow from seeds are like their parent plants.
which intravenous fluid should the nurse classify as hypertonic?
An intravenous fluid that should be classified as hypertonic is one that has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the body's cells or plasma.
Examples of hypertonic intravenous fluids include:
1. 3% saline (3% sodium chloride solution)
2. 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (5% dextrose in normal saline)
3. 10% dextrose in water (D10W)
These fluids have a higher osmolarity than the intracellular or extracellular fluid.
These hypertonic solutions are typically used for specific medical conditions and situations where there is a need to draw fluids from the intracellular or interstitial compartments into the intravascular space, such as in cases of severe hyponatremia or hypovolemia.
They are administered with caution and closely monitored due to their potential to cause fluid shifts and electrolyte imbalances.
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which of the following are distributed by global ocean circulation?
a. wind and weather
b. currents and weather
c. energy and matter
d. sea life and boats
Label as Eudicot / Monocot or Both1. Xylem2. Scattered Vascular Bundles3. Pith4. Ringed organization of vascular bundles5. Cortex6. Phloem7. Secondary growth8. Ground tissue9. Vascular bundles
1. Xylem - monocot
2. Scattered Vascular Bundles - monocot
3. Pith - monocot
4. Ringed organization of vascular bundles - eudicot
5. Cortex - both
6. Phloem - monocot
7. Secondary growth - eudicot
8. Ground tissue - both
9. Vascular bundles - both
Monocots and dicots varries in the following structures: leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Monocots consists of one cotyledon or vein while dicots have two.
what type of system is currently used to map the ocean?
Answer: echo sounding
Explanation:
Answer:
something that is a system of mapping the ocean is "echo sounding"
what is precipitation reactions
\(\sf{\underbrace{\underline{~~~~~Precipitation ~Reaction~~~~~~ }}}\)
A precipitation reaction refers to the formation of an insoluble salt when two solutions containing soluble salts are combined. The insoluble salt that falls out of solution is known as the precipitate, hence the reaction's name. Precipitation reactions can help determine the presence of various ions in solution.